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Les conflits d’usage au prisme des stratégies patrimoniales

Regards croisés sur deux territoires forestiers à l’heure de la transition énergétique en France et au Québec
Authors: de Rouffignac, Aliénor; Banos, Vincent;

Les conflits d’usage au prisme des stratégies patrimoniales

Abstract

Dans cet article, nous questionnons l’évolution des conflits d’usage liés à la gestion des ressources et des espaces forestiers à l’heure de la transition énergétique. Utilisant les outils de l’économie patrimoniale, nous mettons l’accent sur les stratégies d’acteurs qui sous-tendent ces dynamiques conflictuelles, leurs mutations et leurs modalités de régulation. Notre réflexion s’appuie sur l’étude empirique de deux territoires forestiers : La Tuque, au Québec, et le massif des Landes de Gascogne, en France. La description historicisée de ces systèmes productifs et territoriaux montre d’abord que les frictions véhiculées par la transition énergétique tiennent tout autant à l’arrivée de nouveaux acteurs qu’au réveil de tensions entre usagers historiques. Nous soulignons aussi le pouvoir de régulation acquis par certains de ces usagers historiques. Cela nous amène à considérer que, si la transition énergétique renforce l’influence des logiques d’usages marchands de la ressource dans les choix de gestion forestière, tous les acteurs ne sont pas habilités à promouvoir ces nouvelles trajectoires.

Interrogamos la evolución de los conflictos de utilización relacionados con la gestión de recursos y de espacios forestales durante la transición energética. Gracias a instrumentos de economía patrimonial, acentuamos las estrategias de los protagonistas que soportan esas dinámicas conflictivas, sus mutaciones y sus modalidades de regulación. Nuestra reflexión se apoya sobre el estudio empírico de dos territorios forestales: el de la ciudad de La Tuque, Quebec y el del macizo de Landas de Gascuña, Francia. La descripción historiada de tales sistemas productivos y territoriales muestra que las fricciones vehiculadas por la transición energética se interesan tanto a la llegada de nuevos protagonistas que a la reanimación de tensiones, entre usuarios históricos. Señalamos también, el poder de regulación de algunos usuarios. Consideramos que, si la transición energética refuerza la influencia de las lógicas de los usuarios comerciantes de ese recurso en la opción de gestión forestal, todos los protagonistas no están habilitados para promover esas nuevas trayectorias.

This article questions the evolution of land-use conflict related to forest management at the time of the energy transition. Using the tools of patrimonial economics, it focuses on the actors’ strategies that underlie the conflictual dynamics, mutations, and modes of regulation. Our reflection is based on the empirical study of two forest territories: the city of La Tuque in Quebec and the Landes de Gascogne in France. First, the historical description of these productive and territorial systems shows that the frictions generated by the energy transition are as much due to the arrival of new actors as they are due to the reawakening of tensions between historical users. The article also highlights the regulatory power acquired by some of the stakeholders. This leads us to consider that even though the energy transition does influence forest management toward a more commercial approach, not all actors can support these new trajectories.

Keywords

transition énergétique, Forest management, Gestión forestal, conflits d’usage, heritage approach, transición energética, conflictos de utilización, energy transition, approche patrimoniale, enfoque patrimonial, land-use conflict, Gestion forestière

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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Average