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Water
Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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Multi-Objective and Multi-Variable Optimization Models of Hybrid Renewable Energy Solutions for Water–Energy Nexus

Authors: João S. T. Coelho; Maaike van de Loo; Juan Antonio Rodríguez Díaz; Oscar E. Coronado-Hernández; Modesto Perez-Sanchez; Helena M. Ramos;

Multi-Objective and Multi-Variable Optimization Models of Hybrid Renewable Energy Solutions for Water–Energy Nexus

Abstract

A new methodology, called HY4RES models, includes hybrid energy solutions (HESs) based on the availability of renewable sources, for 24 h of water allocation, using WaterGEMS 10.0 and PVGIS 5.2 as auxiliary calculations. The optimization design was achieved using Solver, with GRG nonlinear/evolutionary programming, and Python, with the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II). The study involves the implementation of complex multi-objective and multi-variable algorithms with different renewable sources, such as PV solar energy, pumped hydropower storage (PHS) energy, wind energy, grid connection energy, or battery energy, and also sensitivity analyses and comparisons of optimization models. Higher water allocations relied heavily on grid energy, especially at night when solar power was unavailable. For a case study of irrigation water needs of 800 and 1000 m3/ha, the grid is not needed, but for 3000 and 6000 m3/ha, grid energy rises significantly, reaching 5 and 14 GWh annually, respectively. When wind energy is also integrated, at night, it allows for reducing grid energy use by 60% for 3000 m3/ha of water allocation, yielding a positive lifetime cashflow (EUR 284,781). If the grid is replaced by batteries, it results in a lack of a robust backup and struggles to meet high water and energy needs. Economically, PV + wind + PHS + grid energy is the most attractive solution, reducing the dependence on auxiliary sources and benefiting from sales to the grid.

Country
Spain
Keywords

INGENIERIA HIDRAULICA, GRG nonlinear/evolutionary optimization, Hybrid renewable energy, 06.- Garantizar la disponibilidad y la gestión sostenible del agua y el saneamiento para todos, Multi-variables, Python model, Pumped hydropower storage (PHS), Non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II), Multi-objective optimization, PV solar energy, HY4RES, Water-energy nexus

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
views
OpenAIRE UsageCountsViews provided by UsageCounts
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7
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82
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