Most explanations for the origin of hominin bipedality cannot be comparatively tested, because there are no other striding bipeds among mammals. However, there are other mammals that stand bipedally for long periods of time. One such is the gerenuk (Litocranius walleri), an African gazelle that browses while standing bipedally, with extended hips and knees and a marked lumbar lordosis. Despite these behavioral resemblances to humans, Richter’s (1970) extensive comparative study of gerenuk anatomy found only one skeletal apomorphy specifically related to bipedality – namely, a reduction in the lumbar spinous processes, which permits that lumbar lordosis. Our data show that gerenuks lack two other features – an expanded cranial sector of the acetabular semilunar surface, and “wedging” of the lumbar vertebral bodies – that we had expected from their bipedal positional behavior. We infer that even prolonged and extensive postural bipedality results in little or no postcranial remodeling, unless selection favoring the maintenance of efficient quadrupedal locomotion is relaxed. This conclusion undercuts theories, such as Hunt’s (1994) “postural feeding hypothesis,” that portray early hominin postcranial apomorphies as having originated as adaptations to bipedal feeding postures rather than to bipedal locomotion.