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A Social–Ecological Systems Framework as a Tool for Understanding the Effectiveness of Biosphere Reserve Management

descriptionPublicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal 10 Oct 2018Publisher:MDPI AGJournal:Sustainability, volume 10, page 3,608 (eissn: 2071-1050,

Authors: Ana F. Ferreira; Heike Zimmermann; Rui Santos; Henrik Von Wehrden;

doi: 10.3390/su10103608

A Social–Ecological Systems Framework as a Tool for Understanding the Effectiveness of Biosphere Reserve Management

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Abstract

Biosphere reserves aim to reconciliate social and economic development with biodiversity conservation through complex spatial and governance arrangements. However, there is a generalized lack of information about how biosphere reserves are being managed and governed, and at what point their goals are being achieved, which limits a better understanding of the factors influencing biosphere reserve management effectiveness. Building on a systematic review of existing empirical studies, we developed a framework that identifies the main features related to biosphere reserve management effectiveness. We identified four main categories—context, inputs, process and outcomes—and 53 sub-categories, which interact at different scales and shape biosphere reserve effectiveness. We found that the capacity of biosphere reserves to achieve their goals is not only related to the way they are managed/governed, or to the inputs invested, but to many social and ecological contextual factors. We also identified benefits and impacts that were associated to biosphere reserves around the world. Comparing to other social–ecological system frameworks, ours provides a more inclusive approach, since it integrates the findings of studies with different research perspectives, considers a plurality of values attributed to natural resources, and the social–ecological system’s scales dynamics.

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Keywords

/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/3300/3305; name=Geography, Planning and Development, /dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/nachhaltigkeitswissenschaft; name=Sustainability Science, TJ807-830, /dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2100/2105; name=Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, TD194-195, biosphere reserve, /dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/decent_work_and_economic_growth; name=SDG 8 - Decent Work and Economic Growth, Renewable energy sources, /dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/affordable_and_clean_energy; name=SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy, systematic review, social-ecological system, framework, /dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2300/2301; name=Environmental Science (miscellaneous), sustainable develeopment, GE1-350, /dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1700/1701; name=Computer Science (miscellaneous), social–ecological system, biodiversity, sustainable development, Environmental effects of industries and plants, /dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1700/1705; name=Computer Networks and Communications, conservation, management effectiveness, /dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/life_on_land; name=SDG 15 - Life on Land, Environmental sciences, /dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2300/2308; name=Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, governance, /dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1700/1708; name=Hardware and Architecture, protected area, /dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2100/2102; name=Energy Engineering and Power Technology

Impact byBIP!

	citations This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).	28
	popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.	Top 10%
	influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).	Top 10%
	impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.	Top 10%