Responses to Weather and Climate
Responses to Weather and Climate
How much do poor rural households rely on environmental extraction from natural ecosystems? And how does climate variability impact their livelihoods? This paper sheds light on these two questions with household income data from the Poverty and Environment Network pantropical data set, combined with climate data for the past three decades. The study finds that extraction of wild resources (from natural forests, bushlands, fallows, etc.) provides on average as much income (about 27 percent) as crops across the smallholder sample. The cross-section data on past reactions to household self-perceived economic shocks and observed production reactions to climate anomalies can, respectively, provide hints about livelihood vulnerability to current climate variability, which is likely to worsen with climate change. Forest extraction did not figure among the most favored response strategies to households’ self-perceived economic shocks, but households undertake subtle substitutions in sector production in response to weather anomalies that accentuate suboptimal climatic conditions for cropping. By relying more on forest extraction and wages, households compensate quite successfully for declining crop incomes. This paints a cautiously optimistic picture about fairly flexible rural livelihood reactions to current climate variability, and featuring forests as potentially important in household coping strategies.
- CGIAR France
- World Bank United States
- CGIAR Consortium France
- CGIAR France
- World Bank United States
INTERNATIONAL FORESTRY RESEARCH, WOOD PRODUCTS, poverty, PH, FOREST PRODUCTION, TROPICAL FORESTS, ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS, DURABLE GOODS, COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS, TERRESTRIAL CARBON, NATURAL FORESTS, CANOPY COVER, TERRESTRIAL CARBON CYCLE, EXTERNALITIES, AMAZON FOREST, ELASTICITIES, RAINFALL, LAND USE, EMISSIONS, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, NEGATIVE IMPACTS, VALUES, TEMPERATURE ANOMALIES, LABOR PRODUCTIVITY, CLIMATIC CONDITIONS, FOREST EXTRACTION, OPTIONS, climate change, FOREST COVER, ENTITLEMENTS, CRU, LABOR COSTS, HUMIDITY, LAKES, 330, MODELS, ANNUAL PRECIPITATION, FOREST PRODUCTS, FISHING, FOREST RESOURCES, WEATHER PATTERNS, FOREST MANAGEMENT, CALCIUM, CAPACITY, CLIMATES, LEAD, HYDROLOGY, FISH, VARIABLE COSTS, POLLUTION, PRICES, FOREST PLANTATIONS, WAGES, TIMBER, CALCIUM CARBONATE, STREAMS, GLOBAL WARMING, ENVIRONMENT, SINK, RAIN, EMISSIONS FROM DEFORESTATION, ENVIRONMENTAL, FOREST-COVER, TRADE, CLIMATIC VARIABILITY, WEATHER CONDITIONS, EQUILIBRIUM, POPULATION DENSITIES, CLIMATE SENSITIVITY, GLOBAL PRECIPITATION, CARBON CYCLE, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, CARBON LOSSES, ENVIRONMENTS, CARBON SINK, RESOURCES, CLIMATE RESEARCH UNIT, CLIMATE CHANGE, SUSTAINABLE FOREST, CARBON SINKS, ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, livelihoods, NUTRIENTS, STORMS, ELECTRICITY, FOREST DEGRADATION, BIOMASS, CARBON, LAND ECONOMICS, FORESTS, TROPICAL DEFORESTATION, ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES, FERTILIZATION, HURRICANES, POLITICAL ECONOMY, EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS, TEMPERATURE, DROUGHT, CLIMATE EFFECTS, RESOURCE USE, ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS, IPCC, ECONOMIES, households, FOREST PRODUCTIVITY, FOREST, PRECIPITATION ANOMALIES, ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION, PRECIPITATION, OPPORTUNITY COSTS, CO2, CERTAIN EXTENT, EQUITY, CLIMATOLOGY, LAND, FOREST USE, PROFITS, AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT, CREDIT, PAINTS, CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK, FOREST EDGE, TERRESTRIAL CARBON SINK, SUSTAINABLE USE, TROPICS, FOREST CONSERVATION, REDUCING EMISSIONS, FORESTRY, EXPECTATIONS, AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS, FLOODS, ECONOMICS, WIND, NATURAL RESOURCES, ECONOMIES OF SCALE, PLANT GROWTH, DRY FOREST, CLIMATE, ECOSYSTEM, DIMINISHING RETURNS, FOREST EDGES, DEFORESTATION, PRODUCTION PATTERNS, CAPITAL CONSTRAINTS, FOREST AREAS, ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS
INTERNATIONAL FORESTRY RESEARCH, WOOD PRODUCTS, poverty, PH, FOREST PRODUCTION, TROPICAL FORESTS, ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS, DURABLE GOODS, COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS, TERRESTRIAL CARBON, NATURAL FORESTS, CANOPY COVER, TERRESTRIAL CARBON CYCLE, EXTERNALITIES, AMAZON FOREST, ELASTICITIES, RAINFALL, LAND USE, EMISSIONS, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, NEGATIVE IMPACTS, VALUES, TEMPERATURE ANOMALIES, LABOR PRODUCTIVITY, CLIMATIC CONDITIONS, FOREST EXTRACTION, OPTIONS, climate change, FOREST COVER, ENTITLEMENTS, CRU, LABOR COSTS, HUMIDITY, LAKES, 330, MODELS, ANNUAL PRECIPITATION, FOREST PRODUCTS, FISHING, FOREST RESOURCES, WEATHER PATTERNS, FOREST MANAGEMENT, CALCIUM, CAPACITY, CLIMATES, LEAD, HYDROLOGY, FISH, VARIABLE COSTS, POLLUTION, PRICES, FOREST PLANTATIONS, WAGES, TIMBER, CALCIUM CARBONATE, STREAMS, GLOBAL WARMING, ENVIRONMENT, SINK, RAIN, EMISSIONS FROM DEFORESTATION, ENVIRONMENTAL, FOREST-COVER, TRADE, CLIMATIC VARIABILITY, WEATHER CONDITIONS, EQUILIBRIUM, POPULATION DENSITIES, CLIMATE SENSITIVITY, GLOBAL PRECIPITATION, CARBON CYCLE, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, CARBON LOSSES, ENVIRONMENTS, CARBON SINK, RESOURCES, CLIMATE RESEARCH UNIT, CLIMATE CHANGE, SUSTAINABLE FOREST, CARBON SINKS, ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, livelihoods, NUTRIENTS, STORMS, ELECTRICITY, FOREST DEGRADATION, BIOMASS, CARBON, LAND ECONOMICS, FORESTS, TROPICAL DEFORESTATION, ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES, FERTILIZATION, HURRICANES, POLITICAL ECONOMY, EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS, TEMPERATURE, DROUGHT, CLIMATE EFFECTS, RESOURCE USE, ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS, IPCC, ECONOMIES, households, FOREST PRODUCTIVITY, FOREST, PRECIPITATION ANOMALIES, ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION, PRECIPITATION, OPPORTUNITY COSTS, CO2, CERTAIN EXTENT, EQUITY, CLIMATOLOGY, LAND, FOREST USE, PROFITS, AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT, CREDIT, PAINTS, CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK, FOREST EDGE, TERRESTRIAL CARBON SINK, SUSTAINABLE USE, TROPICS, FOREST CONSERVATION, REDUCING EMISSIONS, FORESTRY, EXPECTATIONS, AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS, FLOODS, ECONOMICS, WIND, NATURAL RESOURCES, ECONOMIES OF SCALE, PLANT GROWTH, DRY FOREST, CLIMATE, ECOSYSTEM, DIMINISHING RETURNS, FOREST EDGES, DEFORESTATION, PRODUCTION PATTERNS, CAPITAL CONSTRAINTS, FOREST AREAS, ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS
citations This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).0 popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.Average influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).Average impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.Average
Citations provided by BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!