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The effect that climatic changes can exert on parasitic interactions represents a multifactor problem whose results are difficult to predict. The actual impact of changes will depend on their magnitude and the physiological tolerance of affected organisms. When the change is considered extreme (i.e. unusual weather events that are at the extremes of the historical distribution for a given area), the probability of an alteration in an organisms’ homeostasis increases dramatically. However, factors determining the altered dynamics of host-parasite interactions due to an extreme change are the same as those acting in response to changes of lower magnitude. Only a deep knowledge of these factors will help to produce more accurate predictive models for the effects of extreme changes on parasitic interactions. Extreme environmental conditions may affect pathogens directly when they include free-living stages in their life-cycles and indirectly through reduced resource availability for hosts and thus reduced ability to produce efficient anti-parasite defenses, or by effects on host density affecting transmission dynamics of diseases or the frequency of intraspecific contact. What are the consequences for host-parasite interactions? Here we summarize the present knowledge on three principal factors in determining host-parasite associations; biodiversity, population density and immunocompetence. In addition, we analyzed examples of the effects of environmental alteration of anthropogenic origin on parasitic systems because the effects are analogous to that exerted by an extreme climatic change [Current Zoology 57 (3): 390–405, 2011].

The aim of this report is to demonstrate and evaluate the potential of tall wheatgrass (Elytrigia elongata) to avoid GHG emissions and obtain lower economic costs in marginal areas of Spain. Our research built scenarios based on experimental plots (2 and 3 years growth) in 3 locations of Spain with completely different climate conditions (provinces of Girona, Soria and Palencia). In our experiences, we achieved an adequate establishment and biomass production, and assumed a rank of biomass yields until the end of the life cycle that is usually accepted to be about 15 years in many other studies in United States, Argentina and Eastern Europe where tall wheatgrass is extensively cultivated in marginal areas for sheep livestock production. Using our experimental plots and statistical information for economic inputs costs, we built 5 different scenarios per region considering a large range of biomass yields of tall wheatgrass. The analysis included a comparison with annual grasses economic costs calculated for a wide range of biomass yields of a previous study. We estimated GHG emissions savings for tall wheatgrasses and used our previous study (which had GHG emissions savings as well). Savings were calculated replacing natural gas electricity with electricity from biomass combustion in real power plants in Spain. In a wide range of yields, the results suggest that marginal areas might present a better performance with tall wheatgrass compared to annual winter grasses (cereals whole plant cuttings), thus producing biomass yields with higher GHG savings and lower economic costs at the farm level. Proceedings of the 20th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition, 18-22 June 2012, Milan, Italy, pp. 217-229

A measurement of the production of three isolated photons in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s}$ = 8 TeV is reported. The results are based on an integrated luminosity of 20.2 fb$^{−1}$ collected with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The differential cross sections are measured as functions of the transverse energy of each photon, the difference in azimuthal angle and in pseudorapidity between pairs of photons, the invariant mass of pairs of photons, and the invariant mass of the triphoton system. A measurement of the inclusive fiducial cross section is also reported. Next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD predictions are compared to the cross-section measurements. The predictions underestimate the measurement of the inclusive fiducial cross section and the differential measurements at low photon transverse energies and invariant masses. They provide adequate descriptions of the measurements at high values of the photon transverse energies, invariant mass of pairs of photons, and invariant mass of the triphoton system. Physics letters / B 781, 55 - 76 (2018). doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2018.03.057 Published by North-Holland Publ., Amsterdam

In Galicia, 35% of mussel culture is intended for canning. This industry has 25 thousand tons per year of waste (i.e., shells) that mainly ends in landfills or at the bottom of the sea, thereby producing an important environmental impact. After performing a heat treatment, mussel shells become a by-product which is suitable for different uses (poultry feed or bed, soil acidity correction, and fertilizer). However, a minority output and other avenues target related to this by-product must still be explored. Building insulation materials commonly cause significant harmful effect on the environment, especially if their entire life cycle is analysed (the use of large amounts of energy and water for their production, the difficulty to be recycled, or the reuse of waste in the case of demolition or reform, etc.) The use of mussels could close the circle of the economy related to the canning industry in Galicia. The aim of this research is to prove the feasibility of mussel shells as a part of building solutions. Suitable thermal and acoustical characteristics of shells as a building insulation material have been found. The confined mussel shell inside a closed space (e.g., in a wooden box) has a thermal transmittance similar to an expanded clay or a light conifer wood, so it can be considered as a material of low thermal conductivity. Moreover, several acoustic studies indicate that a section of confined mussel shell presents a behaviour similar to a double-glazed window. Different building solutions have been designed using shells as a filling insulation material. First, they were tested in a laboratory and then in an experimental building of 60 square meters (Biovalvo Modulus). These modulus mussel shells were used in the roof, the walls and the foundation. Nearly 50 tons of treated mussel shells were converted into a useful by-product which was used as a bio-based building material. Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 37 No 2 (2019): Special Issue - ICBBM 2019

In this work, we show a new methodology for automatic supervision and fault detection of PV Systems, based mainly on the analysis of the power losses. This methodology includes parameter extraction techniques to calculate main PV system parameters from monitoring data [1-2], taking into account the real irradiance and module temperature, allowing simulation and evaluation of the PV system behaviour in real time. 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 4534-4536

In this work, a summary of the research carried out about the role of inorganic elements in biomass gasification is presented. The research work has focused on the catalytic effects of alkali and alkaline earth metals in char gasification. The work has included gasification experiments using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and fluidized beds as well as modeling techniques. The results of the research presented in this paper indicate that the laboratory measured TGA reactivity numbers and correlations (including the effect of fuel ash inorganics) are possible to be converted to numbers predicting carbon conversion in a large scale fluidized bed gasification reactor. The model, called Carbon Conversion Predictor, is a relatively simple and transparent tool for the comparison of the gasification reactivity of different fuels in fluidized bed gasification. Proceedings of the 25th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition, 12-15 June 2017, Stockholm, Sweden, pp. 443-447

Multi-particle cumulants and corresponding Fourier harmonics are measured for azimuthal angle distributions of charged particles in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 5.02 and 13 TeV and in $p$+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV, and compared to the results obtained for low-multiplicity Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV. These measurements aim to assess the collective nature of particle production. The measurements of multi-particle cumulants confirm the evidence for collective phenomena in $p$+Pb and low-multiplicity Pb+Pb collisions. On the other hand, the $pp$ results for four-particle cumulants do not demonstrate collective behaviour, indicating that they may be biased by contributions from non-flow correlations. A comparison of multi-particle cumulants and derived Fourier harmonics across different collision systems is presented as a function of the charged-particle multiplicity. For a given multiplicity, the measured Fourier harmonics are largest in Pb+Pb, smaller in $p$+Pb and smallest in $pp$ collisions. The $pp$ results show no dependence on the collision energy, nor on the multiplicity. The European physical journal / C 77(6), 428 (2017). doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-017-4988-1 Published by Springer, Berlin