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Vulnerability of Eastern Tropical Pacific chondrichthyan fish to climate change

pmid: 38967106
AbstractClimate change is an environmental emergency threatening species and ecosystems globally. Oceans have absorbed about 90% of anthropogenic heat and 20%–30% of the carbon emissions, resulting in ocean warming, acidification, deoxygenation, changes in ocean stratification and nutrient availability, and more severe extreme events. Given predictions of further changes, there is a critical need to understand how marine species will be affected. Here, we used an integrated risk assessment framework to evaluate the vulnerability of 132 chondrichthyans in the Eastern Tropical Pacific (ETP) to the impacts of climate change. Taking a precautionary view, we found that almost a quarter (23%) of the ETP chondrichthyan species evaluated were highly vulnerable to climate change, and much of the rest (76%) were moderately vulnerable. Most of the highly vulnerable species are batoids (77%), and a large proportion (90%) are coastal or pelagic species that use coastal habitats as nurseries. Six species of batoids were highly vulnerable in all three components of the assessment (exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity). This assessment indicates that coastal species, particularly those relying on inshore nursery areas are the most vulnerable to climate change. Ocean warming, in combination with acidification and potential deoxygenation, will likely have widespread effects on ETP chondrichthyan species, but coastal species may also contend with changes in freshwater inputs, salinity, and sea level rise. This climate‐related vulnerability is compounded by other anthropogenic factors, such as overfishing and habitat degradation already occurring in the region. Mitigating the impacts of climate change on ETP chondrichthyans involves a range of approaches that include addressing habitat degradation, sustainability of exploitation, and species‐specific actions may be required for species at higher risk. The assessment also highlighted the need to further understand climate change's impacts on key ETP habitats and processes and identified knowledge gaps on ETP chondrichthyan species.
- James Cook University Australia
- Charles Darwin Foundation Ecuador
- Autonomous University of Baja California Mexico
- University of Costa Rica Costa Rica
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito Ecuador
570, batoid, Climate Change, ecological risk assessment, Fisheries Sustainability, Oceanography, chimaera, Risk Assessment, shark, Vulnerability (computing), Computer security, Animals, Climate change, Fish Population Dynamics, Biology, Ecosystem, Global and Planetary Change, Pacific Ocean, Resilience of Coral Reef Ecosystems to Climate Change, Ecology, Geography, Fishes, Tropics, Geology, FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences, Computer science, Fish, Fishery, FOS: Biological sciences, Impacts of Climate Change on Marine Fisheries, Habitat Change, Environmental Science, Physical Sciences, ETP, Ecology and Conservation of Marine Mammals, elasmobranch
570, batoid, Climate Change, ecological risk assessment, Fisheries Sustainability, Oceanography, chimaera, Risk Assessment, shark, Vulnerability (computing), Computer security, Animals, Climate change, Fish Population Dynamics, Biology, Ecosystem, Global and Planetary Change, Pacific Ocean, Resilience of Coral Reef Ecosystems to Climate Change, Ecology, Geography, Fishes, Tropics, Geology, FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences, Computer science, Fish, Fishery, FOS: Biological sciences, Impacts of Climate Change on Marine Fisheries, Habitat Change, Environmental Science, Physical Sciences, ETP, Ecology and Conservation of Marine Mammals, elasmobranch
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