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Physical Fitness Predicts Subsequent Improvement in Academic Achievement: Differential Patterns Depending on Pupils’ Age

doi: 10.3390/su12218874
handle: 10400.13/3659
We investigated the longitudinal relationship between physical fitness (flexibility, functional strength, and running speed-agility components) and subsequent change in academic achievement across one school year. We also examined whether this longitudinal relationship differed as a function of pupils’ age, controlling for sex, body mass index, and socioeconomic status. Academic achievement in terms of marks in Portuguese and mathematics was recorded from 142 pupils (M = 14.59 years; SD = 1.99, range 11–18), between autumn 2017 and summer 2018. The physical fitness components, including flexibility, functional strength, and running speed-agility, were assessed at the baseline (i.e., at the beginning of the school year). Latent change score modelling revealed that higher physical fitness level at baseline significantly predicted a subsequent improvement in academic achievement across the school year. This longitudinal relationship was significantly stronger in younger compared to older pupils. Physical fitness and its interaction with age predicted 45.7% of the variance in the change in academic achievement. In conclusion, a better physical fitness profile including flexibility, functional strength, and running speed-agility explains a subsequent improvement in academic achievement. This longitudinal relationship seems to be age-dependent.
- Technical University of Lisbon
- University of Geneva Switzerland
- Instituto de Tecnologias Interativas Portugal
- University of Lisbon Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologias Interativas Portugal
Youth, TJ807-830, Academic success, ., TD194-195, Renewable energy sources, Physical education, GE1-350, youth, Environmental effects of industries and plants, info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/150, academic success, info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/618.97, Environmental sciences, physical education, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais, Physical conditioning, physical conditioning, ddc: ddc:150, ddc: ddc:618.97
Youth, TJ807-830, Academic success, ., TD194-195, Renewable energy sources, Physical education, GE1-350, youth, Environmental effects of industries and plants, info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/150, academic success, info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/618.97, Environmental sciences, physical education, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais, Physical conditioning, physical conditioning, ddc: ddc:150, ddc: ddc:618.97
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