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2020
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Ανάλυση δεδομένων δέσμης και κοσμικών μιονίων με τον ανιχνευτή ProtoDUNE στο εργαστήριο CERN

Authors: Melas Pantelis;

Ανάλυση δεδομένων δέσμης και κοσμικών μιονίων με τον ανιχνευτή ProtoDUNE στο εργαστήριο CERN

Abstract

Το πείραμα DUNE φιλοξενείται από το Εθνικό Εργαστήριο Επιταχυντών Fermi στο Σικάγο, IL, ΗΠΑ, το μεγαλύτερο εργαστήριο φυσικής σωματιδίων και με τον μεγαλύτερο επιταχυντή στις Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες. Το πείραμα DUNE θα στείλει μια έντονη δέσμη νετρίνων 1300 χιλιομέτρων μέσω της γης από το Fermilab στη Νότια Ντακότα. Εκεί, περίπου 1.5 χιλιόμετρα υπογείως, ένας γιγαντιαίος ανιχνευτής νετρίνων υγρού-αργού 70 kt, θα αναλύσει πώς συμπεριφέρονται αυτά τα νετρίνα και αλληλεπιδρούν, μελετώντας τις ταλαντώσεις των νετρίνων μεταξύ των νετρίνων του μιονίου και του ηλεκτρονίου. Το ProtoDUNE-SP είναι ένα πρωτότυπο του μακρινού ανιχνευτή του DUNE και είναι σε δεξαμενή 7.2 x 6.9 x 6 μέτρων που περιέχει περίπου 800 τόνους υγρού αργού. Αυτός ο πρωτότυπος ανιχνευτής βρίσκεται στο εργαστήριο του CERN, στη Γενεύη της Ελβετίας, όπου έχει εκτεθεί σε αδρονικές δέσμες, σε δέσμη ποζιτρονίων αλλά και σε κοσμικά σωματίδια. Τα κοσμικά μιόνια είναι ένα ”πρότυπο κερί” και όλοι οι ανιχνευτές που βρίσκονται υπογείως ή στην επιφάνεια χρησιμοποιούν αυτά για μελέτες σταθερότητας και ανακατασκευής, αλλά και για μετρήσεις φυσικής. Θα περιγράψουμε και θα αναφερθούμε σε τέτοιες μελέτες που διεξάγονται στο πλαίσιο αυτής της MSc διατριβής, αποτελώντας τις πρώτες του είδους τους με τον ανιχνευτή ProtoDUNE-SP. Τέλος, θα παρουσιάσουμε συγκρίσεις κοσμικών μιονίων και γεγονότων δέσμης με τη χρήση μιας σύγχρονης ανακατασκευής ροής σωματιδίων (PandoraPFA) που εφαρμόζεται στο ProtoDUNE-SP The DUNE experiment is hosted by Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory at Chicago, IL, USA, the largest particle physics and accelerator laboratory in the United States. The DUNE experiment will send an intense neutrino beam 1300 kilometers through the earth from Fermilab to South Dakota. There, about 1.5 kilometers underground, a gigantic 70 kT liquid-argon neutrino detector, will analyze how those neutrinos behave and interact, studying neutrino oscillations between muon and electron neutrinos. The ProtoDUNE-SP is a prototype of the DUNE far detector, and is a 7,2 x 6,9 x 6-meter tank containing about 800 tonnes of liquid argon. This prototype detector is located at the CERN laboratory, in Geneva, Switzerland, where it has been exposed to beams of electrons, pions, muons and cosmic particles. Cosmic muons is a “standard candle” and all underground, or surface, detectors use those for time stability and reconstruction studies, but also for physics measurements. We will describe and report on such studies conducted in the context of this MSc thesis, constituting the first of their kind with the ProDUNE-SP detector. We will also present comparisons of cosmic muon and beam induced events with the use of a state-of-the-art particle flow reconstruction (PandoraPFA) implemented in ProtoDUNE-SP. Finally, we will present prospects on future studies and on-going physics measurements.

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