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Energies
Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY
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Energies
Article . 2022
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Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based Operation of Transmission Battery Storage with Dynamic Thermal Line Rating

Authors: Vadim Avkhimenia; Matheus Gemignani; Tim Weis; Petr Musilek;

Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based Operation of Transmission Battery Storage with Dynamic Thermal Line Rating

Abstract

It is well known that dynamic thermal line rating has the potential to use power transmission infrastructure more effectively by allowing higher currents when lines are cooler; however, it is not commonly implemented. Some of the barriers to implementation can be mitigated using modern battery energy storage systems. This paper proposes a combination of dynamic thermal line rating and battery use through the application of deep reinforcement learning. In particular, several algorithms based on deep deterministic policy gradient and soft actor critic are examined, in both single- and multi-agent settings. The selected algorithms are used to control battery energy storage systems in a 6-bus test grid. The effects of load and transmissible power forecasting on the convergence of those algorithms are also examined. The soft actor critic algorithm performs best, followed by deep deterministic policy gradient, and their multi-agent versions in the same order. One-step forecasting of the load and ampacity does not provide any significant benefit for predicting battery action.

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Keywords

dynamic line rating, Technology, deep reinforcement learning, T, load forecasting, linear programming, deep reinforcement learning; multi-agent system; demand response; load forecasting; dynamic line rating; linear programming; battery degradation; battery capacity sizing, demand response, multi-agent system

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold