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Energy Reports
Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
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Environmental Impact Assessment of Hydrogen Production Via Steam Methane Reforming Based on Emissions Data

Authors: Hannah Hyunah Cho; Vladimir Strezov; Tim J. Evans;

Environmental Impact Assessment of Hydrogen Production Via Steam Methane Reforming Based on Emissions Data

Abstract

Steam methane reforming (SMR) using natural gas is the most commonly used technology for hydrogen production. Industrial hydrogen production contributes to pollutant emissions, which may differ from the theoretical estimates due to process conditions, type and state of installed pollution control equipment. The aim of this study was to estimate the impacts of hydrogen production using facility-level real emissions data collected from multiple US EPA databases. The study applied the ReCiPe2016 impact assessment method and considered 12 midpoint and 14 endpoint impacts for 33 US SMR hydrogen production facilities. Global warming impacts were mostly driven by CO2 emissions and contributed to 94.6% of the endpoint impacts on human health, while global warming impact on terrestrial ecosystems contributed to 98.3% of the total endpoint impacts on ecosystems. The impacts estimated by direct emissions from the 33 facilities were 9.35 kg CO2e/kg H2which increased to 11.2 kg CO2e/kg H2when the full life cycle of hydrogen production including upstream emissions was included. The average global warming impact could be reduced by 5.9% and 11.1% with increases in hydrogen production efficiency by 5% and 10%, respectively. Potential impact reductions are also found when natural gas hydrogen production feedstock is replaced by renewable sources, with the greatest reduction of 78.1% found in hydrogen production via biomass gasification, followed by 68.2% reduction in landfill gas and 53.7% reduction in biomethane-derived hydrogen production.

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Keywords

Steam reforming, Emissions, Impact assessment, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, Life Cycle Assessment, Emission reduction, Hydrogen, TK1-9971

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    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
    influence
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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
57
Top 10%
Top 10%
Top 1%