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Applied Sciences
Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY
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Applied Sciences
Article . 2022
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Smart Attacks Learning Machine Advisor System for Protecting Smart Cities from Smart Threats

Authors: Hussein Ali; Omar M. Elzeki; Samir Elmougy;

Smart Attacks Learning Machine Advisor System for Protecting Smart Cities from Smart Threats

Abstract

The extensive use of Internet of Things (IoT) technology has recently enabled the development of smart cities. Smart cities operate in real-time to improve metropolitan areas’ comfort and efficiency. Sensors in these IoT devices are immediately linked to enormous servers, creating smart city traffic flow. This flow is rapidly increasing and is creating new cybersecurity concerns. Malicious attackers increasingly target essential infrastructure such as electricity transmission and other vital infrastructures. Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is a resilient connectivity technology utilized to address security concerns more efficiently. The controller, which oversees the flows of each appropriate forwarding unit in the SDN architecture, is the most critical component. The controller’s flow statistics are thought to provide relevant information for building an Intrusion Detection System (IDS). As a result, we propose a five-level classification approach based on SDN’s flow statistics to develop a Smart Attacks Learning Machine Advisor (SALMA) system for detecting intrusions and for protecting smart cities from smart threats. We use the Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) technique at all levels. The proposed system was implemented on the NSL-KDD and KDDCUP99 benchmark datasets, and achieved 95% and 99.2%, respectively. As a result, our approach provides an effective method for detecting intrusions in SDNs.

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Keywords

Technology, NSL-KDD, Extreme Learning Machine (ELM), QH301-705.5, T, Physics, QC1-999, Software-Defined Networking (SDN); NSL-KDD; smart city; Intrusion Detection System (IDS); Extreme Learning Machine (ELM); Internet of Things (IoT), Intrusion Detection System (IDS), Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), Software-Defined Networking (SDN), Internet of Things (IoT), Chemistry, smart city, TA1-2040, Biology (General), QD1-999

  • BIP!
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    citations
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    11
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Average
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
11
Top 10%
Average
Top 10%
gold