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Batteries
Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY
Data sources: Crossref
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Batteries
Article . 2025
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Electrochemical Studies of Metal Phthalocyanines as Alternative Cathodes for Aqueous Zinc Batteries in “Water-in-Salt” Electrolytes

Authors: Wentao Hou; Andres Eduardo Araujo-Correa; Shen Qiu; Crystal Otero Velez; Yamna D. Acosta-Tejada; Lexis N. Feliz-Hernández; Karilys González-Nieves; +3 Authors

Electrochemical Studies of Metal Phthalocyanines as Alternative Cathodes for Aqueous Zinc Batteries in “Water-in-Salt” Electrolytes

Abstract

Aqueous zinc batteries are emerging technologies for energy storage, owing to their high safety, high energy, and low cost. Among them, the development of low-cost and long-cycling cathode materials is of crucial importance. Currently, Zn-ion cathodes are heavily centered on metal-based inorganic materials and carbon-based organic materials; however, the metal–organic compounds remain largely overlooked. Herein, we report the electrochemical performance of metal phthalocyanines, a large group of underexplored compounds, as alternative cathode materials for aqueous zinc batteries. We discover that the selection of transition metal plays a vital role in affecting the electrochemical properties. Among them, iron phthalocyanine exhibits the most promising performance, with a reasonable capacity (~60 mAh g−1), a feasible voltage (~1.1 V), and the longest cycling (550 cycles). The optimal performance partly results from the utilization of zinc chloride “water-in-salt” electrolyte, which effectively mitigates material dissolution and enhances battery performance. Consequently, iron phthalocyanine holds promise as an inexpensive and cycle-stable cathode for aqueous zinc batteries.

Keywords

cathode, TK1001-1841, metal phthalocyanines, Production of electric energy or power. Powerplants. Central stations, Industrial electrochemistry, aqueous electrolytes, water-in-salt electrolytes, zinc batteries, TP250-261

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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