As global warming intensifies, the world is increasingly concerned about carbon emissions. As an important industry that affects carbon emissions, the air transportation industry takes on the important task of energy saving and emission reduction. For this reason, major airlines have designed or will design different kinds of new-energy aircraft; however, each aircraft has a different scope of application according to its energy source. Biofuels have an obvious carbon emission reduction effect in the whole life cycle, which can offset the drawback of the high pollutant emission of traditional fossil fuels in the preparation and combustion stages. At the same time, a battery has zero emissions in the operating condition, while the low energy density also makes it more applicable to short-range navigation in small aircraft. In this paper, the development direction of a biofuel–electric hybrid aircraft is proposed based on the current development of green aviation, combining the characteristics of biofuel and electric aircraft.