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Renewable Energy
Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY
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https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4...
Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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Investigation of Wind Farms Impact on Surface Waves Using Coupled Numerical Simulation

Authors: Xiaoli Guo Larsén; Jana Fischereit; Sima Hamzeloo; Konrad Bärfuss; Astrid Lampert;

Investigation of Wind Farms Impact on Surface Waves Using Coupled Numerical Simulation

Abstract

A numerical investigation is carried out to understand the effect of offshore wind farm wakes on the surface wind and hence water waves. Two cases with the presence of wind farm wake effects from the literature are revisited, mainly due to two reasons: (1) the availability of various atmospheric and wave measurements; (2) one case with fetch effect and one without fetch effect. The coupled modeling system includes the atmospheric model WRF and ocean wave model SWAN, with the Wave Boundary Layer model implemented in SWAN. The wind farm wake effects are modeled using the Fitch Wind Farm Parameterization, where we used four coefficients of the parameter α to adjust the turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) coefficient (relevant to the magnitude and hence indirect advection of turbine-generated TKE: α = 1 , 0.25, 0.1 and 0). For the two cases, measurements suggest reduced wind speed and wave height under the wind farm wake effect. The modeling results are consistent, except for when α = 1 is used. Using the currently standard value of α = 1 results in excessive turbine-generated turbulence transported to the surface. This leads to enhanced surface winds and wave height; as this contradicts the measurements, we conclude that it is a numerical artifact. The study points to the importance of future research on a more accurate description of the horizontal and vertical transport of the turbine-generated TKE in WRF.

Country
Denmark
Related Organizations
Keywords

SDG7, SWAN, Wind farm parameterization, Wake, Wave modeling, WRF, Sea state, Wind farm effect

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
1
Average
Average
Average
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hybrid
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Energy Research