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Jurnal Teknik ITS
Article . 2014
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Pembuatan Biofuel dari Minyak Kelapa Sawit melalui Proses Hydrocracking dengan Katalis Ni-Mg/γ-Al2O3

Authors: Achmad Roesyadi; Dwi Fitriyanto; Anindita Pramesti Putri Nugroho;

Pembuatan Biofuel dari Minyak Kelapa Sawit melalui Proses Hydrocracking dengan Katalis Ni-Mg/γ-Al2O3

Abstract

Keterbatasan bahan bakar fosil sebagai salah satu sumber energi yang tidak dapat diperbarui di Indonesia menjadikan wacana untuk menciptakan sumber energi alternatif dari bahan baku lain yang jumlahnya masih melimpah dan dapat diperbarui. Salah satu sumber energi alternatif tersebut adalah bahan bakar nabati. Biofuel atau bahan bakar nabati sering disebut energi hijau karena asal-usul dan emisinya bersifat ramah lingkungan dan tidak menyebabkan peningkatan pemanasan global secara signifikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pembuatan biofuel melalui proses hydrocracking minyak kelapa sawit dengan katalis Ni-Mg/γ-Al2O3, mempelajari pengaruh komposisi katalis, waktu, dan suhu terhadap yield biofuel serta mempelajari kondisi operasi terbaik pembuatan biofuel. Penelitian dilakukan dalam tiga tahap yaitu sintesis katalis, karakterisasi katalis, dan proses hydrocracking. Penentuan katalis terbaik melalui proses hydrocracking pada suhu 330oC waktu 60 menit untuk % loading Ni 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, dan 20% diperoleh katalis Ni-Mg/γ-Al2O3 15% yang menghasilkan yield gasoline tertinggu yaitu 44,819%. Katalis terbaik dikarakterisasi dengan Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) dan titrimetri menghasilkan rasio Ni/Mg sebesar 13,5/4,71. Luas permukaan katalis terbaik berdasarkan analisis Brunaur Emmet Teller (BET) yaitu 77.746 m2/g. Katalis Ni-Mg/γ-Al2O3 15% yang menghasilkan yield gasoline tertinggi digunakan untuk proses hydrocracking dengan variasi waktu dan temperatur. Hasil yang diperoleh untuk katalis Ni-Mg/γ-Al2O3 15% yield terbaik fraksi gasoline 46,333% pada suhu 360oC waktu 120 menit, yield terbaik kerosene 39,177% pada suhu 300oC waktu 120 menit, dan yield terbaik solar 63,213% pada suhu 300oC waktu 30 menit.

Keywords

katalis Ni-Mg/γ-Al2O3, Technology, hydrocracking, T, biofuel, TA1-2040, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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