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  • Energy Research
  • 2025-2025
  • 13. Climate action
  • CA

  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Environment and Climate Change Canada | Environnement et Changement climatique Canada;

    Le carbone noir est une petite particule d'aérosol (ou aérienne) de courte durée de vie liée au réchauffement climatique et aux effets nocifs sur la santé. Il est rejeté par la combustion incomplète de carburants à base de carbone (c.-à-d. les combustibles fossiles, les biocarburants ou le bois) sous la forme de matière particulaire très fine. Le carbone noir n'est pas rejeté seul, mais en tant que composante d'une matière particulaire d'un diamètre inférieur ou égal à 2,5 micromètres (PM2,5). En tant que membre du Conseil de l'Arctique, le Canada est engagé à produire un inventaire annuel des émissions de carbone noir. Ces données serviront à informer les Canadiens au sujet des émissions de carbone noir et à fournir des renseignements inestimables pour l'élaboration de stratégies de gestion de la qualité de l'air. Les données utilisées pour la compilation du rapport proviennent des sections de l'Inventaire des émissions de polluants atmosphériques (IEPA) en particulier pour les émissions de matières particulaires fines (PM2,5) provenant de sources liées à la combustion Renseignements supplémentaires Pour un complément d'information sur l'Inventaire des émissions de carbone noir du Canada, consulter : https://Canada.ca/carbone-noir Pour les émissions canadiennes d'autres polluants atmosphériques, se reporter à l'Inventaire des émissions de polluants atmosphériques : https://www.canada.ca/fr/environnement-changement-climatique/services/polluants/inventaire-emissions-atmospheriques-apercu.html Outil d'interrogation interactif de l'IEPA et carbone noir : https://pollution-waste.canada.ca/air-emission-inventory/?GoCTemplateCulture=fr-CA Soutien aux projets : Inventaire des émissions de carbone noir au Canada 2013-2023 Black carbon is a short-lived, small aerosol (or airborne) particle linked to both climate warming and adverse health effects. It is emitted from incomplete combustion of carbon-based fuels (i.e., fossil fuels, biofuels, wood) in the form of very fine particulate matter. Black carbon is not emitted on its own, but as a component of particulate matter less than or equal to 2.5 micrometres in diameter (PM2.5). As a member of the Arctic Council, Canada has committed to producing an annual inventory of black carbon emissions. This data will serve to inform Canadians about black carbon emissions and provide valuable information for the development of air quality management strategies. The data used to compile the report originate from sections of the Air Pollutant Emission Inventory (APEI) specifically fine particulate matter (PM2.5) emissions from combustion-related sources. Supplemental Information For more information on Canada's Black Carbon Inventory, please visit: https://Canada.ca/black-carbon For Canada's emissions of other air pollutants, please reference the Air Pollutant Emission Inventory: https://Canada.ca/APEI APEI and Black Carbon Interactive Query Tool: https://pollution-waste.canada.ca/air-emission-inventory Supporting Projects: Canada's Black Carbon Inventory for 2013-2023

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Lunarisarrow_drop_down
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Lunarisarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Open Data Nova Scotia;

    Temperature data from the Centre for Marine Applied Research's (CMAR) Coastal Monitoring Program. The original dataset includes data measured on intervals of 1 minute to 1 hour. The figure shows the daily average values for the waterbody, station, depth, time period, and quality control flags selected from the dropdown filters. The filtered dataset can be exported using the "Export" button on the right. To see other variables that were measured in this county, explore the original dataset (https://data.novascotia.ca/d/wpsu-7fer). To learn more about CMAR's Coastal Monitoring Program, visit https://cmar.ca/coastal-monitoring-program/

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Lunarisarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Lunaris
    Dataset . 2025
    Data sources: Lunaris
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Lunarisarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Lunaris
      Dataset . 2025
      Data sources: Lunaris
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Environment and Climate Change Canada | Environnement et Changement climatique Canada;

    L'objectif de cette page est de décrire l'organisation du rapport d'inventaire des gaz à effet de serre et d'indiquer où trouver le matériel en ligne. Pour en savoir plus sur l'inventaire officiel des gaz à effet de serre du Canada, visitez la page principale : https://www.canada.ca/inventaire-ges Contactez-nous : https://www.canada.ca/fr/environnement-changement-climatique/services/changements-climatiques/emissions-gaz-effet-serre/coordonnees-equipe.html Documents disponibles en ligne : Le Rapport d'inventaire national (RIN) comprend trois parties. La Partie 1 du RIN comprend le Sommaire et les Chapitres 1 à 8. La Partie 2 comprend les Annexes 1 à 7. La Partie 3 comprend les Annexes 8 à 13. Le rapport complet se trouve à l'adresse suivante : https://publications.gc.ca/site/fra/9.506002/publication.html. Les fichiers de données des Partie 2 et Partie 3 sont accessibles en cliquant sur le bouton « Explorer », puis « Aller à la ressource » ci-dessous. Description du contenu de chaque répertoire: A-Secteur du GIEC : Contient divers fichiers d'émissions de gaz à effet de serre (GES) par secteur du Groupe d'experts intergouvernemental sur l'évolution du climat (GIEC) et par gaz, pour toutes les années, pour le Canada et pour les provinces et territoires. B-Secteur économique : Contient divers fichiers d'émissions de GES par secteurs économiques, pour toutes les années pour le Canada et pour la dernière année pour les provinces et les territoires. Dans le fichier FR_GES_Econ_Canada, un onglet contenant la relation entre les secteurs du GIEC et les secteurs économiques est également inclus. Les émissions sont également présentées par gaz pour le Canada et pour les provinces et territoires. C-Tableaux Électricité Canada Provinces Territoires : Contient un sommaire et des tableaux sur l'intensité des GES pour l'électricité au Canada. D-Coefficients d'émission : Contient des fichiers comprenant des informations sur les coefficients d'émission. E-ATCATF : contient des estimations de séries chronologiques pour le secteur de l'affectation des terres, du changement d'affectation des terres et foresterie (ATCATF), des fichiers géomatiques contenant des estimations attribuées à des unités spatiales, et un plan pluriannuel d'amélioration de la foresterie. F-Agriculture : Contient des estimations de séries chronologiques pour le secteur de l'agriculture et des fichiers géomatiques contenant des estimations attribuées à des unités spatiales. G-Annexes supplémentaires du RIN : Contient l'Annexe 1 (catégories clés), l'Annexe 2 (incertitude), l'Annexe 3 (méthodologies), l'Annexe 4 (approches sectorielles et de référence, et bilan énergétique national), l'Annexe 5 (exhaustivité), l'Annexe 7 (ozone et précurseurs d'aérosols) et l'Annexe 8 (protocole d'arrondissement) du Rapport d'inventaire national (RIN). The purpose of this page is to describe the organization of the greenhouse gas inventory report and to indicate where to find the online material. To learn more about Canada's official greenhouse gas inventory, visit the Main page: https://www.canada.ca/ghg-inventory Contact us: https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/climate-change/greenhouse-gas-emissions/contact-team.html Documents available online: The National Inventory Report (NIR) comprises three parts. Part 1 of the NIR includes the Executive Summary and Chapters 1 to 8. Part 2 consists of Annexes 1 to 7. Part 3 includes Annexes 8 to 13. The full report can be found at the following address: https://publications.gc.ca/site/eng/9.506002/publication.html. Part 2 and Part 3 data files can be accessed by clicking on the "Explore" button below, then "Go to resource". Description of the content of each folder: A-IPCC Sector: Contains various greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions files by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) sector and by gas, for all years, for Canada and for provinces and territories. B-Economic Sector: Contains various GHG emissions files by Economic sectors, for all years for Canada and for the latest year for provinces and territories. In the EN_GHG_Econ_Canada file, a tab containing the relationship between IPCC sector and Economic sector is also provided. Emissions are also presented by gas for Canada and for the provinces and territories. C-Tables Electricity Canada Provinces Territories: Contains summary and GHG intensity tables for Electricity in Canada. D-Emission Factors: Contains files with information on emission factors. E-LULUCF: Contains time-series estimates for the Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) sector, geomatics files containing estimates attributed to spatial units, and a multi-year forestry improvement plan. F-Agriculture: Contains time-series estimates for the Agriculture sector and geomatics files containing estimates attributed to spatial units. G-Additional NIR Annexes: Contains Annex 1 (key categories), Annex 2 (uncertainty), Annex 3 (methodologies), Annex 4 (sectoral and reference approaches, and national energy balance), Annex 5 (completeness), Annex 7 (ozone and aerosol precursors) and Annex 8 (rounding protocol) of the National Inventory Report (NIR).

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Lunarisarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Lunarisarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/

    Global climate challenge is demanding urgent actions for decarbonization, while electric power systems take the major roles in clean energy transition. Due to the existence of spatially and temporally dispersed renewable energy resources and the uneven distribution of carbon emission intensity throughout the grid, it is worth investigating future load planning and demand management to offset those generations with higher carbon emission rates. Such techniques include inter-region utilization of geographically shiftable resources and stochastic renewable energy. For instance, data center is considered to be a major carbon emission producer in the future due to increasing information load, while it holds the capability of geographical load balancing. In this paper, we propose a novel planning and operation model minimizing the system-level carbon emissions via sitting and operating geographically shiftable resources. This model decides the optimal locations for shiftable resources expansion along with power dispatch schedule. To accommodate future system operation patterns and a wide range of operating conditions, we incorporate 20-year fine-grained load and renewables scenarios for grid simulations of realistic sizes (e.g., up to 1888 buses). To tackle the computational challenges coming from the combinatorial nature of such large-scale planning problem, we develop a customized Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) method, which can find reasonable solutions satisfying solution time limits. Besides, MCTS enables flexible time window settings and offline solution adjustments. Extensive simulations validate that our planning model can reduce more than 10\% carbon emission across all setups. Compared to off-the-shelf optimization solvers such as Gurobi, our method achieves up to 8.1X acceleration while the solution gaps are less than 1.5\% in large-scale cases. Accepted at IEEE Transactions on Power Systems

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ https://dx.doi.org/1...arrow_drop_down
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.48550/ar...
    Article . 2023
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Datacite
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
    Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
    License: IEEE Copyright
    Data sources: Crossref
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ https://dx.doi.org/1...arrow_drop_down
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.48550/ar...
      Article . 2023
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Datacite
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
      Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
      License: IEEE Copyright
      Data sources: Crossref
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    Authors: Open Data Nova Scotia;

    Temperature data from the Centre for Marine Applied Research's (CMAR) Coastal Monitoring Program. The original dataset includes data measured on intervals of 1 minute to 1 hour. The figure shows the daily average values for the waterbody, station, depth, time period, and quality control flags selected from the dropdown filters. The filtered dataset can be exported using the "Export" button on the right. To see other variables that were measured in this county, explore the original dataset (https://data.novascotia.ca/d/x9dy-aai9). To learn more about CMAR's Coastal Monitoring Program, visit https://cmar.ca/coastal-monitoring-program/.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Lunarisarrow_drop_down
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    Lunaris
    Dataset . 2025
    Data sources: Lunaris
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Lunarisarrow_drop_down
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      Lunaris
      Dataset . 2025
      Data sources: Lunaris
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Environment and Climate Change Canada | Environnement et Changement climatique Canada;

    Le programme des Indicateurs canadiens de durabilité de l'environnement (ICDE) rend compte de la performance du Canada à l'égard d'enjeux clés en matière de développement durable. L'indicateur sur les Émissions de gaz à effet de serre des installations d'envergure présente les émissions totales de gaz à effet de serre provenant des plus grands émetteurs de gaz à effet de serre au Canada pour l'année de déclaration 2023. Le Programme de déclaration de gaz à effet de serre assure le suivi et la déclaration obligatoire des émissions de gaz à effet de serre par les plus grands émetteurs du Canada. Cette déclaration obligatoire contribue au développement, à la mise en œuvre et à l'évaluation des politiques et stratégies du Canada en matière de changements climatiques et d'énergie. Les données sur les émissions de gaz à effet de serre déclarées dans le cadre du Programme de déclaration des gaz à effet de serre sont utilisées pour le développement des estimations des émissions de gaz à effet de serre au Canada dans le Rapport d'inventaire national et pour appuyer les initiatives de règlementation. Cette information est rendue disponible aux Canadiens sous plusieurs formats : cartes statiques et interactives, figures et graphiques, tableaux de données HTML et CSV et rapports téléchargeables. Voir la documentation supplémentaire pour les sources des données et pour lire comment les données sont collectées et comment l'indicateur est calculé. Indicateurs canadiens de durabilité de l'environnement : https://www.canada.ca/indicateurs-environnementaux The Canadian Environmental Sustainability Indicators (CESI) program provides data and information to track Canada's performance on key environmental sustainability issues. The Greenhouse gas emissions from large facilities indicator reports total greenhouse gas emissions from the largest greenhouse gas emitters in Canada for the 2023 reporting year. The Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program ensures that the greenhouse gas emissions from Canada's largest emitters are tracked and reported. This mandatory reporting contributes to the development, implementation and evaluation of climate change and energy policies and strategies in Canada. Greenhouse gas emissions data reported through the Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program are used to inform the development of estimates of greenhouse gas emissions in Canada in the National Inventory Report, and to support regulatory initiatives. Information is provided to Canadians in a number of formats including: static and interactive maps, charts and graphs, HTML and CSV data tables and downloadable reports. See the supplementary documentation for the data sources and details on how the data were collected and how the indicator was calculated. Canadian Environmental Sustainability Indicators: https://www.canada.ca/environmental-indicators

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    Authors: Environment and Climate Change Canada | Environnement et Changement climatique Canada;

    Le programme des Indicateurs canadiens de durabilité de l'environnement (ICDE) rend compte de la performance du Canada à l'égard d'enjeux clés en matière de développement durable. Les indicateurs donnent un aperçu des émissions de gaz à effet de serre (GES) du Canada projetées jusqu'en 2040. Cet indicateur permet au public et aux décideurs de prendre connaissance des projections modélisées des émissions de GES du Canada par rapport aux cibles de 2030 et de 2035 et au-delà avec des projections jusqu'en 2040. Cette information est rendue disponible aux Canadiens sous plusieurs formats : cartes statiques et interactives, figures et graphiques, tableaux de données HTML et CSV et rapports téléchargeables. Voir la documentation supplémentaire pour les sources des données et pour lire comment les données sont collectées et comment l'indicateur est calculé. Indicateurs canadiens de durabilité de l'environnement : https://www.canada.ca/indicateurs-environnementaux The Canadian Environmental Sustainability Indicators (CESI) program provides data and information to track Canada's performance on key environmental sustainability issues. The indicator provides an overview of Canada's projected greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions up to 2040. The indicator allows the public and policy-makers to see Canada's modelled GHG emissions projections relative to the 2030 and 2035 targets and beyond with projections up to 2040. Information is provided to Canadians in a number of formats including: static and interactive maps, charts and graphs, HTML and CSV data tables and downloadable reports. See the supplementary documentation for the data sources and details on how the data were collected and how the indicator was calculated. Canadian Environmental Sustainability Indicators: https://www.canada.ca/environmental-indicators

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    Authors: Open Data Nova Scotia;

    Temperature data from the Centre for Marine Applied Research's (CMAR) Coastal Monitoring Program. The original dataset includes data measured on intervals of 1 minute to 1 hour. The figure shows the daily average values for the waterbody, station, depth, time period, and quality control flags selected from the dropdown filters. The filtered dataset can be exported using the "Export" button on the right. To see other variables that were measured in this county, explore the original dataset (https://data.novascotia.ca/d/a9za-3t63). To learn more about CMAR's Coastal Monitoring Program, visit https://cmar.ca/coastal-monitoring-program/

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    Lunaris
    Dataset . 2025
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      Lunaris
      Dataset . 2025
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Open Data Nova Scotia;

    Temperature data from the Centre for Marine Applied Research's (CMAR) Coastal Monitoring Program. The original dataset includes data measured on intervals of 1 minute to 1 hour. The figure shows the daily average values for the waterbody, station, depth, time period, and quality control flags selected from the dropdown filters. The filtered dataset can be exported using the "Export" button on the right. To see other variables that were measured in this county, explore the original dataset (https://data.novascotia.ca/d/v6sa-tiit). To learn more about CMAR's Coastal Monitoring Program, visit https://cmar.ca/coastal-monitoring-program/.

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    Dataset . 2025
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      Lunaris
      Dataset . 2025
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Open Data Nova Scotia;

    Temperature data from the Centre for Marine Applied Research's (CMAR) Coastal Monitoring Program. The original dataset includes data measured on intervals of 1 minute to 1 hour. The figure shows the daily average values for the waterbody, station, depth, time period, and quality control flags selected from the dropdown filters. The filtered dataset can be exported using the "Export" button on the right. To see other variables that were measured in this county, explore the original dataset (https://data.novascotia.ca/d/eda5-aubu). To learn more about CMAR's Coastal Monitoring Program, visit https://cmar.ca/coastal-monitoring-program/

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Lunarisarrow_drop_down
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    Dataset . 2025
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Environment and Climate Change Canada | Environnement et Changement climatique Canada;

    Le carbone noir est une petite particule d'aérosol (ou aérienne) de courte durée de vie liée au réchauffement climatique et aux effets nocifs sur la santé. Il est rejeté par la combustion incomplète de carburants à base de carbone (c.-à-d. les combustibles fossiles, les biocarburants ou le bois) sous la forme de matière particulaire très fine. Le carbone noir n'est pas rejeté seul, mais en tant que composante d'une matière particulaire d'un diamètre inférieur ou égal à 2,5 micromètres (PM2,5). En tant que membre du Conseil de l'Arctique, le Canada est engagé à produire un inventaire annuel des émissions de carbone noir. Ces données serviront à informer les Canadiens au sujet des émissions de carbone noir et à fournir des renseignements inestimables pour l'élaboration de stratégies de gestion de la qualité de l'air. Les données utilisées pour la compilation du rapport proviennent des sections de l'Inventaire des émissions de polluants atmosphériques (IEPA) en particulier pour les émissions de matières particulaires fines (PM2,5) provenant de sources liées à la combustion Renseignements supplémentaires Pour un complément d'information sur l'Inventaire des émissions de carbone noir du Canada, consulter : https://Canada.ca/carbone-noir Pour les émissions canadiennes d'autres polluants atmosphériques, se reporter à l'Inventaire des émissions de polluants atmosphériques : https://www.canada.ca/fr/environnement-changement-climatique/services/polluants/inventaire-emissions-atmospheriques-apercu.html Outil d'interrogation interactif de l'IEPA et carbone noir : https://pollution-waste.canada.ca/air-emission-inventory/?GoCTemplateCulture=fr-CA Soutien aux projets : Inventaire des émissions de carbone noir au Canada 2013-2023 Black carbon is a short-lived, small aerosol (or airborne) particle linked to both climate warming and adverse health effects. It is emitted from incomplete combustion of carbon-based fuels (i.e., fossil fuels, biofuels, wood) in the form of very fine particulate matter. Black carbon is not emitted on its own, but as a component of particulate matter less than or equal to 2.5 micrometres in diameter (PM2.5). As a member of the Arctic Council, Canada has committed to producing an annual inventory of black carbon emissions. This data will serve to inform Canadians about black carbon emissions and provide valuable information for the development of air quality management strategies. The data used to compile the report originate from sections of the Air Pollutant Emission Inventory (APEI) specifically fine particulate matter (PM2.5) emissions from combustion-related sources. Supplemental Information For more information on Canada's Black Carbon Inventory, please visit: https://Canada.ca/black-carbon For Canada's emissions of other air pollutants, please reference the Air Pollutant Emission Inventory: https://Canada.ca/APEI APEI and Black Carbon Interactive Query Tool: https://pollution-waste.canada.ca/air-emission-inventory Supporting Projects: Canada's Black Carbon Inventory for 2013-2023

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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Open Data Nova Scotia;

    Temperature data from the Centre for Marine Applied Research's (CMAR) Coastal Monitoring Program. The original dataset includes data measured on intervals of 1 minute to 1 hour. The figure shows the daily average values for the waterbody, station, depth, time period, and quality control flags selected from the dropdown filters. The filtered dataset can be exported using the "Export" button on the right. To see other variables that were measured in this county, explore the original dataset (https://data.novascotia.ca/d/wpsu-7fer). To learn more about CMAR's Coastal Monitoring Program, visit https://cmar.ca/coastal-monitoring-program/

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Lunarisarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Lunaris
    Dataset . 2025
    Data sources: Lunaris
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      Lunaris
      Dataset . 2025
      Data sources: Lunaris
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    Authors: Environment and Climate Change Canada | Environnement et Changement climatique Canada;

    L'objectif de cette page est de décrire l'organisation du rapport d'inventaire des gaz à effet de serre et d'indiquer où trouver le matériel en ligne. Pour en savoir plus sur l'inventaire officiel des gaz à effet de serre du Canada, visitez la page principale : https://www.canada.ca/inventaire-ges Contactez-nous : https://www.canada.ca/fr/environnement-changement-climatique/services/changements-climatiques/emissions-gaz-effet-serre/coordonnees-equipe.html Documents disponibles en ligne : Le Rapport d'inventaire national (RIN) comprend trois parties. La Partie 1 du RIN comprend le Sommaire et les Chapitres 1 à 8. La Partie 2 comprend les Annexes 1 à 7. La Partie 3 comprend les Annexes 8 à 13. Le rapport complet se trouve à l'adresse suivante : https://publications.gc.ca/site/fra/9.506002/publication.html. Les fichiers de données des Partie 2 et Partie 3 sont accessibles en cliquant sur le bouton « Explorer », puis « Aller à la ressource » ci-dessous. Description du contenu de chaque répertoire: A-Secteur du GIEC : Contient divers fichiers d'émissions de gaz à effet de serre (GES) par secteur du Groupe d'experts intergouvernemental sur l'évolution du climat (GIEC) et par gaz, pour toutes les années, pour le Canada et pour les provinces et territoires. B-Secteur économique : Contient divers fichiers d'émissions de GES par secteurs économiques, pour toutes les années pour le Canada et pour la dernière année pour les provinces et les territoires. Dans le fichier FR_GES_Econ_Canada, un onglet contenant la relation entre les secteurs du GIEC et les secteurs économiques est également inclus. Les émissions sont également présentées par gaz pour le Canada et pour les provinces et territoires. C-Tableaux Électricité Canada Provinces Territoires : Contient un sommaire et des tableaux sur l'intensité des GES pour l'électricité au Canada. D-Coefficients d'émission : Contient des fichiers comprenant des informations sur les coefficients d'émission. E-ATCATF : contient des estimations de séries chronologiques pour le secteur de l'affectation des terres, du changement d'affectation des terres et foresterie (ATCATF), des fichiers géomatiques contenant des estimations attribuées à des unités spatiales, et un plan pluriannuel d'amélioration de la foresterie. F-Agriculture : Contient des estimations de séries chronologiques pour le secteur de l'agriculture et des fichiers géomatiques contenant des estimations attribuées à des unités spatiales. G-Annexes supplémentaires du RIN : Contient l'Annexe 1 (catégories clés), l'Annexe 2 (incertitude), l'Annexe 3 (méthodologies), l'Annexe 4 (approches sectorielles et de référence, et bilan énergétique national), l'Annexe 5 (exhaustivité), l'Annexe 7 (ozone et précurseurs d'aérosols) et l'Annexe 8 (protocole d'arrondissement) du Rapport d'inventaire national (RIN). The purpose of this page is to describe the organization of the greenhouse gas inventory report and to indicate where to find the online material. To learn more about Canada's official greenhouse gas inventory, visit the Main page: https://www.canada.ca/ghg-inventory Contact us: https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/climate-change/greenhouse-gas-emissions/contact-team.html Documents available online: The National Inventory Report (NIR) comprises three parts. Part 1 of the NIR includes the Executive Summary and Chapters 1 to 8. Part 2 consists of Annexes 1 to 7. Part 3 includes Annexes 8 to 13. The full report can be found at the following address: https://publications.gc.ca/site/eng/9.506002/publication.html. Part 2 and Part 3 data files can be accessed by clicking on the "Explore" button below, then "Go to resource". Description of the content of each folder: A-IPCC Sector: Contains various greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions files by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) sector and by gas, for all years, for Canada and for provinces and territories. B-Economic Sector: Contains various GHG emissions files by Economic sectors, for all years for Canada and for the latest year for provinces and territories. In the EN_GHG_Econ_Canada file, a tab containing the relationship between IPCC sector and Economic sector is also provided. Emissions are also presented by gas for Canada and for the provinces and territories. C-Tables Electricity Canada Provinces Territories: Contains summary and GHG intensity tables for Electricity in Canada. D-Emission Factors: Contains files with information on emission factors. E-LULUCF: Contains time-series estimates for the Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) sector, geomatics files containing estimates attributed to spatial units, and a multi-year forestry improvement plan. F-Agriculture: Contains time-series estimates for the Agriculture sector and geomatics files containing estimates attributed to spatial units. G-Additional NIR Annexes: Contains Annex 1 (key categories), Annex 2 (uncertainty), Annex 3 (methodologies), Annex 4 (sectoral and reference approaches, and national energy balance), Annex 5 (completeness), Annex 7 (ozone and aerosol precursors) and Annex 8 (rounding protocol) of the National Inventory Report (NIR).

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    Global climate challenge is demanding urgent actions for decarbonization, while electric power systems take the major roles in clean energy transition. Due to the existence of spatially and temporally dispersed renewable energy resources and the uneven distribution of carbon emission intensity throughout the grid, it is worth investigating future load planning and demand management to offset those generations with higher carbon emission rates. Such techniques include inter-region utilization of geographically shiftable resources and stochastic renewable energy. For instance, data center is considered to be a major carbon emission producer in the future due to increasing information load, while it holds the capability of geographical load balancing. In this paper, we propose a novel planning and operation model minimizing the system-level carbon emissions via sitting and operating geographically shiftable resources. This model decides the optimal locations for shiftable resources expansion along with power dispatch schedule. To accommodate future system operation patterns and a wide range of operating conditions, we incorporate 20-year fine-grained load and renewables scenarios for grid simulations of realistic sizes (e.g., up to 1888 buses). To tackle the computational challenges coming from the combinatorial nature of such large-scale planning problem, we develop a customized Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) method, which can find reasonable solutions satisfying solution time limits. Besides, MCTS enables flexible time window settings and offline solution adjustments. Extensive simulations validate that our planning model can reduce more than 10\% carbon emission across all setups. Compared to off-the-shelf optimization solvers such as Gurobi, our method achieves up to 8.1X acceleration while the solution gaps are less than 1.5\% in large-scale cases. Accepted at IEEE Transactions on Power Systems

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    https://dx.doi.org/10.48550/ar...
    Article . 2023
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Datacite
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    IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
    Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
    License: IEEE Copyright
    Data sources: Crossref
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.48550/ar...
      Article . 2023
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Datacite
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      IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
      Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
      License: IEEE Copyright
      Data sources: Crossref
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    Authors: Open Data Nova Scotia;

    Temperature data from the Centre for Marine Applied Research's (CMAR) Coastal Monitoring Program. The original dataset includes data measured on intervals of 1 minute to 1 hour. The figure shows the daily average values for the waterbody, station, depth, time period, and quality control flags selected from the dropdown filters. The filtered dataset can be exported using the "Export" button on the right. To see other variables that were measured in this county, explore the original dataset (https://data.novascotia.ca/d/x9dy-aai9). To learn more about CMAR's Coastal Monitoring Program, visit https://cmar.ca/coastal-monitoring-program/.

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    Lunaris
    Dataset . 2025
    Data sources: Lunaris
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      Lunaris
      Dataset . 2025
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    Authors: Environment and Climate Change Canada | Environnement et Changement climatique Canada;

    Le programme des Indicateurs canadiens de durabilité de l'environnement (ICDE) rend compte de la performance du Canada à l'égard d'enjeux clés en matière de développement durable. L'indicateur sur les Émissions de gaz à effet de serre des installations d'envergure présente les émissions totales de gaz à effet de serre provenant des plus grands émetteurs de gaz à effet de serre au Canada pour l'année de déclaration 2023. Le Programme de déclaration de gaz à effet de serre assure le suivi et la déclaration obligatoire des émissions de gaz à effet de serre par les plus grands émetteurs du Canada. Cette déclaration obligatoire contribue au développement, à la mise en œuvre et à l'évaluation des politiques et stratégies du Canada en matière de changements climatiques et d'énergie. Les données sur les émissions de gaz à effet de serre déclarées dans le cadre du Programme de déclaration des gaz à effet de serre sont utilisées pour le développement des estimations des émissions de gaz à effet de serre au Canada dans le Rapport d'inventaire national et pour appuyer les initiatives de règlementation. Cette information est rendue disponible aux Canadiens sous plusieurs formats : cartes statiques et interactives, figures et graphiques, tableaux de données HTML et CSV et rapports téléchargeables. Voir la documentation supplémentaire pour les sources des données et pour lire comment les données sont collectées et comment l'indicateur est calculé. Indicateurs canadiens de durabilité de l'environnement : https://www.canada.ca/indicateurs-environnementaux The Canadian Environmental Sustainability Indicators (CESI) program provides data and information to track Canada's performance on key environmental sustainability issues. The Greenhouse gas emissions from large facilities indicator reports total greenhouse gas emissions from the largest greenhouse gas emitters in Canada for the 2023 reporting year. The Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program ensures that the greenhouse gas emissions from Canada's largest emitters are tracked and reported. This mandatory reporting contributes to the development, implementation and evaluation of climate change and energy policies and strategies in Canada. Greenhouse gas emissions data reported through the Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program are used to inform the development of estimates of greenhouse gas emissions in Canada in the National Inventory Report, and to support regulatory initiatives. Information is provided to Canadians in a number of formats including: static and interactive maps, charts and graphs, HTML and CSV data tables and downloadable reports. See the supplementary documentation for the data sources and details on how the data were collected and how the indicator was calculated. Canadian Environmental Sustainability Indicators: https://www.canada.ca/environmental-indicators

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    Authors: Environment and Climate Change Canada | Environnement et Changement climatique Canada;

    Le programme des Indicateurs canadiens de durabilité de l'environnement (ICDE) rend compte de la performance du Canada à l'égard d'enjeux clés en matière de développement durable. Les indicateurs donnent un aperçu des émissions de gaz à effet de serre (GES) du Canada projetées jusqu'en 2040. Cet indicateur permet au public et aux décideurs de prendre connaissance des projections modélisées des émissions de GES du Canada par rapport aux cibles de 2030 et de 2035 et au-delà avec des projections jusqu'en 2040. Cette information est rendue disponible aux Canadiens sous plusieurs formats : cartes statiques et interactives, figures et graphiques, tableaux de données HTML et CSV et rapports téléchargeables. Voir la documentation supplémentaire pour les sources des données et pour lire comment les données sont collectées et comment l'indicateur est calculé. Indicateurs canadiens de durabilité de l'environnement : https://www.canada.ca/indicateurs-environnementaux The Canadian Environmental Sustainability Indicators (CESI) program provides data and information to track Canada's performance on key environmental sustainability issues. The indicator provides an overview of Canada's projected greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions up to 2040. The indicator allows the public and policy-makers to see Canada's modelled GHG emissions projections relative to the 2030 and 2035 targets and beyond with projections up to 2040. Information is provided to Canadians in a number of formats including: static and interactive maps, charts and graphs, HTML and CSV data tables and downloadable reports. See the supplementary documentation for the data sources and details on how the data were collected and how the indicator was calculated. Canadian Environmental Sustainability Indicators: https://www.canada.ca/environmental-indicators

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    Authors: Open Data Nova Scotia;

    Temperature data from the Centre for Marine Applied Research's (CMAR) Coastal Monitoring Program. The original dataset includes data measured on intervals of 1 minute to 1 hour. The figure shows the daily average values for the waterbody, station, depth, time period, and quality control flags selected from the dropdown filters. The filtered dataset can be exported using the "Export" button on the right. To see other variables that were measured in this county, explore the original dataset (https://data.novascotia.ca/d/a9za-3t63). To learn more about CMAR's Coastal Monitoring Program, visit https://cmar.ca/coastal-monitoring-program/

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    Lunaris
    Dataset . 2025
    Data sources: Lunaris
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      Lunaris
      Dataset . 2025
      Data sources: Lunaris
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    Authors: Open Data Nova Scotia;

    Temperature data from the Centre for Marine Applied Research's (CMAR) Coastal Monitoring Program. The original dataset includes data measured on intervals of 1 minute to 1 hour. The figure shows the daily average values for the waterbody, station, depth, time period, and quality control flags selected from the dropdown filters. The filtered dataset can be exported using the "Export" button on the right. To see other variables that were measured in this county, explore the original dataset (https://data.novascotia.ca/d/v6sa-tiit). To learn more about CMAR's Coastal Monitoring Program, visit https://cmar.ca/coastal-monitoring-program/.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Lunarisarrow_drop_down
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    Lunaris
    Dataset . 2025
    Data sources: Lunaris
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      Lunaris
      Dataset . 2025
      Data sources: Lunaris
      addClaim

      This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

      You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Open Data Nova Scotia;

    Temperature data from the Centre for Marine Applied Research's (CMAR) Coastal Monitoring Program. The original dataset includes data measured on intervals of 1 minute to 1 hour. The figure shows the daily average values for the waterbody, station, depth, time period, and quality control flags selected from the dropdown filters. The filtered dataset can be exported using the "Export" button on the right. To see other variables that were measured in this county, explore the original dataset (https://data.novascotia.ca/d/eda5-aubu). To learn more about CMAR's Coastal Monitoring Program, visit https://cmar.ca/coastal-monitoring-program/

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Lunarisarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Lunaris
    Dataset . 2025
    Data sources: Lunaris
    addClaim

    This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

    You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.
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      Lunaris
      Dataset . 2025
      Data sources: Lunaris
      addClaim

      This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

      You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.
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