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  • Energy Research
  • 2025-2025
  • NL
  • US
  • RU
  • Aurora Universities Network

  • Authors: van der Goot, Emma S.; Hameleers, Michael; de Ridder, Jeroen;

    Conflict framing-the emphasis on clashing political positions, or the reproach of one actor to another-is central in political coverage and politics. This chapter discusses its conceptualization and the subsequent consequences for citizens' political attitudes and behavior. Previous research on conflict framing has yielded mixed results, showcasing conflicts' potential to inform and engage citizens alongside fostering cynicism and polarization. In this chapter, we argue that, to understand these divergent findings, it is necessary to distinguish between different types of conflicts. To address the fragmented literature on conflict and negativity, we propose a typology of various conflict types. This typology is exemplified through a hypothetical conflict scenario centered around climate change. We evaluate the moral, political, and epistemic implications of distinct conflict frames and propose conditions under which conflicts can positively contribute to deliberative democracy. Our typology provides a starting point for further investigations into the effects of conflict frames.

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  • Authors: van der Goot, Emma S.; Hameleers, Michael; de Ridder, Jeroen;

    Conflict framing-the emphasis on clashing political positions, or the reproach of one actor to another-is central in political coverage and politics. This chapter discusses its conceptualization and the subsequent consequences for citizens' political attitudes and behavior. Previous research on conflict framing has yielded mixed results, showcasing conflicts' potential to inform and engage citizens alongside fostering cynicism and polarization. In this chapter, we argue that, to understand these divergent findings, it is necessary to distinguish between different types of conflicts. To address the fragmented literature on conflict and negativity, we propose a typology of various conflict types. This typology is exemplified through a hypothetical conflict scenario centered around climate change. We evaluate the moral, political, and epistemic implications of distinct conflict frames and propose conditions under which conflicts can positively contribute to deliberative democracy. Our typology provides a starting point for further investigations into the effects of conflict frames.

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  • Authors: Wang, Rong; Hasanefendic, Sandra; Bossink, Bart;

    Grid parity is considered the tipping point of economic competitiveness of PV systems. However, accurately determining when grid parity is achieved hinges on the reliability and precision of the methodologies and data employed. This paper systematically reviews existing methods for assessing PV grid parity, proposes a structured three-step framework for grid parity assessment, and identifies the potential enhancements for more accurate evaluation outcomes. The framework begins with the calculation of PV costs using the Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) method, continues with predicting PV cost trends through learning curves, and is completed by benchmarking PV costs against electricity prices. Our findings reveal that most current PV cost calculations for grid parity primarily rely on the LCOE method, which can be enhanced by incorporating modifications for integration costs, revenues, PV performance metrics, regional-specific characteristics, and uncertainties. Moreover, learning curve models used to predict PV cost trends can be refined by tailoring learning rates and model formulations to reflect specific stages of technological development and regional differences. Additionally, the results suggest that electricity prices used in grid parity assessment can be adjusted to reflect the impact of policies and market dynamics. This comprehensive review provides a robust framework for assessing grid parity and serves as an essential reference for conducting more precise techno-economic feasibility assessment of PV systems.

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  • Authors: Wang, Rong; Hasanefendic, Sandra; Bossink, Bart;

    Grid parity is considered the tipping point of economic competitiveness of PV systems. However, accurately determining when grid parity is achieved hinges on the reliability and precision of the methodologies and data employed. This paper systematically reviews existing methods for assessing PV grid parity, proposes a structured three-step framework for grid parity assessment, and identifies the potential enhancements for more accurate evaluation outcomes. The framework begins with the calculation of PV costs using the Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) method, continues with predicting PV cost trends through learning curves, and is completed by benchmarking PV costs against electricity prices. Our findings reveal that most current PV cost calculations for grid parity primarily rely on the LCOE method, which can be enhanced by incorporating modifications for integration costs, revenues, PV performance metrics, regional-specific characteristics, and uncertainties. Moreover, learning curve models used to predict PV cost trends can be refined by tailoring learning rates and model formulations to reflect specific stages of technological development and regional differences. Additionally, the results suggest that electricity prices used in grid parity assessment can be adjusted to reflect the impact of policies and market dynamics. This comprehensive review provides a robust framework for assessing grid parity and serves as an essential reference for conducting more precise techno-economic feasibility assessment of PV systems.

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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Ao Liu; Rong Liu; Feiya Lei; Jiazheng Wang; +4 Authors

    Climate change is expected to alter the population dynamics of pioneer tree species and their planned use in sustainable forest management, but we have a limited understanding of how their demographic rates change in response to climate changes during ecological restoration. Based on 12 years of demographic data for a pioneer tree species (Pinus massoniana) censused in three plots that correspond to three stages of ecological restoration in southeastern China. We built integral projection models (IPMs) to assess vital rates (survival, growth, reproduction) and population growth in each plot, then evaluated demographic changes to simulated changes in seasonal mean temperature and precipitation in the current and previous census period. The plot representing the medium restoration stage had the highest population growth rate (λ = 0.983). Mean population survival probability increased with ecological restoration, and reproduction probability was significantly suppressed at the high restoration stage. Survival is always the most important vital rate for λ, and climate affects λ primarily via survival at each restoration stage. The current spring temperature was the most critical climate variable for λ in the low and medium restoration stages, and previous summer temperature was most critical in the high restoration stage. Simulated warming leads to a decrease in the stochastic population growth rate (λs) of P. massoniana in every stage. These findings suggest that during ecological restoration, P. massoniana responds to habitat change via modified demographic performance, thus altering its response to climate change. Despite diverse responses to climate change, the persistence of P. massoniana populations is facing a widespread threat of warming states at each restoration stages.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Journal of Forestry ...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Journal of Forestry Research
    Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Springer Nature TDM
    Data sources: Crossref
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Journal of Forestry ...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Journal of Forestry Research
      Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
      License: Springer Nature TDM
      Data sources: Crossref
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Ao Liu; Rong Liu; Feiya Lei; Jiazheng Wang; +4 Authors

    Climate change is expected to alter the population dynamics of pioneer tree species and their planned use in sustainable forest management, but we have a limited understanding of how their demographic rates change in response to climate changes during ecological restoration. Based on 12 years of demographic data for a pioneer tree species (Pinus massoniana) censused in three plots that correspond to three stages of ecological restoration in southeastern China. We built integral projection models (IPMs) to assess vital rates (survival, growth, reproduction) and population growth in each plot, then evaluated demographic changes to simulated changes in seasonal mean temperature and precipitation in the current and previous census period. The plot representing the medium restoration stage had the highest population growth rate (λ = 0.983). Mean population survival probability increased with ecological restoration, and reproduction probability was significantly suppressed at the high restoration stage. Survival is always the most important vital rate for λ, and climate affects λ primarily via survival at each restoration stage. The current spring temperature was the most critical climate variable for λ in the low and medium restoration stages, and previous summer temperature was most critical in the high restoration stage. Simulated warming leads to a decrease in the stochastic population growth rate (λs) of P. massoniana in every stage. These findings suggest that during ecological restoration, P. massoniana responds to habitat change via modified demographic performance, thus altering its response to climate change. Despite diverse responses to climate change, the persistence of P. massoniana populations is facing a widespread threat of warming states at each restoration stages.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Journal of Forestry ...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Journal of Forestry Research
    Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Springer Nature TDM
    Data sources: Crossref
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Journal of Forestry ...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Journal of Forestry Research
      Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
      License: Springer Nature TDM
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Willem Viveen; Jeroen M. Schoorl; Ronald T. van Balen; Nik Trabucho; +1 Authors

    Periglacial alluvial fans are common in northwestern and central Europe and their pre-Holocene stratigraphic records typically date back to late Middle Pleniglacial and Late Pleniglacial (late MIS3 and 2). Preserved stratigraphic records that include an entire interglacial-glacial cycle have, so far, not been described and it is thus unknown how periglacial alluvial fans responded during a full cycle of interglacial-glacial climate changes. In this paper, we reconstruct the evolution of the Eerbeek periglacial alluvial fan in the Netherlands which was deposited during the late Saalian (MIS 6) to late Weichselian (MIS 2) period, including the entire last interglacial–glacial cycle (MIS 5-2). Our reconstruction is based on 48, up-to 45-m deep borehole and Cone Penetration Test (CPT) logs that allowed the construction of an 8-km long longitudinal and a 7-km long transverse cross section over the Eerbeek periglacial alluvial fan. Age control was provided by means of 17, previously published, Optically Stimulated Luminescence ages of two boreholes on the fan, and 14 14C ages from three boreholes and a nearby, now abandoned, quarry.Overlying a thick, late Saalian (MIS 6) alluvial fan record, is a 4- to 18-m thick alternation of distinct organic (mainly peat and humic clays), siliciclastic alluvial fan (coarse- and medium-grained sands), Rhine (coarse- and medium grained sands), and aeolian (mainly medium-grained sands) stratigraphic units. Organic levels indicate fan stability during the Eemian interglacial (MIS 5e), and Brørup (MIS 5c), Odderade–Ognon interstadial complex (MIS 5a), and Middle Pleniglacial (MIS 3) interstadials 14, 13, 12 and 11 as well as late MIS 2 interstadial 1a. Clastic sediments indicate alluvial fan activity during the Herning (MIS 5d), Rederstall (MIS 5b), Ognon stadial complex (late MIS 5a), Early Pleniglacial (MIS 4) and upper Middle Pleniglacial (upper MIS 3) stadials 13, 12 and 11. Sediments from the coldest and driest period of the Last Glacial (late MIS 3 and MIS 2) are absent and following a phase of aeolian activity, the fan was only reactivated at the MIS 2 to MIS 1 transition (stadial 1). We attribute the absence of fan activity during the coldest period of the last interglacial-glacial cycle to the eastward orientation of the fan making it less sensitive to permafrost melt.The colder MIS substages and stadials in which the Eerbeek fan was active coincided with the presence of permafrost and/or a seasonal, deeply frozen soil, and a relatively humid climate during which vegetation was largely absent. The presence of channels that dissect the underlying organic units suggests that the Eerbeek fan initially responded to the changes from interstadials to stadials by means of erosion. As climate cooled and permafrost/deep frost developed, the fan switched to alluvial aggradation. The consistent presence of coarsening-fining upward sequences suggests a relation with cycles of increased overland flow due to increasingly more frozen subsoil conditions. The fan stratigraphy therefore shows the direct coupling between warmer-colder MIS substages and interstadial-stadial climate cyclicity and alluvial fan response over the entire last interglacial-glacial cycle.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Research@WURarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Quaternary Science Reviews
    Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Research@WURarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Research@WUR
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Quaternary Science Reviews
      Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Willem Viveen; Jeroen M. Schoorl; Ronald T. van Balen; Nik Trabucho; +1 Authors

    Periglacial alluvial fans are common in northwestern and central Europe and their pre-Holocene stratigraphic records typically date back to late Middle Pleniglacial and Late Pleniglacial (late MIS3 and 2). Preserved stratigraphic records that include an entire interglacial-glacial cycle have, so far, not been described and it is thus unknown how periglacial alluvial fans responded during a full cycle of interglacial-glacial climate changes. In this paper, we reconstruct the evolution of the Eerbeek periglacial alluvial fan in the Netherlands which was deposited during the late Saalian (MIS 6) to late Weichselian (MIS 2) period, including the entire last interglacial–glacial cycle (MIS 5-2). Our reconstruction is based on 48, up-to 45-m deep borehole and Cone Penetration Test (CPT) logs that allowed the construction of an 8-km long longitudinal and a 7-km long transverse cross section over the Eerbeek periglacial alluvial fan. Age control was provided by means of 17, previously published, Optically Stimulated Luminescence ages of two boreholes on the fan, and 14 14C ages from three boreholes and a nearby, now abandoned, quarry.Overlying a thick, late Saalian (MIS 6) alluvial fan record, is a 4- to 18-m thick alternation of distinct organic (mainly peat and humic clays), siliciclastic alluvial fan (coarse- and medium-grained sands), Rhine (coarse- and medium grained sands), and aeolian (mainly medium-grained sands) stratigraphic units. Organic levels indicate fan stability during the Eemian interglacial (MIS 5e), and Brørup (MIS 5c), Odderade–Ognon interstadial complex (MIS 5a), and Middle Pleniglacial (MIS 3) interstadials 14, 13, 12 and 11 as well as late MIS 2 interstadial 1a. Clastic sediments indicate alluvial fan activity during the Herning (MIS 5d), Rederstall (MIS 5b), Ognon stadial complex (late MIS 5a), Early Pleniglacial (MIS 4) and upper Middle Pleniglacial (upper MIS 3) stadials 13, 12 and 11. Sediments from the coldest and driest period of the Last Glacial (late MIS 3 and MIS 2) are absent and following a phase of aeolian activity, the fan was only reactivated at the MIS 2 to MIS 1 transition (stadial 1). We attribute the absence of fan activity during the coldest period of the last interglacial-glacial cycle to the eastward orientation of the fan making it less sensitive to permafrost melt.The colder MIS substages and stadials in which the Eerbeek fan was active coincided with the presence of permafrost and/or a seasonal, deeply frozen soil, and a relatively humid climate during which vegetation was largely absent. The presence of channels that dissect the underlying organic units suggests that the Eerbeek fan initially responded to the changes from interstadials to stadials by means of erosion. As climate cooled and permafrost/deep frost developed, the fan switched to alluvial aggradation. The consistent presence of coarsening-fining upward sequences suggests a relation with cycles of increased overland flow due to increasingly more frozen subsoil conditions. The fan stratigraphy therefore shows the direct coupling between warmer-colder MIS substages and interstadial-stadial climate cyclicity and alluvial fan response over the entire last interglacial-glacial cycle.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Research@WURarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Quaternary Science Reviews
    Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Research@WURarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Quaternary Science Reviews
      Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
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    The energy transition is crucial to unlocking the potential of the Paris Agreement and the global climate goals. To meet the projected demand for the transition, critical mineral extraction is expected to significantly increase in countries of the global South. The critical mineral mining boom has the potential to drive economic development, contributing to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) under the 2030 Agenda. However, considering historical tensions between extractive industries and development, critical mineral mining risks exacerbating socio-economic inequalities and poverty. Against this background, the paper investigates factors influencing the local socio-economic impact of critical mineral extraction. Using satellite data and mining data from the S&P database, the study examines the socio-economic effects of 94 critical mineral mines that opened in Africa between 2000 and 2020, focusing on mineral-specific attributes and contextual factors, as well as factors related to governance. Findings indicate that critical mineral extraction can have significant positive impacts on local socioeconomic activity, particularly in areas distant from existing infrastructure and urban centers. The results highlight the complex role of institutional quality in mediating the socio-economic impact of mines, and shift attention to the underlying factors that shape institutional performance to deliver local benefits.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ The Extractive Indus...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    ZENODO
    Article . 2024
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: ZENODO
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    The Extractive Industries and Society
    Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
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    http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ex...
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      The Extractive Industries and Society
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    The energy transition is crucial to unlocking the potential of the Paris Agreement and the global climate goals. To meet the projected demand for the transition, critical mineral extraction is expected to significantly increase in countries of the global South. The critical mineral mining boom has the potential to drive economic development, contributing to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) under the 2030 Agenda. However, considering historical tensions between extractive industries and development, critical mineral mining risks exacerbating socio-economic inequalities and poverty. Against this background, the paper investigates factors influencing the local socio-economic impact of critical mineral extraction. Using satellite data and mining data from the S&P database, the study examines the socio-economic effects of 94 critical mineral mines that opened in Africa between 2000 and 2020, focusing on mineral-specific attributes and contextual factors, as well as factors related to governance. Findings indicate that critical mineral extraction can have significant positive impacts on local socioeconomic activity, particularly in areas distant from existing infrastructure and urban centers. The results highlight the complex role of institutional quality in mediating the socio-economic impact of mines, and shift attention to the underlying factors that shape institutional performance to deliver local benefits.

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    ZENODO
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    The Extractive Industries and Society
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      The Extractive Industries and Society
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    ABSTRACTBoreal forest regions, including East Siberia, have experienced elevated fire activity in recent years, leading to record‐breaking greenhouse gas emissions and severe air pollution. However, our understanding of the factors that eventually halt fire spread and thus limit fire growth remains incomplete, hindering our ability to model their dynamics and predict their impacts. We investigated the locations and timing of 2.2 million fire stops—defined as 300 m unburned pixels along fire perimeters—across the vast East Siberian taiga. Fire stops were retrieved from remote sensing data covering over 27,000 individual fires that collectively burned 80 Mha between 2012 and 2022. Several geospatial datasets, including hourly fire weather data and landscape variables, were used to identify the factors contributing to individual fire stops. Our analysis attributed 87% of all fire stops to a statistically significant (p < 0.01) change in one or more of these drivers, with fire‐weather drivers limiting fire growth over time and landscape drivers constraining it across space. We found clear regional and temporal variations in the importance of these drivers. For instance, landscape drivers—such as less flammable land cover and the presence of roads—were key constraints on fire growth in southeastern Siberia, where the landscape is more populated and fragmented. In contrast, fire weather was the primary constraint on fire growth in the remote northern taiga. Additionally, in central Yakutia, a major fire hotspot in recent years, fuel limitations from previous fires increasingly restricted fire spread. The methodology we present is adaptable to other biomes and can be applied globally, providing a framework for future attribution studies on global fire growth limitations. In northeast Siberia, we found that with increasing droughts and heatwaves, remote northern fires could potentially grow even larger in the future, with major implications for the global carbon cycle and climate.

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    Global Change Biology
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    Research@WUR
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    Wageningen Staff Publications
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    ABSTRACTBoreal forest regions, including East Siberia, have experienced elevated fire activity in recent years, leading to record‐breaking greenhouse gas emissions and severe air pollution. However, our understanding of the factors that eventually halt fire spread and thus limit fire growth remains incomplete, hindering our ability to model their dynamics and predict their impacts. We investigated the locations and timing of 2.2 million fire stops—defined as 300 m unburned pixels along fire perimeters—across the vast East Siberian taiga. Fire stops were retrieved from remote sensing data covering over 27,000 individual fires that collectively burned 80 Mha between 2012 and 2022. Several geospatial datasets, including hourly fire weather data and landscape variables, were used to identify the factors contributing to individual fire stops. Our analysis attributed 87% of all fire stops to a statistically significant (p < 0.01) change in one or more of these drivers, with fire‐weather drivers limiting fire growth over time and landscape drivers constraining it across space. We found clear regional and temporal variations in the importance of these drivers. For instance, landscape drivers—such as less flammable land cover and the presence of roads—were key constraints on fire growth in southeastern Siberia, where the landscape is more populated and fragmented. In contrast, fire weather was the primary constraint on fire growth in the remote northern taiga. Additionally, in central Yakutia, a major fire hotspot in recent years, fuel limitations from previous fires increasingly restricted fire spread. The methodology we present is adaptable to other biomes and can be applied globally, providing a framework for future attribution studies on global fire growth limitations. In northeast Siberia, we found that with increasing droughts and heatwaves, remote northern fires could potentially grow even larger in the future, with major implications for the global carbon cycle and climate.

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    Global Change Biology
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    Authors: Berend Markhorst; Joost Berkhout; Alessandro Zocca; Jeroen Pruyn; +1 Authors

    The maritime industry must prepare for the energy transition from fossil fuels to sustainable alternatives. Making ships future-proof is necessary given their long lifetime, but it is also complex because the future fuel type is uncertain. Within this uncertainty, one typically overlooks pipe routing, although it is a crucial driver for design time and costs. Therefore, we propose a mathematical approach for modeling uncertainty in pipe routing with deterministic, stochastic, and robust optimization. All three models are based on state-of-the-art integer linear optimization models for the Stochastic Steiner Forest Problem and adjusted to the maritime domain using specific constraints for pipe routing. We compare the models using both artificial and realistic instances and show that considering uncertainty using stochastic optimization and robust optimization leads to cost reductions of up to 22% in our experiments.

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    Ocean Engineering
    Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.48550/ar...
    Article . 2023
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      Ocean Engineering
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.48550/ar...
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    Authors: Berend Markhorst; Joost Berkhout; Alessandro Zocca; Jeroen Pruyn; +1 Authors

    The maritime industry must prepare for the energy transition from fossil fuels to sustainable alternatives. Making ships future-proof is necessary given their long lifetime, but it is also complex because the future fuel type is uncertain. Within this uncertainty, one typically overlooks pipe routing, although it is a crucial driver for design time and costs. Therefore, we propose a mathematical approach for modeling uncertainty in pipe routing with deterministic, stochastic, and robust optimization. All three models are based on state-of-the-art integer linear optimization models for the Stochastic Steiner Forest Problem and adjusted to the maritime domain using specific constraints for pipe routing. We compare the models using both artificial and realistic instances and show that considering uncertainty using stochastic optimization and robust optimization leads to cost reductions of up to 22% in our experiments.

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    Ocean Engineering
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.48550/ar...
    Article . 2023
    License: arXiv Non-Exclusive Distribution
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      Ocean Engineering
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  • Authors: Belligoni, Sara; Trader, Elizabeth; Li, Mengjie; Rahman, Mohammad Siddiqur; +9 Authors

    Extreme weather events caused by climate change can affect the energy sector in different ways. For example, extreme heat, cold spells, strong winds, or flooding may lead to increased energy demand and consumption, reduced energy production, or cause infrastructure failures and outages. Underserved communities are among those most impacted by power outages resulting from extreme weather events due to lower infrastructure investment in the areas where they live. These phenomena encompass a variety of social and technical challenges, for which we propose a new, transdisciplinary framework to explore solutions for providing clean, affordable, and resilient energy systems to vulnerable and at-risk communities. The authors consider a new approach using perspectives from engineering, hazards science, and policy studies to identify and develop solutions for the expansion of the use of solar energy production coupled with increased storage capacities in places where power outages and social vulnerability intersect.

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  • Authors: Belligoni, Sara; Trader, Elizabeth; Li, Mengjie; Rahman, Mohammad Siddiqur; +9 Authors

    Extreme weather events caused by climate change can affect the energy sector in different ways. For example, extreme heat, cold spells, strong winds, or flooding may lead to increased energy demand and consumption, reduced energy production, or cause infrastructure failures and outages. Underserved communities are among those most impacted by power outages resulting from extreme weather events due to lower infrastructure investment in the areas where they live. These phenomena encompass a variety of social and technical challenges, for which we propose a new, transdisciplinary framework to explore solutions for providing clean, affordable, and resilient energy systems to vulnerable and at-risk communities. The authors consider a new approach using perspectives from engineering, hazards science, and policy studies to identify and develop solutions for the expansion of the use of solar energy production coupled with increased storage capacities in places where power outages and social vulnerability intersect.

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    Authors: Knight, Helena H.; De Angelis, Roberta; Telg, Nina; Morgan, Robert E.;

    Coopetition has become an inter-organizational engagement norm for firms seeking to achieve their strategic goals. Research in this domain has been well-established but has reached a point of conceptual ‘shakeout’. Signs of the next stage of development being theoretical fragmentation are apparent in ‘network coopetition’, which has stimulated burgeoning research opportunities. However, there is a dearth of research on the sustainability and ecological premises of coopetition at this network level. In this study, we build on the theoretical workbench established by business model innovation scholars to integrate coopetitive research insights with circular economy theorizing. In our endeavor to understand the Coopetitive Circular Business Model (CCBM), we are guided by three questions: (i) how can the literature on coopetition inform circular economy research and how can this knowledge synthesis inform the development of the CCBM; (ii) what theoretical lenses can be employed to understand the interfaces, dynamics, and outcomes of the CCBMs; and (iii) what are the future research imperatives underlying CCBM research? We address these questions, which form the basis of our contributions, and draw implications of our insights for future research on the: conceptualization of CCBMs; antecedents and consequences of CCBMs; innovation and execution practices underlying CCBMs; measurement and performance of CCBMs; research methods, design and empirics that can be employed to examine CCBMs; and future public policies related to CCBMs.

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    Industrial Marketing Management
    Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
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      Industrial Marketing Management
      Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Knight, Helena H.; De Angelis, Roberta; Telg, Nina; Morgan, Robert E.;

    Coopetition has become an inter-organizational engagement norm for firms seeking to achieve their strategic goals. Research in this domain has been well-established but has reached a point of conceptual ‘shakeout’. Signs of the next stage of development being theoretical fragmentation are apparent in ‘network coopetition’, which has stimulated burgeoning research opportunities. However, there is a dearth of research on the sustainability and ecological premises of coopetition at this network level. In this study, we build on the theoretical workbench established by business model innovation scholars to integrate coopetitive research insights with circular economy theorizing. In our endeavor to understand the Coopetitive Circular Business Model (CCBM), we are guided by three questions: (i) how can the literature on coopetition inform circular economy research and how can this knowledge synthesis inform the development of the CCBM; (ii) what theoretical lenses can be employed to understand the interfaces, dynamics, and outcomes of the CCBMs; and (iii) what are the future research imperatives underlying CCBM research? We address these questions, which form the basis of our contributions, and draw implications of our insights for future research on the: conceptualization of CCBMs; antecedents and consequences of CCBMs; innovation and execution practices underlying CCBMs; measurement and performance of CCBMs; research methods, design and empirics that can be employed to examine CCBMs; and future public policies related to CCBMs.

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    Industrial Marketing Management
    Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
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      Industrial Marketing Management
      Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
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    ABSTRACTThe impacts of plastic, including carbon emissions and plastic pollution, have significant negative impacts on human well‐being and the environment. Recent research suggests that these impacts could be mitigated by using biomass to create products with lower carbon emissions or that reduce pollution through biodegradation or composting. As the scale of the plastic problem is substantial, the amount of biomass required for mitigation could be large. Biomass may have benefits, but it also has risks, including the potential to cause significant land‐use change. Land‐use impacts are widely acknowledged in the literature on plastic mitigation but are often downplayed with assumptions that changes in policies, behaviors, agricultural productivity, and technology can ameliorate the most negative impacts. This paper reviews the assumptions made about land use in the literature on biomass‐based plastics and plastic alternatives. Current studies generally make optimistic assumptions about land‐use change or have limited ability to account for land‐use change impacts. These assumptions, including technological and agricultural advancement, along with idealized feedstock sourcing, minimize potential land‐use impacts. This paper demonstrates how reasonable projections based on the literature could require a considerable amount of biomass, equivalent to a 7%–13% increase in global crop demand in 2040. Further research investigating projections for biomass use and the assumptions in these estimates is required to better understand potential land‐use impacts from bio‐based plastic substitutes. This research is important for informing emerging policies, including the UN Treaty on plastic pollution. Establishing criteria and thresholds for the sustainability of bio‐based alternatives, as well as identifying potential negative outcomes, will be crucial to avoid setting out on a path with significant unintended and potentially unavoidable consequences.

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    GCB Bioenergy
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    GCB Bioenergy
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      GCB Bioenergy
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      GCB Bioenergy
      Article . 2025
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      GCB Bioenergy
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    ABSTRACTThe impacts of plastic, including carbon emissions and plastic pollution, have significant negative impacts on human well‐being and the environment. Recent research suggests that these impacts could be mitigated by using biomass to create products with lower carbon emissions or that reduce pollution through biodegradation or composting. As the scale of the plastic problem is substantial, the amount of biomass required for mitigation could be large. Biomass may have benefits, but it also has risks, including the potential to cause significant land‐use change. Land‐use impacts are widely acknowledged in the literature on plastic mitigation but are often downplayed with assumptions that changes in policies, behaviors, agricultural productivity, and technology can ameliorate the most negative impacts. This paper reviews the assumptions made about land use in the literature on biomass‐based plastics and plastic alternatives. Current studies generally make optimistic assumptions about land‐use change or have limited ability to account for land‐use change impacts. These assumptions, including technological and agricultural advancement, along with idealized feedstock sourcing, minimize potential land‐use impacts. This paper demonstrates how reasonable projections based on the literature could require a considerable amount of biomass, equivalent to a 7%–13% increase in global crop demand in 2040. Further research investigating projections for biomass use and the assumptions in these estimates is required to better understand potential land‐use impacts from bio‐based plastic substitutes. This research is important for informing emerging policies, including the UN Treaty on plastic pollution. Establishing criteria and thresholds for the sustainability of bio‐based alternatives, as well as identifying potential negative outcomes, will be crucial to avoid setting out on a path with significant unintended and potentially unavoidable consequences.

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    GCB Bioenergy
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    GCB Bioenergy
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  • Authors: van der Goot, Emma S.; Hameleers, Michael; de Ridder, Jeroen;

    Conflict framing-the emphasis on clashing political positions, or the reproach of one actor to another-is central in political coverage and politics. This chapter discusses its conceptualization and the subsequent consequences for citizens' political attitudes and behavior. Previous research on conflict framing has yielded mixed results, showcasing conflicts' potential to inform and engage citizens alongside fostering cynicism and polarization. In this chapter, we argue that, to understand these divergent findings, it is necessary to distinguish between different types of conflicts. To address the fragmented literature on conflict and negativity, we propose a typology of various conflict types. This typology is exemplified through a hypothetical conflict scenario centered around climate change. We evaluate the moral, political, and epistemic implications of distinct conflict frames and propose conditions under which conflicts can positively contribute to deliberative democracy. Our typology provides a starting point for further investigations into the effects of conflict frames.

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  • Authors: van der Goot, Emma S.; Hameleers, Michael; de Ridder, Jeroen;

    Conflict framing-the emphasis on clashing political positions, or the reproach of one actor to another-is central in political coverage and politics. This chapter discusses its conceptualization and the subsequent consequences for citizens' political attitudes and behavior. Previous research on conflict framing has yielded mixed results, showcasing conflicts' potential to inform and engage citizens alongside fostering cynicism and polarization. In this chapter, we argue that, to understand these divergent findings, it is necessary to distinguish between different types of conflicts. To address the fragmented literature on conflict and negativity, we propose a typology of various conflict types. This typology is exemplified through a hypothetical conflict scenario centered around climate change. We evaluate the moral, political, and epistemic implications of distinct conflict frames and propose conditions under which conflicts can positively contribute to deliberative democracy. Our typology provides a starting point for further investigations into the effects of conflict frames.

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  • Authors: Wang, Rong; Hasanefendic, Sandra; Bossink, Bart;

    Grid parity is considered the tipping point of economic competitiveness of PV systems. However, accurately determining when grid parity is achieved hinges on the reliability and precision of the methodologies and data employed. This paper systematically reviews existing methods for assessing PV grid parity, proposes a structured three-step framework for grid parity assessment, and identifies the potential enhancements for more accurate evaluation outcomes. The framework begins with the calculation of PV costs using the Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) method, continues with predicting PV cost trends through learning curves, and is completed by benchmarking PV costs against electricity prices. Our findings reveal that most current PV cost calculations for grid parity primarily rely on the LCOE method, which can be enhanced by incorporating modifications for integration costs, revenues, PV performance metrics, regional-specific characteristics, and uncertainties. Moreover, learning curve models used to predict PV cost trends can be refined by tailoring learning rates and model formulations to reflect specific stages of technological development and regional differences. Additionally, the results suggest that electricity prices used in grid parity assessment can be adjusted to reflect the impact of policies and market dynamics. This comprehensive review provides a robust framework for assessing grid parity and serves as an essential reference for conducting more precise techno-economic feasibility assessment of PV systems.

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  • Authors: Wang, Rong; Hasanefendic, Sandra; Bossink, Bart;

    Grid parity is considered the tipping point of economic competitiveness of PV systems. However, accurately determining when grid parity is achieved hinges on the reliability and precision of the methodologies and data employed. This paper systematically reviews existing methods for assessing PV grid parity, proposes a structured three-step framework for grid parity assessment, and identifies the potential enhancements for more accurate evaluation outcomes. The framework begins with the calculation of PV costs using the Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) method, continues with predicting PV cost trends through learning curves, and is completed by benchmarking PV costs against electricity prices. Our findings reveal that most current PV cost calculations for grid parity primarily rely on the LCOE method, which can be enhanced by incorporating modifications for integration costs, revenues, PV performance metrics, regional-specific characteristics, and uncertainties. Moreover, learning curve models used to predict PV cost trends can be refined by tailoring learning rates and model formulations to reflect specific stages of technological development and regional differences. Additionally, the results suggest that electricity prices used in grid parity assessment can be adjusted to reflect the impact of policies and market dynamics. This comprehensive review provides a robust framework for assessing grid parity and serves as an essential reference for conducting more precise techno-economic feasibility assessment of PV systems.

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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Ao Liu; Rong Liu; Feiya Lei; Jiazheng Wang; +4 Authors

    Climate change is expected to alter the population dynamics of pioneer tree species and their planned use in sustainable forest management, but we have a limited understanding of how their demographic rates change in response to climate changes during ecological restoration. Based on 12 years of demographic data for a pioneer tree species (Pinus massoniana) censused in three plots that correspond to three stages of ecological restoration in southeastern China. We built integral projection models (IPMs) to assess vital rates (survival, growth, reproduction) and population growth in each plot, then evaluated demographic changes to simulated changes in seasonal mean temperature and precipitation in the current and previous census period. The plot representing the medium restoration stage had the highest population growth rate (λ = 0.983). Mean population survival probability increased with ecological restoration, and reproduction probability was significantly suppressed at the high restoration stage. Survival is always the most important vital rate for λ, and climate affects λ primarily via survival at each restoration stage. The current spring temperature was the most critical climate variable for λ in the low and medium restoration stages, and previous summer temperature was most critical in the high restoration stage. Simulated warming leads to a decrease in the stochastic population growth rate (λs) of P. massoniana in every stage. These findings suggest that during ecological restoration, P. massoniana responds to habitat change via modified demographic performance, thus altering its response to climate change. Despite diverse responses to climate change, the persistence of P. massoniana populations is facing a widespread threat of warming states at each restoration stages.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Journal of Forestry ...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Journal of Forestry Research
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Journal of Forestry Research
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Ao Liu; Rong Liu; Feiya Lei; Jiazheng Wang; +4 Authors

    Climate change is expected to alter the population dynamics of pioneer tree species and their planned use in sustainable forest management, but we have a limited understanding of how their demographic rates change in response to climate changes during ecological restoration. Based on 12 years of demographic data for a pioneer tree species (Pinus massoniana) censused in three plots that correspond to three stages of ecological restoration in southeastern China. We built integral projection models (IPMs) to assess vital rates (survival, growth, reproduction) and population growth in each plot, then evaluated demographic changes to simulated changes in seasonal mean temperature and precipitation in the current and previous census period. The plot representing the medium restoration stage had the highest population growth rate (λ = 0.983). Mean population survival probability increased with ecological restoration, and reproduction probability was significantly suppressed at the high restoration stage. Survival is always the most important vital rate for λ, and climate affects λ primarily via survival at each restoration stage. The current spring temperature was the most critical climate variable for λ in the low and medium restoration stages, and previous summer temperature was most critical in the high restoration stage. Simulated warming leads to a decrease in the stochastic population growth rate (λs) of P. massoniana in every stage. These findings suggest that during ecological restoration, P. massoniana responds to habitat change via modified demographic performance, thus altering its response to climate change. Despite diverse responses to climate change, the persistence of P. massoniana populations is facing a widespread threat of warming states at each restoration stages.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Journal of Forestry ...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Journal of Forestry Research
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Journal of Forestry ...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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    Authors: Willem Viveen; Jeroen M. Schoorl; Ronald T. van Balen; Nik Trabucho; +1 Authors

    Periglacial alluvial fans are common in northwestern and central Europe and their pre-Holocene stratigraphic records typically date back to late Middle Pleniglacial and Late Pleniglacial (late MIS3 and 2). Preserved stratigraphic records that include an entire interglacial-glacial cycle have, so far, not been described and it is thus unknown how periglacial alluvial fans responded during a full cycle of interglacial-glacial climate changes. In this paper, we reconstruct the evolution of the Eerbeek periglacial alluvial fan in the Netherlands which was deposited during the late Saalian (MIS 6) to late Weichselian (MIS 2) period, including the entire last interglacial–glacial cycle (MIS 5-2). Our reconstruction is based on 48, up-to 45-m deep borehole and Cone Penetration Test (CPT) logs that allowed the construction of an 8-km long longitudinal and a 7-km long transverse cross section over the Eerbeek periglacial alluvial fan. Age control was provided by means of 17, previously published, Optically Stimulated Luminescence ages of two boreholes on the fan, and 14 14C ages from three boreholes and a nearby, now abandoned, quarry.Overlying a thick, late Saalian (MIS 6) alluvial fan record, is a 4- to 18-m thick alternation of distinct organic (mainly peat and humic clays), siliciclastic alluvial fan (coarse- and medium-grained sands), Rhine (coarse- and medium grained sands), and aeolian (mainly medium-grained sands) stratigraphic units. Organic levels indicate fan stability during the Eemian interglacial (MIS 5e), and Brørup (MIS 5c), Odderade–Ognon interstadial complex (MIS 5a), and Middle Pleniglacial (MIS 3) interstadials 14, 13, 12 and 11 as well as late MIS 2 interstadial 1a. Clastic sediments indicate alluvial fan activity during the Herning (MIS 5d), Rederstall (MIS 5b), Ognon stadial complex (late MIS 5a), Early Pleniglacial (MIS 4) and upper Middle Pleniglacial (upper MIS 3) stadials 13, 12 and 11. Sediments from the coldest and driest period of the Last Glacial (late MIS 3 and MIS 2) are absent and following a phase of aeolian activity, the fan was only reactivated at the MIS 2 to MIS 1 transition (stadial 1). We attribute the absence of fan activity during the coldest period of the last interglacial-glacial cycle to the eastward orientation of the fan making it less sensitive to permafrost melt.The colder MIS substages and stadials in which the Eerbeek fan was active coincided with the presence of permafrost and/or a seasonal, deeply frozen soil, and a relatively humid climate during which vegetation was largely absent. The presence of channels that dissect the underlying organic units suggests that the Eerbeek fan initially responded to the changes from interstadials to stadials by means of erosion. As climate cooled and permafrost/deep frost developed, the fan switched to alluvial aggradation. The consistent presence of coarsening-fining upward sequences suggests a relation with cycles of increased overland flow due to increasingly more frozen subsoil conditions. The fan stratigraphy therefore shows the direct coupling between warmer-colder MIS substages and interstadial-stadial climate cyclicity and alluvial fan response over the entire last interglacial-glacial cycle.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Research@WURarrow_drop_down
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    Quaternary Science Reviews
    Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Willem Viveen; Jeroen M. Schoorl; Ronald T. van Balen; Nik Trabucho; +1 Authors

    Periglacial alluvial fans are common in northwestern and central Europe and their pre-Holocene stratigraphic records typically date back to late Middle Pleniglacial and Late Pleniglacial (late MIS3 and 2). Preserved stratigraphic records that include an entire interglacial-glacial cycle have, so far, not been described and it is thus unknown how periglacial alluvial fans responded during a full cycle of interglacial-glacial climate changes. In this paper, we reconstruct the evolution of the Eerbeek periglacial alluvial fan in the Netherlands which was deposited during the late Saalian (MIS 6) to late Weichselian (MIS 2) period, including the entire last interglacial–glacial cycle (MIS 5-2). Our reconstruction is based on 48, up-to 45-m deep borehole and Cone Penetration Test (CPT) logs that allowed the construction of an 8-km long longitudinal and a 7-km long transverse cross section over the Eerbeek periglacial alluvial fan. Age control was provided by means of 17, previously published, Optically Stimulated Luminescence ages of two boreholes on the fan, and 14 14C ages from three boreholes and a nearby, now abandoned, quarry.Overlying a thick, late Saalian (MIS 6) alluvial fan record, is a 4- to 18-m thick alternation of distinct organic (mainly peat and humic clays), siliciclastic alluvial fan (coarse- and medium-grained sands), Rhine (coarse- and medium grained sands), and aeolian (mainly medium-grained sands) stratigraphic units. Organic levels indicate fan stability during the Eemian interglacial (MIS 5e), and Brørup (MIS 5c), Odderade–Ognon interstadial complex (MIS 5a), and Middle Pleniglacial (MIS 3) interstadials 14, 13, 12 and 11 as well as late MIS 2 interstadial 1a. Clastic sediments indicate alluvial fan activity during the Herning (MIS 5d), Rederstall (MIS 5b), Ognon stadial complex (late MIS 5a), Early Pleniglacial (MIS 4) and upper Middle Pleniglacial (upper MIS 3) stadials 13, 12 and 11. Sediments from the coldest and driest period of the Last Glacial (late MIS 3 and MIS 2) are absent and following a phase of aeolian activity, the fan was only reactivated at the MIS 2 to MIS 1 transition (stadial 1). We attribute the absence of fan activity during the coldest period of the last interglacial-glacial cycle to the eastward orientation of the fan making it less sensitive to permafrost melt.The colder MIS substages and stadials in which the Eerbeek fan was active coincided with the presence of permafrost and/or a seasonal, deeply frozen soil, and a relatively humid climate during which vegetation was largely absent. The presence of channels that dissect the underlying organic units suggests that the Eerbeek fan initially responded to the changes from interstadials to stadials by means of erosion. As climate cooled and permafrost/deep frost developed, the fan switched to alluvial aggradation. The consistent presence of coarsening-fining upward sequences suggests a relation with cycles of increased overland flow due to increasingly more frozen subsoil conditions. The fan stratigraphy therefore shows the direct coupling between warmer-colder MIS substages and interstadial-stadial climate cyclicity and alluvial fan response over the entire last interglacial-glacial cycle.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Research@WURarrow_drop_down
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Quaternary Science Reviews
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    The energy transition is crucial to unlocking the potential of the Paris Agreement and the global climate goals. To meet the projected demand for the transition, critical mineral extraction is expected to significantly increase in countries of the global South. The critical mineral mining boom has the potential to drive economic development, contributing to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) under the 2030 Agenda. However, considering historical tensions between extractive industries and development, critical mineral mining risks exacerbating socio-economic inequalities and poverty. Against this background, the paper investigates factors influencing the local socio-economic impact of critical mineral extraction. Using satellite data and mining data from the S&P database, the study examines the socio-economic effects of 94 critical mineral mines that opened in Africa between 2000 and 2020, focusing on mineral-specific attributes and contextual factors, as well as factors related to governance. Findings indicate that critical mineral extraction can have significant positive impacts on local socioeconomic activity, particularly in areas distant from existing infrastructure and urban centers. The results highlight the complex role of institutional quality in mediating the socio-economic impact of mines, and shift attention to the underlying factors that shape institutional performance to deliver local benefits.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ The Extractive Indus...arrow_drop_down
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    ZENODO
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    The Extractive Industries and Society
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      ZENODO
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      The Extractive Industries and Society
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    The energy transition is crucial to unlocking the potential of the Paris Agreement and the global climate goals. To meet the projected demand for the transition, critical mineral extraction is expected to significantly increase in countries of the global South. The critical mineral mining boom has the potential to drive economic development, contributing to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) under the 2030 Agenda. However, considering historical tensions between extractive industries and development, critical mineral mining risks exacerbating socio-economic inequalities and poverty. Against this background, the paper investigates factors influencing the local socio-economic impact of critical mineral extraction. Using satellite data and mining data from the S&P database, the study examines the socio-economic effects of 94 critical mineral mines that opened in Africa between 2000 and 2020, focusing on mineral-specific attributes and contextual factors, as well as factors related to governance. Findings indicate that critical mineral extraction can have significant positive impacts on local socioeconomic activity, particularly in areas distant from existing infrastructure and urban centers. The results highlight the complex role of institutional quality in mediating the socio-economic impact of mines, and shift attention to the underlying factors that shape institutional performance to deliver local benefits.

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    ZENODO
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    The Extractive Industries and Society
    Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
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      ZENODO
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      The Extractive Industries and Society
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    ABSTRACTBoreal forest regions, including East Siberia, have experienced elevated fire activity in recent years, leading to record‐breaking greenhouse gas emissions and severe air pollution. However, our understanding of the factors that eventually halt fire spread and thus limit fire growth remains incomplete, hindering our ability to model their dynamics and predict their impacts. We investigated the locations and timing of 2.2 million fire stops—defined as 300 m unburned pixels along fire perimeters—across the vast East Siberian taiga. Fire stops were retrieved from remote sensing data covering over 27,000 individual fires that collectively burned 80 Mha between 2012 and 2022. Several geospatial datasets, including hourly fire weather data and landscape variables, were used to identify the factors contributing to individual fire stops. Our analysis attributed 87% of all fire stops to a statistically significant (p < 0.01) change in one or more of these drivers, with fire‐weather drivers limiting fire growth over time and landscape drivers constraining it across space. We found clear regional and temporal variations in the importance of these drivers. For instance, landscape drivers—such as less flammable land cover and the presence of roads—were key constraints on fire growth in southeastern Siberia, where the landscape is more populated and fragmented. In contrast, fire weather was the primary constraint on fire growth in the remote northern taiga. Additionally, in central Yakutia, a major fire hotspot in recent years, fuel limitations from previous fires increasingly restricted fire spread. The methodology we present is adaptable to other biomes and can be applied globally, providing a framework for future attribution studies on global fire growth limitations. In northeast Siberia, we found that with increasing droughts and heatwaves, remote northern fires could potentially grow even larger in the future, with major implications for the global carbon cycle and climate.

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    Global Change Biology
    Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
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    Research@WUR
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    Wageningen Staff Publications
    Article . 2025
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      Global Change Biology
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    ABSTRACTBoreal forest regions, including East Siberia, have experienced elevated fire activity in recent years, leading to record‐breaking greenhouse gas emissions and severe air pollution. However, our understanding of the factors that eventually halt fire spread and thus limit fire growth remains incomplete, hindering our ability to model their dynamics and predict their impacts. We investigated the locations and timing of 2.2 million fire stops—defined as 300 m unburned pixels along fire perimeters—across the vast East Siberian taiga. Fire stops were retrieved from remote sensing data covering over 27,000 individual fires that collectively burned 80 Mha between 2012 and 2022. Several geospatial datasets, including hourly fire weather data and landscape variables, were used to identify the factors contributing to individual fire stops. Our analysis attributed 87% of all fire stops to a statistically significant (p < 0.01) change in one or more of these drivers, with fire‐weather drivers limiting fire growth over time and landscape drivers constraining it across space. We found clear regional and temporal variations in the importance of these drivers. For instance, landscape drivers—such as less flammable land cover and the presence of roads—were key constraints on fire growth in southeastern Siberia, where the landscape is more populated and fragmented. In contrast, fire weather was the primary constraint on fire growth in the remote northern taiga. Additionally, in central Yakutia, a major fire hotspot in recent years, fuel limitations from previous fires increasingly restricted fire spread. The methodology we present is adaptable to other biomes and can be applied globally, providing a framework for future attribution studies on global fire growth limitations. In northeast Siberia, we found that with increasing droughts and heatwaves, remote northern fires could potentially grow even larger in the future, with major implications for the global carbon cycle and climate.

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    Global Change Biology
    Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
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    Wageningen Staff Publications
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    Authors: Berend Markhorst; Joost Berkhout; Alessandro Zocca; Jeroen Pruyn; +1 Authors

    The maritime industry must prepare for the energy transition from fossil fuels to sustainable alternatives. Making ships future-proof is necessary given their long lifetime, but it is also complex because the future fuel type is uncertain. Within this uncertainty, one typically overlooks pipe routing, although it is a crucial driver for design time and costs. Therefore, we propose a mathematical approach for modeling uncertainty in pipe routing with deterministic, stochastic, and robust optimization. All three models are based on state-of-the-art integer linear optimization models for the Stochastic Steiner Forest Problem and adjusted to the maritime domain using specific constraints for pipe routing. We compare the models using both artificial and realistic instances and show that considering uncertainty using stochastic optimization and robust optimization leads to cost reductions of up to 22% in our experiments.

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    Ocean Engineering
    Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.48550/ar...
    Article . 2023
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    Authors: Berend Markhorst; Joost Berkhout; Alessandro Zocca; Jeroen Pruyn; +1 Authors

    The maritime industry must prepare for the energy transition from fossil fuels to sustainable alternatives. Making ships future-proof is necessary given their long lifetime, but it is also complex because the future fuel type is uncertain. Within this uncertainty, one typically overlooks pipe routing, although it is a crucial driver for design time and costs. Therefore, we propose a mathematical approach for modeling uncertainty in pipe routing with deterministic, stochastic, and robust optimization. All three models are based on state-of-the-art integer linear optimization models for the Stochastic Steiner Forest Problem and adjusted to the maritime domain using specific constraints for pipe routing. We compare the models using both artificial and realistic instances and show that considering uncertainty using stochastic optimization and robust optimization leads to cost reductions of up to 22% in our experiments.

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    Ocean Engineering
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.48550/ar...
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      Ocean Engineering
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.48550/ar...
      Article . 2023
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  • Authors: Belligoni, Sara; Trader, Elizabeth; Li, Mengjie; Rahman, Mohammad Siddiqur; +9 Authors

    Extreme weather events caused by climate change can affect the energy sector in different ways. For example, extreme heat, cold spells, strong winds, or flooding may lead to increased energy demand and consumption, reduced energy production, or cause infrastructure failures and outages. Underserved communities are among those most impacted by power outages resulting from extreme weather events due to lower infrastructure investment in the areas where they live. These phenomena encompass a variety of social and technical challenges, for which we propose a new, transdisciplinary framework to explore solutions for providing clean, affordable, and resilient energy systems to vulnerable and at-risk communities. The authors consider a new approach using perspectives from engineering, hazards science, and policy studies to identify and develop solutions for the expansion of the use of solar energy production coupled with increased storage capacities in places where power outages and social vulnerability intersect.

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  • Authors: Belligoni, Sara; Trader, Elizabeth; Li, Mengjie; Rahman, Mohammad Siddiqur; +9 Authors

    Extreme weather events caused by climate change can affect the energy sector in different ways. For example, extreme heat, cold spells, strong winds, or flooding may lead to increased energy demand and consumption, reduced energy production, or cause infrastructure failures and outages. Underserved communities are among those most impacted by power outages resulting from extreme weather events due to lower infrastructure investment in the areas where they live. These phenomena encompass a variety of social and technical challenges, for which we propose a new, transdisciplinary framework to explore solutions for providing clean, affordable, and resilient energy systems to vulnerable and at-risk communities. The authors consider a new approach using perspectives from engineering, hazards science, and policy studies to identify and develop solutions for the expansion of the use of solar energy production coupled with increased storage capacities in places where power outages and social vulnerability intersect.

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    Authors: Knight, Helena H.; De Angelis, Roberta; Telg, Nina; Morgan, Robert E.;

    Coopetition has become an inter-organizational engagement norm for firms seeking to achieve their strategic goals. Research in this domain has been well-established but has reached a point of conceptual ‘shakeout’. Signs of the next stage of development being theoretical fragmentation are apparent in ‘network coopetition’, which has stimulated burgeoning research opportunities. However, there is a dearth of research on the sustainability and ecological premises of coopetition at this network level. In this study, we build on the theoretical workbench established by business model innovation scholars to integrate coopetitive research insights with circular economy theorizing. In our endeavor to understand the Coopetitive Circular Business Model (CCBM), we are guided by three questions: (i) how can the literature on coopetition inform circular economy research and how can this knowledge synthesis inform the development of the CCBM; (ii) what theoretical lenses can be employed to understand the interfaces, dynamics, and outcomes of the CCBMs; and (iii) what are the future research imperatives underlying CCBM research? We address these questions, which form the basis of our contributions, and draw implications of our insights for future research on the: conceptualization of CCBMs; antecedents and consequences of CCBMs; innovation and execution practices underlying CCBMs; measurement and performance of CCBMs; research methods, design and empirics that can be employed to examine CCBMs; and future public policies related to CCBMs.

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    Industrial Marketing Management
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      Industrial Marketing Management
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    Authors: Knight, Helena H.; De Angelis, Roberta; Telg, Nina; Morgan, Robert E.;

    Coopetition has become an inter-organizational engagement norm for firms seeking to achieve their strategic goals. Research in this domain has been well-established but has reached a point of conceptual ‘shakeout’. Signs of the next stage of development being theoretical fragmentation are apparent in ‘network coopetition’, which has stimulated burgeoning research opportunities. However, there is a dearth of research on the sustainability and ecological premises of coopetition at this network level. In this study, we build on the theoretical workbench established by business model innovation scholars to integrate coopetitive research insights with circular economy theorizing. In our endeavor to understand the Coopetitive Circular Business Model (CCBM), we are guided by three questions: (i) how can the literature on coopetition inform circular economy research and how can this knowledge synthesis inform the development of the CCBM; (ii) what theoretical lenses can be employed to understand the interfaces, dynamics, and outcomes of the CCBMs; and (iii) what are the future research imperatives underlying CCBM research? We address these questions, which form the basis of our contributions, and draw implications of our insights for future research on the: conceptualization of CCBMs; antecedents and consequences of CCBMs; innovation and execution practices underlying CCBMs; measurement and performance of CCBMs; research methods, design and empirics that can be employed to examine CCBMs; and future public policies related to CCBMs.

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    Industrial Marketing Management
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      Industrial Marketing Management
      Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
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    ABSTRACTThe impacts of plastic, including carbon emissions and plastic pollution, have significant negative impacts on human well‐being and the environment. Recent research suggests that these impacts could be mitigated by using biomass to create products with lower carbon emissions or that reduce pollution through biodegradation or composting. As the scale of the plastic problem is substantial, the amount of biomass required for mitigation could be large. Biomass may have benefits, but it also has risks, including the potential to cause significant land‐use change. Land‐use impacts are widely acknowledged in the literature on plastic mitigation but are often downplayed with assumptions that changes in policies, behaviors, agricultural productivity, and technology can ameliorate the most negative impacts. This paper reviews the assumptions made about land use in the literature on biomass‐based plastics and plastic alternatives. Current studies generally make optimistic assumptions about land‐use change or have limited ability to account for land‐use change impacts. These assumptions, including technological and agricultural advancement, along with idealized feedstock sourcing, minimize potential land‐use impacts. This paper demonstrates how reasonable projections based on the literature could require a considerable amount of biomass, equivalent to a 7%–13% increase in global crop demand in 2040. Further research investigating projections for biomass use and the assumptions in these estimates is required to better understand potential land‐use impacts from bio‐based plastic substitutes. This research is important for informing emerging policies, including the UN Treaty on plastic pollution. Establishing criteria and thresholds for the sustainability of bio‐based alternatives, as well as identifying potential negative outcomes, will be crucial to avoid setting out on a path with significant unintended and potentially unavoidable consequences.

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    GCB Bioenergy
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    GCB Bioenergy
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    ABSTRACTThe impacts of plastic, including carbon emissions and plastic pollution, have significant negative impacts on human well‐being and the environment. Recent research suggests that these impacts could be mitigated by using biomass to create products with lower carbon emissions or that reduce pollution through biodegradation or composting. As the scale of the plastic problem is substantial, the amount of biomass required for mitigation could be large. Biomass may have benefits, but it also has risks, including the potential to cause significant land‐use change. Land‐use impacts are widely acknowledged in the literature on plastic mitigation but are often downplayed with assumptions that changes in policies, behaviors, agricultural productivity, and technology can ameliorate the most negative impacts. This paper reviews the assumptions made about land use in the literature on biomass‐based plastics and plastic alternatives. Current studies generally make optimistic assumptions about land‐use change or have limited ability to account for land‐use change impacts. These assumptions, including technological and agricultural advancement, along with idealized feedstock sourcing, minimize potential land‐use impacts. This paper demonstrates how reasonable projections based on the literature could require a considerable amount of biomass, equivalent to a 7%–13% increase in global crop demand in 2040. Further research investigating projections for biomass use and the assumptions in these estimates is required to better understand potential land‐use impacts from bio‐based plastic substitutes. This research is important for informing emerging policies, including the UN Treaty on plastic pollution. Establishing criteria and thresholds for the sustainability of bio‐based alternatives, as well as identifying potential negative outcomes, will be crucial to avoid setting out on a path with significant unintended and potentially unavoidable consequences.

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