This study addresses the issue of the need for the protection of marine resources by humanity as a whole. The report, therefore, provides a critical bibliographic review, combining sources and reports from the international literature and examining the main implications of water pollution, lack of policies to protect marine life and, consequently, climate change on the planet and humanity. Also, one of the main questions addressed in this essay is what the comparison between the literature review findings and the quantitative data can reveal about the severity of the problem. The main conclusion that emerges is that the phenomenon of overfishing, intense industrialization as well as the rejection of plastics and chemicals in water volumes causes health problems, social problems and environmental problems, not only in coastal areas but also in all of humanity. However, it is also found that the international organizations as well as the private sector along with the local communities invest at tackling the problems related to climate change and ocean economy sustainability. In fact, it is underlined that the cooperation between the smaller local groups and the larger institutions is vital for the success of the global efforts to reduce climate change and increase marine protection.