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Biyodizel kullanılan dizel motorlarda NOx emisyonlarının ve NOx emisyonları azaltma yöntemlerinin incelenmesi

Investigation of NOx emissions in diesel engines fuelled with biodiesel and NOx reduction methods
Authors: Aydoğan, Bilal;

Biyodizel kullanılan dizel motorlarda NOx emisyonlarının ve NOx emisyonları azaltma yöntemlerinin incelenmesi

Abstract

Biyodizel yakıtlar sıkıştırma ateşlemeli motorlar için yenilenebilir alternatif yakıtlar olarak incelemeye alınmaktadır. Biyodizel yakıtlar farklı oranlarda sıkıştırma ateşlemeli motorlarda değişiklik yapılmadan kullanılabilir yakıtlardır. Biyodizel ile dizel yakıt No.2 arasında önemli bir yapısal fark biyodizelin kütlesel bazda %10-12 arasında oksijen içermesidir. Bu da motorun tork ve gücünü azaltmaya sebep olacak yakıtın ısıl değerinin düşmesine sebep olmaktadır. Bununla birlikte, yakıt içerisindeki oksijen yanmanın iyileşmesine ve dolayısı ile is, CO ve HC gibi emisyonların azalmasına sebep olmaktadır. Bitkisel yağların içersinde dizel yakıta göre çok az kükürt bulunmasından dolayı, karışımdaki biyodizel oranına bağlı olarak SO2 emisyonunda azalma olmaktadır. Biyodizelin emisyonlar açısından en önemli dezavantajı NOx ile ilgilidir. NOx emisyonları motor yakıt sistemi, motor tipi ve motor yükü gibi parametrelere bağlı olarak değişse de genel olarak biyodizel kullanımı ile yakıt içerisindeki oksijenden ve yanma odasındaki yüksek sıcaklıktan dolayı NOx emisyonlarında artma olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, kanola, atık bitkisel yağlar, tütün tohumu yağı ve sabun stoklarından katalizör olarak sodyum hidroksit/ sülfürik asit, alkol olarak metanol kullanılarak laboratuar ortamında biyodizel üretimleri yapılmıştır. Üretilen biyodizeller farklı oranlarda oda sıcaklığında düşük kükürtlü dizel yakıt ile karıştırılmıştır. Karışımlar ve dizel yakıt No.2, ön yanma odalı turbo dizel bir motorda tam yükte farklı dönme sayılarında test edilmiştir. Dizel Yakıt No.2'ye biyodizel ilavesinin NOx, CO, SO2, is ve performans parametrelerine etkileri incelenmiştir. Ayrıca sıkıştırma ateşlemeli motorlarda NOx azaltma yöntemleri üzerinde araştırmalar gerçekleştirilmiştir.

Biodiesels have been considered as alternative renewable fuels for compression ignition (CI) engines. Biodiesel can be used in different proportions in CI engines without any modification. There is an important compositional difference between biodiesels and the diesel fuel. Biodiesels contain approximately 10?12% oxygen in weight basis. This leads to reduction in the energy content of the fuel resulting in lower engine torque and power. However, the oxygen in the fuel helps to reduce exhaust emissions such as smoke, CO and HC mainly due to the effect of complete combustion. Since vegetable oils includes very little sulphur compared to the diesel fuel No.2, some reduction in SO2 emission is obtained depending on the proportion of biodiesel in the fuel. The main disadvantage of biodiesel on emissions is related to NOx. Although NOx emissions mainly depend on the engine fuelling system, engine type and engine loading, in general biodiesel usage increases NOx emissions due to oxygen content of the fuel and higher temperatures of combustion chamber. In this study, biodiesels were produced from canola oil, tobacco seed oil, soap stocks and waste vegetable oils using sodium hydroxide/sulphuric acid as catalyst and methanol as alcohol in laboratory conditions. The produced biodiesels were blended with low sulphur diesel fuel No.2 in different proportions at the room temperature. The blends and diesel fuel No.2 were tested in an indirect injection turbocharged diesel engine at full load and different engine speeds. The effects of the biodiesel addition to diesel fuel No.2 on NOx, CO, SO2, smoke and performance parameters were investigated. In addition, different NOx reduction techniques in compression ignition engines were examined.

81

Country
Turkey
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Keywords

660, 330, Mechanical Engineering, Diesel engines, NOx, Makine Mühendisliği, 620, Egzoz Emisyonları, Biyodizel, Emissions, Exhaust emissions, Biodiesel, Diesel Engines, Dizel Motor

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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