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Universidade do Minho: RepositoriUM
Doctoral thesis . 2022
License: CC BY NC ND
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
Universidade do Minho: RepositoriUM
Other literature type . 2022
License: CC BY NC ND
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Sistema integrado para tração e carregamento de baterias de veículos elétricos com interface universal com a rede elétrica

Authors: Sousa, Tiago José da Cunha;

Sistema integrado para tração e carregamento de baterias de veículos elétricos com interface universal com a rede elétrica

Abstract

The consumption of electrical energy has been increasing decade by decade since last century. This increase has been leading to a continuous energy resources shortage, as is the case of fossil fuels which, in an aggravating way, have the disadvantage of contributing to the greenhouse effect, causing damage to the planet. In an effort to alleviate fossil fuels dependency, electric vehicles (EVs) appear as one of the most promising agents towards a sustainable planet with lower levels of environmental pollution. Besides the electric mobility paradigm, the EV plays a decisive role as a power grid support mechanism, since it is possible for battery charging systems to allow bidirectional operation. Hence, it is expected for the EV to be part of the solution instead of the problem for the power grid point of view, i.e., avoiding its congestion due to simultaneous battery charging of several EVs. It should be referred that electrical power quality must be also taken into consideration regarding EVs. Regarding the power electronics converters that integrate an EV, conventionally based on a traction system to drive the electric machine and a battery charging system that is used for slow battery charging, an approach can be performed towards converter optimization, namely by unifying both systems. With such approach, it is possible to drive the EV electric machine and perform the interface with the power grid for battery charging operation using the same power converters, which not only reduces the weight and cost of the employed power electronics but also endows the EV with an on-board fast battery charging system. In this context, the present document has as main goal the proposal of an integrated system for traction and battery charging of EVs with the possibility of interfacing power grids of the alternating current (AC) type, namely single-phase and three-phase AC power grids, and with power grids of the direct current (DC) type, using the same equipment in all cases. Furthermore, all interface modes allow bidirectional operation, therefore not restraining the EV to the operation as a mere load to the power grid but also as a support mechanism, being able to behave as such in any of the aforementioned types of power grids. The system proposed in this dissertation is initially validated through computational simulations, being afterwards designed and assembled an experimental prototype which was then validated in a workbench.

O consumo de energia elétrica tem aumentado de década para década desde o século passado. Este aumento tem levado a uma crescente escassez de recursos energéticos como os combustíveis fósseis que, de forma agravante, têm a desvantagem de contribuir para o efeito de estufa, causando problemas ao planeta. De forma a atenuar a dependência dos combustíveis fósseis, os veículos elétricos (VEs) surgem como uma das principais promessas visando um planeta sustentável e com menores níveis de poluição ambiental. Para além do paradigma da mobilidade elétrica, o VE representa um papel fulcral como mecanismo de suporte à rede elétrica, uma vez que é possível que os sistemas de carregamento de baterias permitam uma operação bidirecional. Desta forma, é expectável que o VE seja uma solução e não um problema para a rede elétrica, i.e., evitando o seu congestionamento devido ao carregamento simultâneo das baterias de vários VEs. De referir que a qualidade de energia elétrica (QEE) deve ser também tida em consideração no que concerne os VEs. Em termos de otimização dos conversores de eletrónica de potência integrantes de um VE, uma abordagem passa por unificar o sistema de tração da máquina elétrica e o sistema de carregamento de baterias, dotando o VE de um sistema de carregamento de baterias on-board rápido, para além de reduzir ao peso e custo da eletrónica utilizada. Como tal, é possível acionar a máquina elétrica do VE e fazer a interface com a rede elétrica para carregamento das baterias utilizando os mesmos conversores. Assim sendo, este documento tem como objetivo propor um sistema integrado para tração e carregamento de baterias de VEs com possibilidade de interface com redes de corrente alternada (CA), monofásicas e trifásicas, e com redes de corrente contínua (CC), utilizando o mesmo equipamento em todos os casos. Para além disso, em todos os modos de interface é contemplada operação bidirecional, pelo que o sistema proposto não se cinge à operação do VE como uma carga para a rede elétrica mas também como mecanismo de suporte, podendo fazê-lo para qualquer um dos tipos de rede elétrica mencionados. O sistema proposto nesta tese é inicialmente validado recorrendo a simulações computacionais, tendo sido elaborado um protótipo laboratorial e posteriormente validado em bancada.

Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) pelo financiamento da minha bolsa de doutoramento com a referência SFRH/BD/134353/2017 e pelo projeto de investigação DAIPESEV com a referência PTDC/EEI-EEE/30382/2017.

Programa Doutoral em Engenharia Eletrónica e de Computadores Eletrónica de Potência e Sistemas de Energia

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Integrated Systems, Veículos Elétricos, Smart Grids, Sistemas de Carregamento de Baterias, Battery Charging Systems, Sistemas de Tração, Traction Systems, Electric Vehicles, Sistemas Integrados, Engenharia e Tecnologia::Engenharia Eletrotécnica, Eletrónica e Informática

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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