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Renewable energy deployment to combat energy crisis in Pakistan

نشر الطاقة المتجددة لمكافحة أزمة الطاقة في باكستان
Authors: Razif Harun; Ali Asghar Memon; Michael K. Danquah; S. R. Samo; Abdul Raheem; Abdul Raheem; Sikandar Ali Abbasi; +1 Authors

Renewable energy deployment to combat energy crisis in Pakistan

Abstract

La enorme deficiencia de electricidad debido a la fuerte dependencia de los combustibles importados se ha convertido en un impedimento significativo para el desarrollo socioeconómico en Pakistán. Este escenario crea un aumento en los precios locales de los combustibles y limita los potenciales en el establecimiento de nuevas zonas industriales. La brecha actual entre la demanda y la producción de electricidad en Pakistán es de aproximadamente 5000–8000 MW con un aumento constante del 6–8 % anual. Por lo tanto, se requieren fuentes de energía más sostenibles y renovables para superar el problema existente. Pakistán está dotado de posibles recursos de energía renovable como la eólica, la solar, la hidráulica y la biomasa. Estos recursos tienen la capacidad de ser los principales contribuyentes a la futura matriz de producción de energía, los esfuerzos de reducción del cambio climático y el desarrollo energético sostenible del país. Este artículo analiza la disponibilidad de recursos energéticos alternativos en Pakistán y los potenciales asociados para el desarrollo a gran escala de sistemas energéticos sostenibles. También se discuten estrategias de explotación para aumentar la distribución de los recursos energéticos autóctonos.

L'énorme pénurie d'électricité due à la forte dépendance aux combustibles importés est devenue un obstacle important au développement socio-économique du Pakistan. Ce scénario crée une augmentation des prix locaux du carburant et limite les potentiels de création de nouvelles zones industrielles. L'écart actuel entre la demande et la production d'électricité au Pakistan est d'environ 5000–8000 MW avec une augmentation constante de 6–8 % par an. Par conséquent, des sources d'énergie plus durables et renouvelables sont nécessaires pour surmonter le problème existant. Le Pakistan est doté de ressources énergétiques renouvelables potentielles telles que l'éolien, le solaire, l'hydroélectricité et la biomasse. Ces ressources ont la capacité d'être des contributeurs majeurs à la future matrice de production d'énergie, aux efforts de réduction du changement climatique et au développement énergétique durable du pays. Cet article examine la disponibilité des ressources énergétiques alternatives au Pakistan et les potentiels associés pour le développement à grande échelle de systèmes énergétiques durables. Il discute également des stratégies d'exploitation pour accroître la distribution des ressources énergétiques autochtones.

The huge deficiency of electricity due to heavy reliance on imported fuels has become a significant impediment to socio-economic development in Pakistan. This scenario creates an increase in local fuel prices and limits potentials in the establishment of new industrial zones. The current gap between the demand and production of electricity in Pakistan is approximately 5000–8000 MW with a constant increase of 6–8 % per annum. Hence, more sustainable and renewable energy sources are required to overcome the existing problem. Pakistan is endowed with potential renewable energy resources such as wind, solar, hydro, and biomass. These resources have the capacity to be major contributors to future energy production matrix, climate change reduction efforts, and the sustainable energy development of the country. This article reviews the availability of alternative energy resources in Pakistan and associated potentials for full-scale development of sustainable energy systems. It also discusses exploitation strategies to increase the distribution of indigenous energy resources.

أصبح النقص الهائل في الكهرباء بسبب الاعتماد الشديد على الوقود المستورد عائقًا كبيرًا أمام التنمية الاجتماعية والاقتصادية في باكستان. يخلق هذا السيناريو زيادة في أسعار الوقود المحلية ويحد من إمكانات إنشاء مناطق صناعية جديدة. تبلغ الفجوة الحالية بين الطلب على الكهرباء وإنتاجها في باكستان حوالي 5000–8000 ميجاوات مع زيادة مستمرة بنسبة 6–8 ٪ سنويًا. وبالتالي، هناك حاجة إلى مصادر طاقة أكثر استدامة ومتجددة للتغلب على المشكلة الحالية. تتمتع باكستان بموارد طاقة متجددة محتملة مثل الرياح والطاقة الشمسية والطاقة المائية والكتلة الحيوية. تتمتع هذه الموارد بالقدرة على أن تكون مساهماً رئيسياً في مصفوفة إنتاج الطاقة في المستقبل، وجهود الحد من تغير المناخ، وتنمية الطاقة المستدامة في البلاد. تستعرض هذه المقالة توافر موارد الطاقة البديلة في باكستان والإمكانات المرتبطة بها للتنمية الكاملة لأنظمة الطاقة المستدامة. كما يناقش استراتيجيات الاستغلال لزيادة توزيع موارد الطاقة المحلية.

Keywords

Renewable energy, Environmental economics, Economics, Macroeconomics, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Energy development, Environmental science, Climate change mitigation, Engineering, Energy Poverty, Natural resource economics, Electricity, Environmental impact of the energy industry, Sustainable development, Indoor Air Pollution in Developing Countries, Climate change, Business, Production (economics), Biology, Energy, Ecology, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Pollution, Hydrogen Energy Systems and Technologies, Feed-in tariff, FOS: Biological sciences, Electrical engineering, Environmental Science, Physical Sciences, Global Energy Transition and Fossil Fuel Depletion, Energy policy

  • BIP!
    Impact byBIP!
    citations
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    93
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 1%
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Top 10%
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
93
Top 1%
Top 10%
Top 10%
gold