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Balanço e poupança energética na distribuição de águas numa fábrica de papel

Authors: Saganha, Nuno Miguel Gonçalves;

Balanço e poupança energética na distribuição de águas numa fábrica de papel

Abstract

Nesta dissertação foi feita uma análise energética à área de distribuição e arrefecimento de águas, de uma fábrica de papel, com o objectivo de seguir as orientações propostas pelo SGCIE (Sistema de Gestão dos Consumos Intensivos de Energia). Este sistema de gestão é regulado segundo o decreto-lei 71/2008 de 15 de Abril e pressupõe um balanço energético da instalação, que neste caso trata-se de uma área sectorial que só representa cerca de 5 % do consumo total de energia da fábrica. Após o balanço é feita uma auditoria à instalação com o objectivo de propor alterações que aumentem a eficiência energética, reduzindo consumos e rácios de emissão de CO2 sem prejudicar o processo produtivo. Foram feitos estudos da rentabilidade da alteração de motores eléctricos por outros com maior rendimento, do aproveitamento térmico das águas de retorno da unidade fabril, das medidas para redução do consumo do ar comprimido e aumento da eficiência na sua produção e da aplicação prática de variadores de frequência em diversas bombas centrífugas para transporte de água. Em conclusão, o aproveitamento térmico das águas de retorno, mediante a aplicação de um permutador de calor e algumas alterações na distribuição da água, provou ser capaz de poupanças em energia térmica na ordem dos 14%, relativamente à área de distribuição e arrefecimento de águas. Concluiu-se também, que a aplicação de variadores de frequência em bombas centrífugas é igualmente bastante rentável, permitindo poupanças de energia eléctrica superiores a 7% da área total auditada.

The main objective of this thesis is the energy analysis of the distribution and water cooling system in a paper mill in order to comply with the guidelines proposed by SGCIE (Management System for Intensive Energy Consumers). This management system is regulated according to the Decree-Law 71/2008 of 15 April and requires an energy balance of the installation, which in this case, includes a sectorial area that only represents about 5% of the total energy consumption in all the plant. The energy balance was followed by a detailed audit of the installation with the aim to recommend changes that will increase energy efficiency, reducing fuel consumption and CO2 emissions, without negatively affecting the production process. Studies were made showing the relevance of changing electric motors by others with higher efficiency, of the thermal recovery of returned water, of the actions to reduce compressed air consumption and increase efficiency and the practical application of variable frequency motors to several centrifugal pumps. In conclusion, the thermal recovery of returned water, through the application of a heat exchanger and some modifications in the water distribution, proved to be able to reach savings of around 14% in thermal energy, relative to the area of the distribution and water cooling. It is also concluded, that the application of variable frequency drives on centrifugal pumps is also fairly cost effective, with electrical power savings of more than 7% of the analyzed installation.

Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia Mecânica

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

SGCIE, Electricity, Energy audit, Electric efficiency, Auditoria energética, 620.92, 676, CO2, VEV, Thermal energy, Eficiência energética, Energia térmica, Energia eléctrica

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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Energy Research