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Particles of Negative and Zero Energy in Black Holes and Cosmological Models

Authors: Andrey A. Grib; Yuri V. Pavlov;

Particles of Negative and Zero Energy in Black Holes and Cosmological Models

Abstract

Particles with negative energies are considered for three different cases: inside the horizon of a Schwarzschild black hole, Milne’s coordinates in flat Minkowski space–time (Milne’s universe using nonsynchronous coordinates) and in the cosmological Gödel model of the rotating universe. It is shown that, differently from the Gödel model with a nondiagonal term, where it occurs that negative energies are impossible, they are present in all other cases considered in the paper. Particles with zero energy are also possible in the first two cases.

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Keywords

Elementary particle physics, FOS: Physical sciences, negative energy, Gödel universe, QC793-793.5, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, zero energy, Milne universe, black hole, negative energy; zero energy; black hole; Milne universe; Gödel universe

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
1
Average
Average
Average
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gold
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