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Discours du gouvernement canadien sur l’environnement : l’approbation du projet Bay du Nord

Authors: Grosbusch, Oriana;

Discours du gouvernement canadien sur l’environnement : l’approbation du projet Bay du Nord

Abstract

Depuis son arrivée au pouvoir en 2015, le premier ministre du Canada, Justin Trudeau, qualifie son gouvernement de progressiste sur le plan environnemental en raison de son engagement de réduire les émissions des GES. Malgré ces promesses, le ministre de l’Environnement et du Changement climatique, Steven Guilbeault, le 6 avril 2022, a approuvé le projet pétrolier Bay du Nord. Ce mémoire de maîtrise a pour objet le discours politique sur l’environnement qui a recours à une stratégie de communication relevant de l’écoblanchiment. Il répond à la question suivante : comment le gouvernement Trudeau justifie-t-il l’approbation du projet Bay du Nord sur le plan discursif à la lumière de ses engagements climatiques ? Cette recherche repose sur une méthodologie mixte en ce qu’elle combine une analyse de contenu quantitative avec une analyse critique de discours. Ces approches s’appuient sur des considérations théoriques relatives au cadrage en communication et à l’écoblanchiment en marketing et en science politique. L’étude détaillée de trente-quatre sources primaires émanant des libéraux permet d’observer que le gouvernement fédéral justifie la décision d’approuver ce projet pétrolier à l’aide d’arguments susceptibles d’être regroupés dans quatre cadres, ici énumérés par ordre décroissant d’importance : légitimation politique (51 % des arguments), économique (33 %), environnemental (24 %), éthique (17 %). Une comparaison avec dix-neuf sources primaires issues des conservateurs est effectuée afin de contextualiser et d’interpréter les résultats concernant l’apologie libérale du projet et d’en dégager l’intention d’écoblanchiment, laquelle peut prendre également la forme d’une dépolitisation de l’ensemble de la problématique.

Since taking office in 2015, Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau has positioned his administration as a leader of environmental progress by pledging to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Despite these commitments, on April 6, 2022, the Minister of the Environment and Climate Change, Steven Guilbeault, approved the Bay du Nord Oil Project. This master’s thesis focuses on political discourse that employs a greenwashing communication strategy and seeks to answer the following question: How does the Trudeau government discursively justify the approval of the Bay du Nord project considering its climate commitments? The research relies on a mixed-method approach, combining quantitative content analysis with critical discourse analysis. These methods are grounded in theoretical frameworks derived from framing in communication, greenwashing in marketing and political science. A detailed study of thirty-four primary sources from the Liberals enables us to observe that the federal government justifies the decision to approve this oil project using arguments that can be grouped into four frames, listed here in decreasing order of importance: political legitimation (51% of arguments), economic (33%), environmental (24%), ethical (17%). A comparison with nineteen primary sources from the Conservative Party of Canada is carried out in order to contextualize and interpret the findings concerning the Liberal apologia of the project and to identify the intention of greenwashing, which can also take the form of a depoliticization of the whole issue.

Country
Canada
Related Organizations
Keywords

Changement climatique, Canada, Écoblanchiment, Depoliticization, Communication politique, Environment, Discourse, Dépolitisation, Bay du Nord oil project, Environnement, Greenwashing, Political communication, Discours, Climate change, Framing, Cadrage, Projet pétrolier Bay du Nord

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green
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Energy Research