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Does the Quality of Electricity Matter? Evidence from Rural India

This paper estimates the returns from increased access to electricity in rural India on household income. We examine the eect of connecting a household to the grid (the extensive margin) and the quality of electricity, in terms of daily hours of supply (the intensive margin). The analysis is based on two rounds of a representative panel of more than 10,000 households. We use the district-level variation in land elevation and the district-level density of transmission cables as instruments for the electrification status of the household. We find that a grid connection increases nonagricultural incomes of rural households by about 20-30 percent during the study period (1994-2005). However, a grid connection and a higher quality of electricity (in terms of fewer outages and more hours per day) increases non-agricultural incomes by about 85 percent in the same period. This is equivalent to an income growth of about 8 percent per year. Moreover, marginal returns from average daily hours of supply are highest at very low and very high levels of daily supply, not over a wide range in-between.
- Tufts University United States
- University of Montreal Canada
- CIRANO Canada
- CIRANO Canada
- Université de Sherbrooke Canada
Infrastructure, Energy and Development, O12, Electricity Supply, Q48, India, O18, infrastructure, energy and development, Quality, quality, Electricity Supply, Quality, India, Energy and Development, Infrastructure, electricity supply, quality, India, energy and development, infrastructure, electricity supply, jel: jel:O12, jel: jel:Q48, jel: jel:O18, ddc: ddc:330
Infrastructure, Energy and Development, O12, Electricity Supply, Q48, India, O18, infrastructure, energy and development, Quality, quality, Electricity Supply, Quality, India, Energy and Development, Infrastructure, electricity supply, quality, India, energy and development, infrastructure, electricity supply, jel: jel:O12, jel: jel:Q48, jel: jel:O18, ddc: ddc:330
citations This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).137 popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.Top 1% influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).Top 10% impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.Top 10%
