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Jackknife-After-Bootstrap Standard Errors and Influence Functions

SUMMARY This paper shows how to derive more information from a bootstrap analysis, information about the accuracy of the usual bootstrap estimates. Suppose that we observe data x = (x 1 x 2, . . ., xn), compute a statistic of interest s(x) and further compute B bootstrap replications of s, say s(x*1) s(x*2), . . ., s(x*B), where B is some large number like 1000. Various accuracy measures for s(x) can be obtained from the bootstrap values, e.g. the bootstrap estimates of standard error and bias, or the length and shape of bootstrap confidence intervals. We might wonder how accurate these accuracy measures themselves are, or how sensitive they are to small changes in the individual data points xi. It turns out that these questions can be answered from the information in the original bootstrap sample s* 1 s* 2, . . ., s*B, with no further resampling required. The answers, which make use of the jackknife and delta method influence functions, are easy to apply and can give informative results, as shown by several examples.
- Stanford University United States
citations This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).164 popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.Top 1% influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).Top 1% impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.Top 10%
