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Pathways toward Zero-Carbon Electricity Required for Climate Stabilization

This paper covers three policy-relevant aspects of the carbon content of electricity that are well established among integrated assessment models but under-discussed in the policy debate. First, climate stabilization at any level from 2 to 3°C requires electricity to be almost carbon-free by the end of the century. As such, the question for policy makers is not whether to decarbonize electricity but when to do it. Second, decarbonization of electricity is still possible and required if some of the key zero-carbon technologies -- such as nuclear power or carbon capture and storage -- turn out to be unavailable. Third, progressive decarbonization of electricity is part of every country's cost-effective means of contributing to climate stabilization. In addition, this paper provides cost-effective pathways of the carbon content of electricity -- computed from the results of AMPERE, a recent integrated assessment model comparison study. These pathways may be used to benchmark existing decarbonization targets, such as those set by the European Energy Roadmap or the Clean Power Plan in the United States, or inform new policies in other countries. The pathways can also be used to assess the desirable uptake rates of electrification technologies, such as electric and plug-in hybrid vehicles, electric stoves and heat pumps, or industrial electric furnaces.
- French Institute for Research in Computer Science and Automation France
- University College London United Kingdom
- Institute for New Economic Thinking United States
- World Bank United States
- Inter-American Development Bank United States
690, [SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economies and finances, carbon intensity, Q5, Q4, Q01, [ SDV.EE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, climate change mitigation, [ SDE ] Environmental Sciences, life cycle assessment, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, [ SHS.ECO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economies and finances, [SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases,Energy Production and Transportation,Environment and Energy Efficiency,Energy and Environment,Transport Economics Policy&Planning, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Q01 [carbon intensity JEL], Q54, carbon intensity JEL: Q01, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, Q56, renewable energy, power supply, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Zero-Carbon Electricity, Environmental Policy, Electricity, Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation, environmental policy, climate change, environment, ddc: ddc:330, jel: jel:Q01, jel: jel:Q4, jel: jel:Q5, jel: jel:Q54
690, [SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economies and finances, carbon intensity, Q5, Q4, Q01, [ SDV.EE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, climate change mitigation, [ SDE ] Environmental Sciences, life cycle assessment, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, [ SHS.ECO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economies and finances, [SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases,Energy Production and Transportation,Environment and Energy Efficiency,Energy and Environment,Transport Economics Policy&Planning, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Q01 [carbon intensity JEL], Q54, carbon intensity JEL: Q01, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, Q56, renewable energy, power supply, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Zero-Carbon Electricity, Environmental Policy, Electricity, Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation, environmental policy, climate change, environment, ddc: ddc:330, jel: jel:Q01, jel: jel:Q4, jel: jel:Q5, jel: jel:Q54
citations This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).58 popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.Top 10% influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).Top 10% impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.Top 10%
