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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis 2015 SpainPublisher:CSIC - Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB) Authors: Del Toro, Francisco;handle: 10261/150806
Este procedimiento permitió evaluar la actividad biológica a 30 ºC de los supresores de silenciamiento HCPro y la proteína 2b. Estos supresores se expresaron bajo el control de promotores eucariotas, o como parte de amplicones virales agroinfiltrados (construcciones de PVX). Los resultados obtenidos demostraron que ambas proteínas eran capaces de suprimir el silenciamiento de un gen reportero de forma tan efectiva a 30 °C como a 25 ºC. En los ensayos de expresión mediante vectores basados en PVX ni la expresión de HCPro ni la de la proteína 2b favorecieron la acumulación viral, a pesar de haberse demostrado su efectividad como supresores a 30 ºC. También se empleó la agroinfiltración para comprobar si un ambiente enriquecido en CO2 alteraba la actividad supresora de HCPro o de la proteína 2b. Los resultados demostraron que ambos factores virales eran tan efectivos en la supresión del silenciamiento sobre un gen reportero en condiciones de elevado CO2 como en las condiciones normales. De igual modo a lo observado a elevada temperatura, la expresión de los mencionados supresores de silenciamiento mediante vectores basados en PVX tampoco favoreció la acumulación viral en condiciones de alto CO2. De todo esto se infiere que ninguno de los factores ambientales estudiados es capaz de afectar negativamente a la eficiencia de dichos supresores para neutralizar el silenciamiento antiviral bajo dichas condiciones, al menos por separado. Por ello, los efectos observados tanto en la infección por PVY como por las construcciones de PVX parecen no estar relacionados con el silenciamiento génico antiviral o con su supresión por factores virales. Para avanzar en el estudio del supresor de silenciamiento viral HCPro de PVY se siguieron dos aproximaciones: una de estudio de su localización y dinámicas subcelulares; y otra de caracterización de los RNAs que pudieran estar unidos a la misma in vivo en el curso de una infección. Para estudiar las dinámicas subcelulares de HCPro in vivo mediante microscopía confocal, éste se expresó en células epidérmicas de N. benthamiana fusionado a distintos marcadores para emitir fluorescencia, bien en su forma monomérica o como homodímero. En paralelo se caracterizaron las actividades funcionales de las proteínas de fusión para determinar si los marcajes afectaban a las funciones de HCPro. La microscopía confocal reveló una diversidad de patrones de distribución subcelular que incluyen una distribución difusa de HCPro por todo el citoplasma, o la presencia de inclusiones irregulares que contenían, al menos algunas de ellas α-tubulina, y cuyo tamaño y número pueden estar condicionados por factores externos. Además se descubrió un patrón de estructuras de tamaño y distribución regulares asociadas tanto al retículo endoplásmico como a los microtúbulos (MTs). At 30 °C the accumulation of PVY and those of the three PVX constructs roughly halved. The severity of symptoms was also much reduced in infections by PVY and symptoms were even absent in plants infected with any of the PVX-derived constructs. By contrast, neither viral accumulation nor its associated symptoms were affected by the elevated temperature in CMV infections. Under elevated CO2 conditions no changes were observed in the intensity of infection symptoms or in their timing of appearance, for any of the viruses studied. However, under those same circumstances the accumulation of PVY and also those of the three PVX constructs was slightly reduced in leaf discs, but it increased with regard to the total protein content contained in those leaf discs. This was so because N. benthamiana plants grown under elevated CO2 conditions grew larger in size than plants grown under normal conditions, but the former contained approximately half the total protein content than the latter in equivalent leaf discs. On the other hand, the accumulation of CMV at elevated CO2 levels increased in both, equivalent leaf discs, and even further with regard to total protein content. Thus, the five viruses analyzed could be clustered into two separate groups based on in their response to elevated temperature or ambient CO2 levels: PVY and the three PVX constructs on the one hand, CMV on the other. The agroinfiltration technique has been widely used to transiently express in plants nucleic acids and the protein products that they may encode. The technique allows the study and quantification of some of the biological properties of those proteins, such as for example the suppressor of antiviral silencing activities of certain viral factors. However, one drawback of the technique is that at temperatures above 29 °C the transfer of genetic information from the bacteria to plant cells is prevented. As one of the objectives of this research was to study the biological activities of the viral silencing suppressors HCPro and the 2b protein at the temperature of 30 °C, a procedure had to be envisaged to allow its use at this non-permissive temperature. It was reasoned that if a time window at 25 °C was allowed after infiltration, some transfer of information from the bacteria to the plant cell would take place, and afterwards when increasing temperature to 30 °C the proteins expressed would accumulate and perform their functions at that temperature. A window time of just 12 hours before placing the plants at 30 °C gave unsatisfactory results, but a 24 hour window at 25 °C allowed the accumulation of several proteins, including a fluorescent protein reporter, comparable to those observed in assays performed all the time at 25 °C. En condiciones de elevado CO2 no se observaron cambios en la intensidad o en el momento de la aparición de los síntomas derivados de las infecciones virales estudiadas. Sin embargo, bajo estas circunstancias ambientales la acumulación de PVY así como las de las construcciones de PVX se vieron ligeramente disminuidas en discos foliares, pero se incrementaron al relativizarlas a las proteínas totales contenidas en los discos foliares. Esto fue así porque las plantas de N. benthamiana crecidas bajo condiciones de elevados niveles de CO2 ambiental alcanzaron mayor tamaño que el de las plantas crecidas en condiciones normales, pero con una cantidad de proteína total en discos de tejido foliar que fue aproximadamente la mitad que la encontrada en discos equivalentes de plantas crecidas en condiciones normales. Por otra parte, la acumulación de CMV aumentó en un ambiente de alto CO2 en discos foliares equivalentes, e incluso más relativizándola a proteínas totales. Los virus analizados se pudieron pues separar en dos grupos según su respuesta, tanto a la elevada temperatura como al elevado CO2 ambiental: PVY y los vectores de PVX por un lado, CMV por el otro. La técnica de la agroinfiltración ha sido ampliamente utilizada para expresar transitoriamente ácidos nucleicos y las proteínas que puedan codificar en plantas. La técnica permite estudiar y cuantificar algunas actividades biológicas, como por ejemplo la supresión del silenciamiento antiviral por ciertas proteínas virales. Sin embargo, un inconveniente de la agroinfiltración es que temperaturas superiores a 29 ºC impiden la transferencia de información genética desde la bacteria a las células vegetales. Dado que uno de los objetivos de este trabajo era el estudio de la actividad de los supresores de silenciamiento virales HCPro y proteína 2b a la temperatura de 30 ºC, se tuvo que diseñar un procedimiento que permitiera su uso. Se razonó que si se permitía una ventana temporal a 25 °C después de la agroinfiltración, la transferencia de información de la bacteria a la planta tendría lugar, y al elevar la temperatura a 30 °C las proteínas expresadas se acumularían y realizarían su función a dicha temperatura. No se obtuvieron resultados satisfactorios dando un lapso de 12 horas a 25 ºC previo al emplazamiento de las plantas a 30 ºC. Sin embargo, un lapso de 24 horas a 25 ºC después de la agroinfiltración permitió la acumulación de varias proteínas, incluyendo la de un marcador fluorescente, comparable a las observadas en ensayos realizados a 25ºC. This procedure allowed the evaluation of the biological activities of the viral suppressors HCPro and 2b protein. Those suppressors were expressed either under the controls of eukaryotic promoters, or as part of agroinfiltrated viral amplicons (PVX constructs). The results obtained showed that both proteins were capable of suppressing the silencing of a reporter gene as effectively at 30 °C as at 25 °C. The expression assays from PVX-based constructs showed that neither HCPro nor the 2b protein helped the virus construct to accumulate further at 30°C, in spite of both proteins being affective suppressors at that temperature. Agroinfiltration was also employed to test whether an enriched CO2 environment altered the suppressor activities of HCPro and of the 2b protein. Results showed that both viral factors were as effective in silencing suppression of a reporter gene at elevated CO2 levels as in normal conditions. Similarly to what was found at elevated temperature, expression of either suppressor from PVX vectors failed to favor viral accumulation at elevated CO2 levels. From all this it can be concluded that neither of the two environmental parameters separately had a negative effect on the effectiveness of thesethe effects on infection by PVY or by the three PVX constructs seem to be unrelated to antiviral gene silencing or its suppression by viral factors. To study further the viral suppressor of silencing HCPro from PVY two approaches were followed: one that studied its subcellular localization and dynamics in vivo; and another one that characterized the RNAs that could be bound to this protein also in vivo during the course of infection. To study HCPro subcellular dynamics in vivo by confocal microscopy, the protein was expressed in N. benthamiana epidermal cells fused to different tags, in order to emit fluorescence either as a monomer, or as a homodimer. In parallel to this, the functional activities of these fusion proteins were characterized, to determine how these tags affected HCPro biological functions. Confocal microscopy observations revealed a diversity of subcellular distribution patterns that included HCPro diffuse distribution throughout the cell cytoplasm, or its presence in irregular inclusions that also contained, at least some of them, α-tubulin, and whose size and number could be influenced by external factors. In addition, a pattern of structures of regular size and distribution was discovered, associated to the endoplasmic reticulum, as well as to microtubules (MTs). La exposición de las células a ciertos estreses originó que HCPro se translocara desde estas estructuras regulares (y quizás también desde otras partes del citoplasma) hacia el citoesqueleto de MTs, hasta cubrirlo completamente. No se observó que HCPro se localizase asociado con los filamentos de actina o con el aparato de Golgi. A pesar de esta asociación con los MTs, la integridad de este citoesqueleto celular no es requerida para que HCPro medie la transmisión de PVY por su insecto vector Myzus persicae, ni tampoco para su supresión del silenciamiento de un gen reportero en ensayos agroinfiltración. La razón funcional de estos patrones y dinámicas subcelulares de HCPro permanece pues por aclarar. Para caracterizar si HCPro une RNAs in vivo y la naturaleza de dichos RNAs se purificó esta proteína marcada con una cola de seis histidinas a partir de tejido de plantas infectadas por un vector viral basado en PVX, que la expresaba. La purificación se realizó en condiciones no desnaturalizantes mediante una resina de agarosa cargada de níquel, y como control el mismo proceso se realizó con plantas infectadas con el vector viral PVX vacio. Los RNAs menores de 500 nucleótidos (nts) se extrajeron de ambas muestras, se procedió a la secuenciación masiva de los mismos. Mediante herramientas bioinformáticas se analizaron y compararon las secuencias obtenidas de ambas muestras. Los resultados muestran que HCPro une RNAs pequeños (sRNAs) de 21 y 22 nts, mostrando preferencia por aquellos de secuencia viral (vsRNAs) sobre los de secuencia de la planta, a pesar de ser estos últimos mucho más numerosos. También une en mucha menor medida algunos RNAs de tamaños mayores, también con secuencias virales. Además, se encontró que los vsRNAs de 21 y 22 nts unidos a HCPro estaban enriquecidos en secuencias que tenían una adenina en su extremo 5’, hecho que no se observó en los RNAs de otros tamaños de secuencia viral o en los sRNAs con secuencias de la planta. Estos resultados sugieren que una forma en la que HCPro podría realizar su función de supresor de silenciamiento sería mediante el secuestro de sRNAs específicos: de 21 y 22 nts, secuencia viral y con adeninas en sus extremos 5’, que de otro modo podrían incorporarse al efector antiviral Argonauta2. Exposure of cells to some stresses caused HCPro to translocate from these regular structures (perhaps also from other parts of the cytoplasm) towards the MT cytoskeleton, coating it completely. No association of HCPro to actin filaments or to the Golgi was observed. In spite of its association with MTs, the integrity of this cellular cytoskeleton was found not to be required for HCPro-mediated transmission of PVY by its insect vector Myzus persicae, or for its suppression of the silencing of a reporter gene in agropatch assays. The functional reasons of these distribution patterns and their dynamics remain thus to be explained. To characterize whether HCPro would bind to RNAs in vivo, and the nature of those bound RNAs the protein tagged with six histidines was purified from leaf tissue of plants infected with a PVX-based vector that expressed it. The purification was performed under non-denaturing conditions using a nickel charged resin, and as control, the same procedure was followed using tissue from plants infected with the empty PVX vector. RNAs of less than 500 nucleotides (nts) were extracted from both samples and deep sequenced. The sequences obtained were analyzed and compared using bioinformatic tools. Results show that HCPro binds to small RNAs (sRNAs) of 21 and 22 nts in length, preferentially to those that have a virus-derived sequence (svRNAs) over those that are of plant sequence, in spite of the latter being much more abundant than the former. It also appears to bind to larger RNAs also of viral sequence, to a much lesser degree. In addition to this, the svRNAs of 21 and 22 nts bound to HCPro were found to be enriched in sequences that had adenines at their 5’-ends. This did not occur in bound RNAs of other sizes or of plant sequence. These results suggest that a way by which HCPro could perform its suppressor function could be through the sequestration of specific types of sRNAs: of 21 and 22 nts in length, of viral sequence and with 5’-end adenines, which could otherwise incorporate into the antiviral Argonaute2 effector. [ES] La presente memoria de investigación presenta y discute los resultados de trabajos que estudian, por un lado, los efectos de dos factores ambientales, la temperatura y los niveles de CO2 en infecciones compatibles de plantas por virus de RNA de polaridad positiva, y también en el silenciamiento antiviral y en su supresión por factores virales. Y por otro lado estudia las propiedades del supresor de silenciamiento viral HCPro del Virus Y de la patata (Potato virus Y, PVY), mediante aproximaciones de biología celular y molecular. Para estudiar cómo incrementos en los valores de estos factores ambientales pueden afectar a las infecciones virales de plantas se estudió su efecto por separado en la infección de la planta Nicotiana benthamiana por varios de estos virus: el Virus del mosaico del pepino (Cucumber mosaic virus, CMV), PVY, y un vector de expresión derivado del Virus X de la patata (Potato virus X, PVX) vacio, o expresando los supresores de silenciamiento de PVY o de CMV, HCPro y la proteína 2b, respectivamente. En condiciones de elevada temperatura (30 ºC) o de elevados niveles de CO2 (970 partes por millón, ppm) se analizaron la acumulación viral sistémica, los síntomas de infección, y la actividad de los supresores de silenciamiento de estos virus, comparándolos con los obtenidos en las condiciones “normales” de 25 ºC y 401 ppm de CO2. A 30 ºC la acumulación de PVY y las de las tres construcciones de PVX se vieron disminuidas a aproximadamente la mitad. La severidad de los síntomas también se redujo mucho en la infección por PVY e incluso no hubo síntomas en las infecciones por los virus derivados de PVX. Por el contrario ni la acumulación viral ni los síntomas asociados se vieron afectados por la elevada temperatura en la infección por CMV. Articulos relacionados Chapter 3. Del Toro, Francisco ; Tenllado, Francisco ; Chung, Bong-Nam; Canto, Tomás A procedure for the transient expression of genes by agroinfiltration above the permissive threshold to study temperature-sensitive processes in plant–pathogen interactions. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mpp.12136 http://digital.csic.es/handle/10261/98317 Chapter 4. Del Toro, Francisco ; Aguilar, Emmanuel; Hernández-Walias, Francisco J.; Tenllado, Francisco ; Chung, Bong-Nam; Canto, Tomás High temperature, high ambient CO2 affect the interactions between three positive-sense RNA viruses and a compatible host differentially, but not their silencing suppression efficiencies http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1371/journal.pone.0136062 http://digital.csic.es/handle/10261/122398 Chapter 5. Del Toro, Francisco ; Tena, Fátima ; Tilsner, Jens; Wright, Kathryn M.; Tenllado, Francisco ; Chung, Bong-Nam; Praveen, Shelly; Canto, Tomás Potato virus Y HCPro localization at distinct, dynamically related and environment-influenced structures in the cell cytoplasm http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/MPMI-05-14-0155-R http://digital.csic.es/handle/10261/108300 Chapter 6. Del Toro, Francisco ; Donaire, Livia ; Aguilar, Emmanuel; Chung, Bong-Nam; Tenllado, Francisco ; Canto, Tomás Potato virus Y HCPro suppression of antiviral silencing in Nicotiana benthamiana plants correlates with its ability to bind in vivo to 21- and 22-nucleotide small RNAs of viral sequence. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.00367-17 http://digital.csic.es/handle/10261/148269 [EN] This Research Report presents and discusses results obtained in work that on the one hand studies effects that the environmental factors temperature and ambient CO2 levels cause on compatible infections of plants by positive-sense RNA viruses and also on the antiviral silencing defense and its suppression by viral factors. And on the other hand, studies the properties of the viral suppressor of silencing HCPro from Potato virus Y (PVY), using cell and molecular biology experimental approaches. To study how increases in the values of those two environmental factors could affect viral infections of plants we addressed each separately in infections of the host Nicotiana benthamiana by several viruses: Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), PVY, and a viral expression vector derived from Potato virus X (PVX) either empty, or expressing the suppressors of silencing of PVY or CMV, HCPro and 2b protein, respectively. Systemic viral accumulation levels, infection symptoms, and the activities of the viral suppressors were analyzed under elevated temperature conditions (30 ºC) or under elevated ambient levels of CO2 (970 parts per million, ppm) and were compared to those found at the “normal” conditions of 25 ºC and 401 ppm levels of CO2. Proyecto “Función de determinantes de patogenicidad viral en los balances que seestablecen en interacciones compatibles virus RNA-planta” del Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO) de España y proyecto (PJ00946102) de la Rural Development Administration de la República de Corea en cooperación con el CSIC
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Thesis , Master thesis 2018 SpainPublisher:Unpublished Authors: Guillaumet, María Paula;handle: 2117/123084
Se procederá a la modelización urbana mediante GIS para la planificación energética en el caso de Escaldes-Engordany (Andorra)
Recolector de Cienci... arrow_drop_down Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAMaster thesis . 2018License: CC BY NC SAData sources: Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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visibility 62visibility views 62 download downloads 272 Powered bymore_vert Recolector de Cienci... arrow_drop_down Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAMaster thesis . 2018License: CC BY NC SAData sources: Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2019Publisher:Zenodo Funded by:EC | TESSe2bEC| TESSe2bAuthors: Garcia J., Coelho L.;PRO Instalaciones - Revista técnica para los profesionales de las instalaciones.
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visibility 25visibility views 25 download downloads 15 Powered bymore_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Report 2023Embargo end date: 31 May 2023Publisher:Zenodo Authors: Pérez Sánchez, Cristina; Sierra-Montoya, Miquel; Madrid-López, Cristina;Las políticas energéticas se diseñan con el apoyo de modelos energéticos tecno-económicos que no son capaces de valorar muchos de los impactos ambientales y sociales que la transición energética puede conllevar. La herramienta de código abierto ENBIOS (Environmental and Bioeconomic System Assessment) ha sido diseñada para llenar este vacío y combina dos marcos metodológicos muy reconocidos en el estudio de la sostenibilidad: el análisis de ciclo de vida y el análisis del metabolismo social. Para entender las perspectivas de distintos grupos de interés (política, ciencia, industria y ONGs) sobre las cuestiones que se deben considerar al planificar la transición energética, en LIVEN organizamos un taller en el que participaron 14 personas de distintas entidades. El taller tuvo lugar en Junio de 2022 de forma virtual y siguió una metodología Delphi, con una encuesta inicial que valoraba la importancia de distintos impactos ambientales y sociales de los sistemas energéticos, seguida de una presentación de las respuestas agregadas, una discusión en la que se profundizaba los factores y por último una segunda ronda de la encuesta. En este informe se recogen los resultados del proceso participativo y su implementación en la modelización de impactos ambientales de los escenarios del PNIEC con ENBIOS. This research is funded by the Spanish Research Agency with grant PID2020-119565RJ-I00. Opinions are the authors'.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Other literature type 2013Publisher:OpenAlex Authors: Tiziana Fornari; Elena Pérez Hernández; Grasiara Naya S; Guillermo Reglero R.;L'éthanolyse de l'huile de tournesol catalysée par la lipase de Pseudomonas cepacia à 40 oC a été réalisée en utilisant du dioxyde de carbone dense comme moyen de réaction. Dans le mélange réactionnel (éthanol + huile de tournesol), 45 % p/p de CO2 ont été dissous à 130 bar de pression. Le comportement cinétique a été étudié par échantillonnage à différentes périodes de temps. La réaction d'éthanolyse en milieu expansé avec du CO2 a été comparée à la réaction réalisée dans un récipient fermé hermétiquement sans CO2, à pression ambiante, à la même température, à la même charge de substrats et à la même quantité de lipase immobilisée que dans le premier. Dans les deux cas, le biocatalyseur a montré un degré similaire de désactivation après les réactions respectives d'éthanolyse. Les données expérimentales obtenues pour les réactions respectives ont été corrélées à l'aide d'un modèle cinétique simplifié. Se llevó a cabo la etanolisis de aceite de girasol catalizada por lipasa de Pseudomonas cepacia a 40 oC usando dióxido de carbono denso como medio de reacción. En la mezcla de reacción (etanol + aceite de girasol) se disolvió 45% p/p de CO2 a 130 bar de presión. Se estudió el comportamiento cinético a través de muestreo a diferentes períodos de tiempo. Se comparó la reacción de etanolisis en medio expandido con CO2 con la reacción llevada a cabo en un recipiente cerrado herméticamente sin CO2, a presión ambiente, a la misma temperatura, la misma carga de sustratos y la misma cantidad de lipasa inmovilizada que en la primera. En ambos casos, el biocatalizador mostró similar grado de desactivación después de las respectivas reacciones etanólisis. Los datos experimentales obtenidos para las respectivas reacciones se correlacionaron utilizando un modelo cinético simplificado. Pseudomonas cepacia lipase-catalyzed ethanolysis of sunflower oil was carried out at 40 oC using dense carbon dioxide as the reaction medium. In the reaction mixture (ethanol + sunflower oil) 45% w/w CO2 was dissolved at 130 bar pressure. Kinetic behavior was studied through sampling at different time periods. The ethanolysis reaction in CO2-expanded medium was compared with the reaction carried out in a sealed vessel without CO2, at ambient pressure, at the same temperature, the same load of substrates and the same amount of immobilized lipase as in the first one. In both cases, the biocatalyst showed similar degree of deactivation after the respective ethanolysis reactions. The experimental data obtained for the respective reactions were correlated using a simplified kinetic model. تم إجراء تحليل الإيثانول المحفز بزيت عباد الشمس عند 40 درجة مئوية باستخدام ثاني أكسيد الكربون الكثيف كوسيط تفاعل. في خليط التفاعل (الإيثانول + زيت عباد الشمس) تم إذابة 45 ٪ وزن/وزن من ثاني أكسيد الكربون عند ضغط 130 بار. تمت دراسة السلوك الحركي من خلال أخذ العينات في فترات زمنية مختلفة. تمت مقارنة تفاعل تحليل الإيثانول في الوسط الموسع لثاني أكسيد الكربون مع التفاعل الذي تم إجراؤه في وعاء محكم الإغلاق بدون ثاني أكسيد الكربون، عند الضغط المحيط، عند نفس درجة الحرارة، ونفس حمل الركائز ونفس كمية الليباز المثبت كما في الأول. في كلتا الحالتين، أظهر المحفز الحيوي درجة مماثلة من التعطيل بعد تفاعلات تحليل الإيثانول المعنية. تم ربط البيانات التجريبية التي تم الحصول عليها للتفاعلات ذات الصلة باستخدام نموذج حركي مبسط.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euapps Other research productkeyboard_double_arrow_right Other ORP type , Other literature type 2019Publisher:Zenodo Funded by:EC | TESSe2bEC| TESSe2bAuthors: ECOSERVEIS;News Digital Journal - VeuAnoia
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euapps Other research productkeyboard_double_arrow_right Other ORP type 2021Publisher:Zenodo Funded by:EC | MAGICEC| MAGICAuthors: Ramos, C.S.C;Evaluaci��n de alternativas agr��colas con especies de gram��neas perennes para biomasa en tierras marginales
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euResearch data keyboard_double_arrow_right Dataset 2023 European UnionPublisher:Gobierno de las Islas Baleares Зона фотоелектричного самоспоживання Спільний (Базовий інститут енергетики) Zona de autoconsumo fotovoltaico compartilhado (Baear Institute of Energy) Zona Fotoelektros energijos vartojimas bendrai (Baear Institute of Energy) Ζώνη Φωτοβολταϊκής Αυτοκατανάλωσης Κοινόχρηστη (Baear Institute of Energy) Photovoltaics Area of Shared Self-consumption (Balearic Energry Institute) Strefa Fotowoltaiczna Self-Consumption Shared (Baear Institute of Energy) Partage de l’autoconsommation photovoltaïque (Baear Institute of Energy) Vyöhyke aurinkosähkön itsekulutuksen jaettu (Baear Institute of Energy) Crios Photovoltaic Féin-Tomhaltas Comhroinn (Baear Institute of Energy) Zona Fotovoltaiques Autoconsum Compartit IBE
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euResearch data keyboard_double_arrow_right Dataset 2022 European UnionRepresentación a efectos informativos, sin carácter vinculante, de las líneas de evacuación (LE)de los parques eólicos para las que se han solicitado una autorización de implantación, que están siendo informadas por los diferentes departamentos de la Generalitat Valenciana Rappreżentazzjoni għal skopijiet ta’ informazzjoni, mingħajr karattru vinkolanti, tal-linji ta’ evakwazzjoni (LE) tal-parks eoliċi li għalihom intalbet awtorizzazzjoni ta’ implimentazzjoni, li qed jiġu infurmati mid-dipartimenti differenti tal-Generalitat Valenciana Representació a efectes informatius, sense caràcter vinculant, de les línies d'evacuació (LE)de les parcs eòlics per a les quals s'han sol·licitat una autorització d'implantació, que estan sent informades pels diferents departaments de la Generalitat Valenciana Vertegenwoordiging ter informatie, zonder bindend karakter, van de evacuatielijnen (LE) van de windparken waarvoor een vergunning voor de tenuitvoerlegging is aangevraagd, die door de verschillende departementen van de Generalitat Valenciana worden geïnformeerd Représentation à titre d’information, sans caractère contraignant, des lignes d’évacuation (LE) des parcs éoliens pour lesquels une autorisation de mise en œuvre a été demandée, qui sont informées par les différents services de la Generalitat Valenciana Rappresentazione a scopo informativo, senza carattere vincolante, delle linee di evacuazione (LE) dei parchi eolici per i quali è stata richiesta l'autorizzazione di attuazione, che vengono informati dai diversi dipartimenti della Generalitat Valenciana Representação, a título informativo, sem caráter vinculativo, das linhas de evacuação (LE) dos parques eólicos para os quais foi solicitada uma autorização de execução, que estão a ser informadas pelos diferentes departamentos da Generalitat Valenciana Vertretung zu Informationszwecken ohne verbindlichen Charakter der Evakuierungslinien (LE) der Windparks, für die eine Genehmigung der Durchführung beantragt wurde, die von den verschiedenen Abteilungen der Generalitat Valenciana unterrichtet werden Reprezentarea în scop informativ, fără caracter obligatoriu, a liniilor de evacuare (LE) ale parcurilor eoliene pentru care s-a solicitat o autorizație de punere în aplicare, care sunt informate de diferitele departamente ale Generalitat Valenciana Representation for merely informative effects of the evacuation powerlines (LE) of the wind farms for which an implementation authorization has been requested, which are being informed by the different departments of the Generalitat Valenciana
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euResearch data keyboard_double_arrow_right Dataset 2023 European UnionPublisher:Instituto Nacional de Estadística Tábla INEBASE Innéacsanna ag Pobail Fhéinrialaitheacha Grúpaí Speisialta. Bliantúil. Pobail agus Cathracha Féinrialaitheacha. Innéacs Praghsanna do Thomhaltóirí (CPI) Tabella ta’ INEBASE Indiċi mill-Komunitajiet Awtonomi ta’ Gruppi Speċjali. Kull sena. Komunitajiet u Bliet Awtonomi. Indiċi tal-Prezzijiet għall-Konsumatur (CPI) INEBASE-tabel Indexcijfers van de autonome gemeenschappen van speciale groepen. Jaarlijks. Gemeenschappen en autonome steden. Consumentenprijsindex (CPI) Tableau INEBASE Indices par communautés autonomes de groupes spéciaux. Annuel. Communautés et villes autonomes. Indice des prix à la consommation (IPC) Tabla de INEbase Índices por comunidades autónomas de grupos especiales. Anual. Comunidades y Ciudades Autónomas. Índice de Precios de Consumo (IPC) Quadro INEBASE Índices por Comunidades Autónomas de Grupos Especiais. Anual. Comunidades e Cidades Autónomas. Índice de Preços no Consumidor (IPC) Таблица INEBASE Индекси на автономните области на специалните групи. Годишно. Общините и автономните градове. Индекс на потребителските цени (ИПЦ) Tabelul INEBASE Indici pe comunități autonome ale grupurilor speciale. Anuală. Comunități și orașe autonome. Indicele prețurilor de consum (IPC) Tabela INEBASE Indeksy Autonomicznych Wspólnot Specjalnych Grup. Roczne. Społeczności i Autonomiczne Miasta. Wskaźnik cen konsumpcyjnych (CPI) INEBASE Tabelle Indizes nach Autonomen Gemeinschaften von Sondergruppen. Jährlich. Gemeinden und autonome Städte. Verbraucherpreisindex (VPI)
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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis 2015 SpainPublisher:CSIC - Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB) Authors: Del Toro, Francisco;handle: 10261/150806
Este procedimiento permitió evaluar la actividad biológica a 30 ºC de los supresores de silenciamiento HCPro y la proteína 2b. Estos supresores se expresaron bajo el control de promotores eucariotas, o como parte de amplicones virales agroinfiltrados (construcciones de PVX). Los resultados obtenidos demostraron que ambas proteínas eran capaces de suprimir el silenciamiento de un gen reportero de forma tan efectiva a 30 °C como a 25 ºC. En los ensayos de expresión mediante vectores basados en PVX ni la expresión de HCPro ni la de la proteína 2b favorecieron la acumulación viral, a pesar de haberse demostrado su efectividad como supresores a 30 ºC. También se empleó la agroinfiltración para comprobar si un ambiente enriquecido en CO2 alteraba la actividad supresora de HCPro o de la proteína 2b. Los resultados demostraron que ambos factores virales eran tan efectivos en la supresión del silenciamiento sobre un gen reportero en condiciones de elevado CO2 como en las condiciones normales. De igual modo a lo observado a elevada temperatura, la expresión de los mencionados supresores de silenciamiento mediante vectores basados en PVX tampoco favoreció la acumulación viral en condiciones de alto CO2. De todo esto se infiere que ninguno de los factores ambientales estudiados es capaz de afectar negativamente a la eficiencia de dichos supresores para neutralizar el silenciamiento antiviral bajo dichas condiciones, al menos por separado. Por ello, los efectos observados tanto en la infección por PVY como por las construcciones de PVX parecen no estar relacionados con el silenciamiento génico antiviral o con su supresión por factores virales. Para avanzar en el estudio del supresor de silenciamiento viral HCPro de PVY se siguieron dos aproximaciones: una de estudio de su localización y dinámicas subcelulares; y otra de caracterización de los RNAs que pudieran estar unidos a la misma in vivo en el curso de una infección. Para estudiar las dinámicas subcelulares de HCPro in vivo mediante microscopía confocal, éste se expresó en células epidérmicas de N. benthamiana fusionado a distintos marcadores para emitir fluorescencia, bien en su forma monomérica o como homodímero. En paralelo se caracterizaron las actividades funcionales de las proteínas de fusión para determinar si los marcajes afectaban a las funciones de HCPro. La microscopía confocal reveló una diversidad de patrones de distribución subcelular que incluyen una distribución difusa de HCPro por todo el citoplasma, o la presencia de inclusiones irregulares que contenían, al menos algunas de ellas α-tubulina, y cuyo tamaño y número pueden estar condicionados por factores externos. Además se descubrió un patrón de estructuras de tamaño y distribución regulares asociadas tanto al retículo endoplásmico como a los microtúbulos (MTs). At 30 °C the accumulation of PVY and those of the three PVX constructs roughly halved. The severity of symptoms was also much reduced in infections by PVY and symptoms were even absent in plants infected with any of the PVX-derived constructs. By contrast, neither viral accumulation nor its associated symptoms were affected by the elevated temperature in CMV infections. Under elevated CO2 conditions no changes were observed in the intensity of infection symptoms or in their timing of appearance, for any of the viruses studied. However, under those same circumstances the accumulation of PVY and also those of the three PVX constructs was slightly reduced in leaf discs, but it increased with regard to the total protein content contained in those leaf discs. This was so because N. benthamiana plants grown under elevated CO2 conditions grew larger in size than plants grown under normal conditions, but the former contained approximately half the total protein content than the latter in equivalent leaf discs. On the other hand, the accumulation of CMV at elevated CO2 levels increased in both, equivalent leaf discs, and even further with regard to total protein content. Thus, the five viruses analyzed could be clustered into two separate groups based on in their response to elevated temperature or ambient CO2 levels: PVY and the three PVX constructs on the one hand, CMV on the other. The agroinfiltration technique has been widely used to transiently express in plants nucleic acids and the protein products that they may encode. The technique allows the study and quantification of some of the biological properties of those proteins, such as for example the suppressor of antiviral silencing activities of certain viral factors. However, one drawback of the technique is that at temperatures above 29 °C the transfer of genetic information from the bacteria to plant cells is prevented. As one of the objectives of this research was to study the biological activities of the viral silencing suppressors HCPro and the 2b protein at the temperature of 30 °C, a procedure had to be envisaged to allow its use at this non-permissive temperature. It was reasoned that if a time window at 25 °C was allowed after infiltration, some transfer of information from the bacteria to the plant cell would take place, and afterwards when increasing temperature to 30 °C the proteins expressed would accumulate and perform their functions at that temperature. A window time of just 12 hours before placing the plants at 30 °C gave unsatisfactory results, but a 24 hour window at 25 °C allowed the accumulation of several proteins, including a fluorescent protein reporter, comparable to those observed in assays performed all the time at 25 °C. En condiciones de elevado CO2 no se observaron cambios en la intensidad o en el momento de la aparición de los síntomas derivados de las infecciones virales estudiadas. Sin embargo, bajo estas circunstancias ambientales la acumulación de PVY así como las de las construcciones de PVX se vieron ligeramente disminuidas en discos foliares, pero se incrementaron al relativizarlas a las proteínas totales contenidas en los discos foliares. Esto fue así porque las plantas de N. benthamiana crecidas bajo condiciones de elevados niveles de CO2 ambiental alcanzaron mayor tamaño que el de las plantas crecidas en condiciones normales, pero con una cantidad de proteína total en discos de tejido foliar que fue aproximadamente la mitad que la encontrada en discos equivalentes de plantas crecidas en condiciones normales. Por otra parte, la acumulación de CMV aumentó en un ambiente de alto CO2 en discos foliares equivalentes, e incluso más relativizándola a proteínas totales. Los virus analizados se pudieron pues separar en dos grupos según su respuesta, tanto a la elevada temperatura como al elevado CO2 ambiental: PVY y los vectores de PVX por un lado, CMV por el otro. La técnica de la agroinfiltración ha sido ampliamente utilizada para expresar transitoriamente ácidos nucleicos y las proteínas que puedan codificar en plantas. La técnica permite estudiar y cuantificar algunas actividades biológicas, como por ejemplo la supresión del silenciamiento antiviral por ciertas proteínas virales. Sin embargo, un inconveniente de la agroinfiltración es que temperaturas superiores a 29 ºC impiden la transferencia de información genética desde la bacteria a las células vegetales. Dado que uno de los objetivos de este trabajo era el estudio de la actividad de los supresores de silenciamiento virales HCPro y proteína 2b a la temperatura de 30 ºC, se tuvo que diseñar un procedimiento que permitiera su uso. Se razonó que si se permitía una ventana temporal a 25 °C después de la agroinfiltración, la transferencia de información de la bacteria a la planta tendría lugar, y al elevar la temperatura a 30 °C las proteínas expresadas se acumularían y realizarían su función a dicha temperatura. No se obtuvieron resultados satisfactorios dando un lapso de 12 horas a 25 ºC previo al emplazamiento de las plantas a 30 ºC. Sin embargo, un lapso de 24 horas a 25 ºC después de la agroinfiltración permitió la acumulación de varias proteínas, incluyendo la de un marcador fluorescente, comparable a las observadas en ensayos realizados a 25ºC. This procedure allowed the evaluation of the biological activities of the viral suppressors HCPro and 2b protein. Those suppressors were expressed either under the controls of eukaryotic promoters, or as part of agroinfiltrated viral amplicons (PVX constructs). The results obtained showed that both proteins were capable of suppressing the silencing of a reporter gene as effectively at 30 °C as at 25 °C. The expression assays from PVX-based constructs showed that neither HCPro nor the 2b protein helped the virus construct to accumulate further at 30°C, in spite of both proteins being affective suppressors at that temperature. Agroinfiltration was also employed to test whether an enriched CO2 environment altered the suppressor activities of HCPro and of the 2b protein. Results showed that both viral factors were as effective in silencing suppression of a reporter gene at elevated CO2 levels as in normal conditions. Similarly to what was found at elevated temperature, expression of either suppressor from PVX vectors failed to favor viral accumulation at elevated CO2 levels. From all this it can be concluded that neither of the two environmental parameters separately had a negative effect on the effectiveness of thesethe effects on infection by PVY or by the three PVX constructs seem to be unrelated to antiviral gene silencing or its suppression by viral factors. To study further the viral suppressor of silencing HCPro from PVY two approaches were followed: one that studied its subcellular localization and dynamics in vivo; and another one that characterized the RNAs that could be bound to this protein also in vivo during the course of infection. To study HCPro subcellular dynamics in vivo by confocal microscopy, the protein was expressed in N. benthamiana epidermal cells fused to different tags, in order to emit fluorescence either as a monomer, or as a homodimer. In parallel to this, the functional activities of these fusion proteins were characterized, to determine how these tags affected HCPro biological functions. Confocal microscopy observations revealed a diversity of subcellular distribution patterns that included HCPro diffuse distribution throughout the cell cytoplasm, or its presence in irregular inclusions that also contained, at least some of them, α-tubulin, and whose size and number could be influenced by external factors. In addition, a pattern of structures of regular size and distribution was discovered, associated to the endoplasmic reticulum, as well as to microtubules (MTs). La exposición de las células a ciertos estreses originó que HCPro se translocara desde estas estructuras regulares (y quizás también desde otras partes del citoplasma) hacia el citoesqueleto de MTs, hasta cubrirlo completamente. No se observó que HCPro se localizase asociado con los filamentos de actina o con el aparato de Golgi. A pesar de esta asociación con los MTs, la integridad de este citoesqueleto celular no es requerida para que HCPro medie la transmisión de PVY por su insecto vector Myzus persicae, ni tampoco para su supresión del silenciamiento de un gen reportero en ensayos agroinfiltración. La razón funcional de estos patrones y dinámicas subcelulares de HCPro permanece pues por aclarar. Para caracterizar si HCPro une RNAs in vivo y la naturaleza de dichos RNAs se purificó esta proteína marcada con una cola de seis histidinas a partir de tejido de plantas infectadas por un vector viral basado en PVX, que la expresaba. La purificación se realizó en condiciones no desnaturalizantes mediante una resina de agarosa cargada de níquel, y como control el mismo proceso se realizó con plantas infectadas con el vector viral PVX vacio. Los RNAs menores de 500 nucleótidos (nts) se extrajeron de ambas muestras, se procedió a la secuenciación masiva de los mismos. Mediante herramientas bioinformáticas se analizaron y compararon las secuencias obtenidas de ambas muestras. Los resultados muestran que HCPro une RNAs pequeños (sRNAs) de 21 y 22 nts, mostrando preferencia por aquellos de secuencia viral (vsRNAs) sobre los de secuencia de la planta, a pesar de ser estos últimos mucho más numerosos. También une en mucha menor medida algunos RNAs de tamaños mayores, también con secuencias virales. Además, se encontró que los vsRNAs de 21 y 22 nts unidos a HCPro estaban enriquecidos en secuencias que tenían una adenina en su extremo 5’, hecho que no se observó en los RNAs de otros tamaños de secuencia viral o en los sRNAs con secuencias de la planta. Estos resultados sugieren que una forma en la que HCPro podría realizar su función de supresor de silenciamiento sería mediante el secuestro de sRNAs específicos: de 21 y 22 nts, secuencia viral y con adeninas en sus extremos 5’, que de otro modo podrían incorporarse al efector antiviral Argonauta2. Exposure of cells to some stresses caused HCPro to translocate from these regular structures (perhaps also from other parts of the cytoplasm) towards the MT cytoskeleton, coating it completely. No association of HCPro to actin filaments or to the Golgi was observed. In spite of its association with MTs, the integrity of this cellular cytoskeleton was found not to be required for HCPro-mediated transmission of PVY by its insect vector Myzus persicae, or for its suppression of the silencing of a reporter gene in agropatch assays. The functional reasons of these distribution patterns and their dynamics remain thus to be explained. To characterize whether HCPro would bind to RNAs in vivo, and the nature of those bound RNAs the protein tagged with six histidines was purified from leaf tissue of plants infected with a PVX-based vector that expressed it. The purification was performed under non-denaturing conditions using a nickel charged resin, and as control, the same procedure was followed using tissue from plants infected with the empty PVX vector. RNAs of less than 500 nucleotides (nts) were extracted from both samples and deep sequenced. The sequences obtained were analyzed and compared using bioinformatic tools. Results show that HCPro binds to small RNAs (sRNAs) of 21 and 22 nts in length, preferentially to those that have a virus-derived sequence (svRNAs) over those that are of plant sequence, in spite of the latter being much more abundant than the former. It also appears to bind to larger RNAs also of viral sequence, to a much lesser degree. In addition to this, the svRNAs of 21 and 22 nts bound to HCPro were found to be enriched in sequences that had adenines at their 5’-ends. This did not occur in bound RNAs of other sizes or of plant sequence. These results suggest that a way by which HCPro could perform its suppressor function could be through the sequestration of specific types of sRNAs: of 21 and 22 nts in length, of viral sequence and with 5’-end adenines, which could otherwise incorporate into the antiviral Argonaute2 effector. [ES] La presente memoria de investigación presenta y discute los resultados de trabajos que estudian, por un lado, los efectos de dos factores ambientales, la temperatura y los niveles de CO2 en infecciones compatibles de plantas por virus de RNA de polaridad positiva, y también en el silenciamiento antiviral y en su supresión por factores virales. Y por otro lado estudia las propiedades del supresor de silenciamiento viral HCPro del Virus Y de la patata (Potato virus Y, PVY), mediante aproximaciones de biología celular y molecular. Para estudiar cómo incrementos en los valores de estos factores ambientales pueden afectar a las infecciones virales de plantas se estudió su efecto por separado en la infección de la planta Nicotiana benthamiana por varios de estos virus: el Virus del mosaico del pepino (Cucumber mosaic virus, CMV), PVY, y un vector de expresión derivado del Virus X de la patata (Potato virus X, PVX) vacio, o expresando los supresores de silenciamiento de PVY o de CMV, HCPro y la proteína 2b, respectivamente. En condiciones de elevada temperatura (30 ºC) o de elevados niveles de CO2 (970 partes por millón, ppm) se analizaron la acumulación viral sistémica, los síntomas de infección, y la actividad de los supresores de silenciamiento de estos virus, comparándolos con los obtenidos en las condiciones “normales” de 25 ºC y 401 ppm de CO2. A 30 ºC la acumulación de PVY y las de las tres construcciones de PVX se vieron disminuidas a aproximadamente la mitad. La severidad de los síntomas también se redujo mucho en la infección por PVY e incluso no hubo síntomas en las infecciones por los virus derivados de PVX. Por el contrario ni la acumulación viral ni los síntomas asociados se vieron afectados por la elevada temperatura en la infección por CMV. Articulos relacionados Chapter 3. Del Toro, Francisco ; Tenllado, Francisco ; Chung, Bong-Nam; Canto, Tomás A procedure for the transient expression of genes by agroinfiltration above the permissive threshold to study temperature-sensitive processes in plant–pathogen interactions. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mpp.12136 http://digital.csic.es/handle/10261/98317 Chapter 4. Del Toro, Francisco ; Aguilar, Emmanuel; Hernández-Walias, Francisco J.; Tenllado, Francisco ; Chung, Bong-Nam; Canto, Tomás High temperature, high ambient CO2 affect the interactions between three positive-sense RNA viruses and a compatible host differentially, but not their silencing suppression efficiencies http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1371/journal.pone.0136062 http://digital.csic.es/handle/10261/122398 Chapter 5. Del Toro, Francisco ; Tena, Fátima ; Tilsner, Jens; Wright, Kathryn M.; Tenllado, Francisco ; Chung, Bong-Nam; Praveen, Shelly; Canto, Tomás Potato virus Y HCPro localization at distinct, dynamically related and environment-influenced structures in the cell cytoplasm http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/MPMI-05-14-0155-R http://digital.csic.es/handle/10261/108300 Chapter 6. Del Toro, Francisco ; Donaire, Livia ; Aguilar, Emmanuel; Chung, Bong-Nam; Tenllado, Francisco ; Canto, Tomás Potato virus Y HCPro suppression of antiviral silencing in Nicotiana benthamiana plants correlates with its ability to bind in vivo to 21- and 22-nucleotide small RNAs of viral sequence. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.00367-17 http://digital.csic.es/handle/10261/148269 [EN] This Research Report presents and discusses results obtained in work that on the one hand studies effects that the environmental factors temperature and ambient CO2 levels cause on compatible infections of plants by positive-sense RNA viruses and also on the antiviral silencing defense and its suppression by viral factors. And on the other hand, studies the properties of the viral suppressor of silencing HCPro from Potato virus Y (PVY), using cell and molecular biology experimental approaches. To study how increases in the values of those two environmental factors could affect viral infections of plants we addressed each separately in infections of the host Nicotiana benthamiana by several viruses: Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), PVY, and a viral expression vector derived from Potato virus X (PVX) either empty, or expressing the suppressors of silencing of PVY or CMV, HCPro and 2b protein, respectively. Systemic viral accumulation levels, infection symptoms, and the activities of the viral suppressors were analyzed under elevated temperature conditions (30 ºC) or under elevated ambient levels of CO2 (970 parts per million, ppm) and were compared to those found at the “normal” conditions of 25 ºC and 401 ppm levels of CO2. Proyecto “Función de determinantes de patogenicidad viral en los balances que seestablecen en interacciones compatibles virus RNA-planta” del Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO) de España y proyecto (PJ00946102) de la Rural Development Administration de la República de Corea en cooperación con el CSIC
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Thesis , Master thesis 2018 SpainPublisher:Unpublished Authors: Guillaumet, María Paula;handle: 2117/123084
Se procederá a la modelización urbana mediante GIS para la planificación energética en el caso de Escaldes-Engordany (Andorra)
Recolector de Cienci... arrow_drop_down Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAMaster thesis . 2018License: CC BY NC SAData sources: Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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visibility 62visibility views 62 download downloads 272 Powered bymore_vert Recolector de Cienci... arrow_drop_down Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAMaster thesis . 2018License: CC BY NC SAData sources: Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2019Publisher:Zenodo Funded by:EC | TESSe2bEC| TESSe2bAuthors: Garcia J., Coelho L.;PRO Instalaciones - Revista técnica para los profesionales de las instalaciones.
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visibility 25visibility views 25 download downloads 15 Powered bymore_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Report 2023Embargo end date: 31 May 2023Publisher:Zenodo Authors: Pérez Sánchez, Cristina; Sierra-Montoya, Miquel; Madrid-López, Cristina;Las políticas energéticas se diseñan con el apoyo de modelos energéticos tecno-económicos que no son capaces de valorar muchos de los impactos ambientales y sociales que la transición energética puede conllevar. La herramienta de código abierto ENBIOS (Environmental and Bioeconomic System Assessment) ha sido diseñada para llenar este vacío y combina dos marcos metodológicos muy reconocidos en el estudio de la sostenibilidad: el análisis de ciclo de vida y el análisis del metabolismo social. Para entender las perspectivas de distintos grupos de interés (política, ciencia, industria y ONGs) sobre las cuestiones que se deben considerar al planificar la transición energética, en LIVEN organizamos un taller en el que participaron 14 personas de distintas entidades. El taller tuvo lugar en Junio de 2022 de forma virtual y siguió una metodología Delphi, con una encuesta inicial que valoraba la importancia de distintos impactos ambientales y sociales de los sistemas energéticos, seguida de una presentación de las respuestas agregadas, una discusión en la que se profundizaba los factores y por último una segunda ronda de la encuesta. En este informe se recogen los resultados del proceso participativo y su implementación en la modelización de impactos ambientales de los escenarios del PNIEC con ENBIOS. This research is funded by the Spanish Research Agency with grant PID2020-119565RJ-I00. Opinions are the authors'.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Other literature type 2013Publisher:OpenAlex Authors: Tiziana Fornari; Elena Pérez Hernández; Grasiara Naya S; Guillermo Reglero R.;L'éthanolyse de l'huile de tournesol catalysée par la lipase de Pseudomonas cepacia à 40 oC a été réalisée en utilisant du dioxyde de carbone dense comme moyen de réaction. Dans le mélange réactionnel (éthanol + huile de tournesol), 45 % p/p de CO2 ont été dissous à 130 bar de pression. Le comportement cinétique a été étudié par échantillonnage à différentes périodes de temps. La réaction d'éthanolyse en milieu expansé avec du CO2 a été comparée à la réaction réalisée dans un récipient fermé hermétiquement sans CO2, à pression ambiante, à la même température, à la même charge de substrats et à la même quantité de lipase immobilisée que dans le premier. Dans les deux cas, le biocatalyseur a montré un degré similaire de désactivation après les réactions respectives d'éthanolyse. Les données expérimentales obtenues pour les réactions respectives ont été corrélées à l'aide d'un modèle cinétique simplifié. Se llevó a cabo la etanolisis de aceite de girasol catalizada por lipasa de Pseudomonas cepacia a 40 oC usando dióxido de carbono denso como medio de reacción. En la mezcla de reacción (etanol + aceite de girasol) se disolvió 45% p/p de CO2 a 130 bar de presión. Se estudió el comportamiento cinético a través de muestreo a diferentes períodos de tiempo. Se comparó la reacción de etanolisis en medio expandido con CO2 con la reacción llevada a cabo en un recipiente cerrado herméticamente sin CO2, a presión ambiente, a la misma temperatura, la misma carga de sustratos y la misma cantidad de lipasa inmovilizada que en la primera. En ambos casos, el biocatalizador mostró similar grado de desactivación después de las respectivas reacciones etanólisis. Los datos experimentales obtenidos para las respectivas reacciones se correlacionaron utilizando un modelo cinético simplificado. Pseudomonas cepacia lipase-catalyzed ethanolysis of sunflower oil was carried out at 40 oC using dense carbon dioxide as the reaction medium. In the reaction mixture (ethanol + sunflower oil) 45% w/w CO2 was dissolved at 130 bar pressure. Kinetic behavior was studied through sampling at different time periods. The ethanolysis reaction in CO2-expanded medium was compared with the reaction carried out in a sealed vessel without CO2, at ambient pressure, at the same temperature, the same load of substrates and the same amount of immobilized lipase as in the first one. In both cases, the biocatalyst showed similar degree of deactivation after the respective ethanolysis reactions. The experimental data obtained for the respective reactions were correlated using a simplified kinetic model. تم إجراء تحليل الإيثانول المحفز بزيت عباد الشمس عند 40 درجة مئوية باستخدام ثاني أكسيد الكربون الكثيف كوسيط تفاعل. في خليط التفاعل (الإيثانول + زيت عباد الشمس) تم إذابة 45 ٪ وزن/وزن من ثاني أكسيد الكربون عند ضغط 130 بار. تمت دراسة السلوك الحركي من خلال أخذ العينات في فترات زمنية مختلفة. تمت مقارنة تفاعل تحليل الإيثانول في الوسط الموسع لثاني أكسيد الكربون مع التفاعل الذي تم إجراؤه في وعاء محكم الإغلاق بدون ثاني أكسيد الكربون، عند الضغط المحيط، عند نفس درجة الحرارة، ونفس حمل الركائز ونفس كمية الليباز المثبت كما في الأول. في كلتا الحالتين، أظهر المحفز الحيوي درجة مماثلة من التعطيل بعد تفاعلات تحليل الإيثانول المعنية. تم ربط البيانات التجريبية التي تم الحصول عليها للتفاعلات ذات الصلة باستخدام نموذج حركي مبسط.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euapps Other research productkeyboard_double_arrow_right Other ORP type , Other literature type 2019Publisher:Zenodo Funded by:EC | TESSe2bEC| TESSe2bAuthors: ECOSERVEIS;News Digital Journal - VeuAnoia
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euapps Other research productkeyboard_double_arrow_right Other ORP type 2021Publisher:Zenodo Funded by:EC | MAGICEC| MAGICAuthors: Ramos, C.S.C;Evaluaci��n de alternativas agr��colas con especies de gram��neas perennes para biomasa en tierras marginales
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.5281/zenodo.5785452&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euResearch data keyboard_double_arrow_right Dataset 2023 European UnionPublisher:Gobierno de las Islas Baleares Зона фотоелектричного самоспоживання Спільний (Базовий інститут енергетики) Zona de autoconsumo fotovoltaico compartilhado (Baear Institute of Energy) Zona Fotoelektros energijos vartojimas bendrai (Baear Institute of Energy) Ζώνη Φωτοβολταϊκής Αυτοκατανάλωσης Κοινόχρηστη (Baear Institute of Energy) Photovoltaics Area of Shared Self-consumption (Balearic Energry Institute) Strefa Fotowoltaiczna Self-Consumption Shared (Baear Institute of Energy) Partage de l’autoconsommation photovoltaïque (Baear Institute of Energy) Vyöhyke aurinkosähkön itsekulutuksen jaettu (Baear Institute of Energy) Crios Photovoltaic Féin-Tomhaltas Comhroinn (Baear Institute of Energy) Zona Fotovoltaiques Autoconsum Compartit IBE
European Union Open ... arrow_drop_down European Union Open Data PortalDataset . 2023License: legalcodeData sources: European Union Open Data Portaladd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=r3c4b2081b22::d870368701df358147dbef65b49cd001&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert European Union Open ... arrow_drop_down European Union Open Data PortalDataset . 2023License: legalcodeData sources: European Union Open Data Portaladd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euResearch data keyboard_double_arrow_right Dataset 2022 European UnionRepresentación a efectos informativos, sin carácter vinculante, de las líneas de evacuación (LE)de los parques eólicos para las que se han solicitado una autorización de implantación, que están siendo informadas por los diferentes departamentos de la Generalitat Valenciana Rappreżentazzjoni għal skopijiet ta’ informazzjoni, mingħajr karattru vinkolanti, tal-linji ta’ evakwazzjoni (LE) tal-parks eoliċi li għalihom intalbet awtorizzazzjoni ta’ implimentazzjoni, li qed jiġu infurmati mid-dipartimenti differenti tal-Generalitat Valenciana Representació a efectes informatius, sense caràcter vinculant, de les línies d'evacuació (LE)de les parcs eòlics per a les quals s'han sol·licitat una autorització d'implantació, que estan sent informades pels diferents departaments de la Generalitat Valenciana Vertegenwoordiging ter informatie, zonder bindend karakter, van de evacuatielijnen (LE) van de windparken waarvoor een vergunning voor de tenuitvoerlegging is aangevraagd, die door de verschillende departementen van de Generalitat Valenciana worden geïnformeerd Représentation à titre d’information, sans caractère contraignant, des lignes d’évacuation (LE) des parcs éoliens pour lesquels une autorisation de mise en œuvre a été demandée, qui sont informées par les différents services de la Generalitat Valenciana Rappresentazione a scopo informativo, senza carattere vincolante, delle linee di evacuazione (LE) dei parchi eolici per i quali è stata richiesta l'autorizzazione di attuazione, che vengono informati dai diversi dipartimenti della Generalitat Valenciana Representação, a título informativo, sem caráter vinculativo, das linhas de evacuação (LE) dos parques eólicos para os quais foi solicitada uma autorização de execução, que estão a ser informadas pelos diferentes departamentos da Generalitat Valenciana Vertretung zu Informationszwecken ohne verbindlichen Charakter der Evakuierungslinien (LE) der Windparks, für die eine Genehmigung der Durchführung beantragt wurde, die von den verschiedenen Abteilungen der Generalitat Valenciana unterrichtet werden Reprezentarea în scop informativ, fără caracter obligatoriu, a liniilor de evacuare (LE) ale parcurilor eoliene pentru care s-a solicitat o autorizație de punere în aplicare, care sunt informate de diferitele departamente ale Generalitat Valenciana Representation for merely informative effects of the evacuation powerlines (LE) of the wind farms for which an implementation authorization has been requested, which are being informed by the different departments of the Generalitat Valenciana
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euResearch data keyboard_double_arrow_right Dataset 2023 European UnionPublisher:Instituto Nacional de Estadística Tábla INEBASE Innéacsanna ag Pobail Fhéinrialaitheacha Grúpaí Speisialta. Bliantúil. Pobail agus Cathracha Féinrialaitheacha. Innéacs Praghsanna do Thomhaltóirí (CPI) Tabella ta’ INEBASE Indiċi mill-Komunitajiet Awtonomi ta’ Gruppi Speċjali. Kull sena. Komunitajiet u Bliet Awtonomi. Indiċi tal-Prezzijiet għall-Konsumatur (CPI) INEBASE-tabel Indexcijfers van de autonome gemeenschappen van speciale groepen. Jaarlijks. Gemeenschappen en autonome steden. Consumentenprijsindex (CPI) Tableau INEBASE Indices par communautés autonomes de groupes spéciaux. Annuel. Communautés et villes autonomes. Indice des prix à la consommation (IPC) Tabla de INEbase Índices por comunidades autónomas de grupos especiales. Anual. Comunidades y Ciudades Autónomas. Índice de Precios de Consumo (IPC) Quadro INEBASE Índices por Comunidades Autónomas de Grupos Especiais. Anual. Comunidades e Cidades Autónomas. Índice de Preços no Consumidor (IPC) Таблица INEBASE Индекси на автономните области на специалните групи. Годишно. Общините и автономните градове. Индекс на потребителските цени (ИПЦ) Tabelul INEBASE Indici pe comunități autonome ale grupurilor speciale. Anuală. Comunități și orașe autonome. Indicele prețurilor de consum (IPC) Tabela INEBASE Indeksy Autonomicznych Wspólnot Specjalnych Grup. Roczne. Społeczności i Autonomiczne Miasta. Wskaźnik cen konsumpcyjnych (CPI) INEBASE Tabelle Indizes nach Autonomen Gemeinschaften von Sondergruppen. Jährlich. Gemeinden und autonome Städte. Verbraucherpreisindex (VPI)
European Union Open ... arrow_drop_down European Union Open Data PortalDataset . 2023License: aviso_legalData sources: European Union Open Data Portaladd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert European Union Open ... arrow_drop_down European Union Open Data PortalDataset . 2023License: aviso_legalData sources: European Union Open Data Portaladd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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