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Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Astaxanthin, Lutein, and Fatty Acids from Haematococcus pluvialis Microalgae

Haematococcus pluvialis microalgae in the red phase can produce significant amounts of astaxanthin, lutein, and fatty acids (FAs), which are valuable antioxidants in nutraceutics and cosmetics. Extraction of astaxanthin, lutein, and FAs from disrupted biomass of the H. pluvialis red phase using carbon dioxide (CO2) in supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) conditions was investigated using a bench-scale reactor in a semi-batch configuration. In particular, the effect of extraction time (20, 40, 60, 80, and 120 min), CO2 flow rate (3.62 and 14.48 g/min) temperature (50, 65, and 80 °C), and pressure (100, 400, and 550 bar.) was explored. The results show the maximum recovery of astaxanthin and lutein achieved were 98.6% and 52.3%, respectively, at 50 °C and 550 bars, while the maximum recovery of FAs attained was 93.2% at 65 °C and 550 bars.
- University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" Italy
- Universit�� degli Studi della Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli' Italy
- Universit�� degli Studi della Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli' Italy
- National Agency For New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development Italy
- University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" Italy
QH301-705.5, Astaxanthin; Fatty acids; Haematococcus pluvialis; Lutein; Microalgae; Natural medicines; Supercritical fluid extraction; Drug Discovery3003 Pharmaceutical Science, Xanthophylls, fatty acids, Article, Chlorophyceae, Microalgae, Biomass, Biology (General), natural medicines, lutein, microalgae, Fatty Acids, Lutein, Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid, Carbon Dioxide, astaxanthin, <i>Haematococcus pluvialis</i>, Haematococcus pluvialis, supercritical fluid extraction
QH301-705.5, Astaxanthin; Fatty acids; Haematococcus pluvialis; Lutein; Microalgae; Natural medicines; Supercritical fluid extraction; Drug Discovery3003 Pharmaceutical Science, Xanthophylls, fatty acids, Article, Chlorophyceae, Microalgae, Biomass, Biology (General), natural medicines, lutein, microalgae, Fatty Acids, Lutein, Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid, Carbon Dioxide, astaxanthin, <i>Haematococcus pluvialis</i>, Haematococcus pluvialis, supercritical fluid extraction
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