• Energy Research
• Embargo close
• GB close
• CN close
• EU close

This chapter explores the implications of trade unions not being formally involved in local service improvements in the NHS (England) over the last decade. This is despite their involvement in the largest pay modernisation in the NHS (Buchan and Evans 2007) and national level collective bargaining (Bach and Kessler 2012). This chapter draws on evidence from three national government-funded initiatives to illustrate the crowding out of collective dialogue, and concludes that such actions undermine the sustainability of service improvements and increase the potential for ‘partial failure’ (Hyman 1987, p. 30). This highlights the contradictory nature of management more generally in accepting the co-ordinating role of trade unions while eschewing the perceived critique of managerial objectives from which it could ultimately benefit.

This review highlights the importance of controlling the crystallization dynamics for the deposition of high-quality photovoltaic perovskite layers on larger-area coatings.

Abstract This study aims to analyze the innovation strategies for the green supply chain management with QFD (quality function deployment) multidimensionally. The novelty of the study is to define the criteria of green supply chain for each stage of QFD and propose a hybrid model by IVIF (interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy) DEMATEL (decision making trial and evaluation laboratory) and IVIF MOORA (Multi-Objective Optimization by Ratio Analysis) respectively. The results demonstrate that understanding the customer expectations with customer relation management is the most important innovation strategy for the green supply chain management in energy industry with the consecutive stages of QFD whereas benchmarking the competitive market environment has relatively the last seat in the ranking. Hence, it is recommended that energy companies should have an effective customer relationship management. In this context, these companies should make a detailed analysis to learn what their customers directly expect from them. With the help of this issue, these companies should generate their product and services based on these expectations. Additionally, it is also stated that new service and product development is also essential for energy companies to improve their innovativeness. For this purpose, a research and development department should be created, and the qualified people should be employed. Additionally, different opinions should be collected from various parties, such as customers, employees, and suppliers. Since customers who are satisfied will prefer these companies, the energy companies can catch the opportunity to increase their market share.

Renewable energy projects, such as wind farms and hydropower dams, can indirectly benefit biodiversity by mitigating climate change. However, we explain why such indirect benefits should not contribute towards the accounting of project-level net biodiversity outcomes and provide guidance on the steps needed to legitimately claim no-net-loss of biodiversity.

Wind energy projects provide clean energy so that they should be increased to reach the sustainable development goals of the countries. However, current decision-making process should be improved for the effectiveness of these projects. Thus, critical factors should be considered to understand the significant indicators of the performance of the wind energy projects. This article aims to determine the factors that should be considered when deciding on wind energy investments. In this context, 9 different criteria belonging to 3 dimensions (project, firm, market) are determined based on literature review. Later, an analysis is carried out by using hesitant interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy (IVIF) Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) to identify the most important factors. Furthermore, 4 different investment strategies in Boston Consultancy Group (BCG) matrix have been determined as alternatives. To determine which of these strategies is suitable for wind energy investments, the hesitant IVIF multi-objective optimization on the basis of ratio analysis (MOORA) method has been considered. Additionally, a comparative evaluation is also performed by using technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) methodology. Similarly, sensitivity analysis is also made by considering 9 different cases. The analysis results of different methodologies are quite similar which shows the coherency and reliability of the findings. It is concluded that firm-based factors play the most significant role. It is also identified that technical development, financial performance and organizational effectiveness are the most significant criteria to make investment decision on wind energy projects. Furthermore, due to the market growth potential, it is recommended that wind energy investors increase their investments and strengthen their position in the market.

Bibliografija: str. 8-9. Abstract.

Solvent Vapour extraction (Vapex) is a promising technology for in-situ heavy oil recovery from oil sands deposits. The prediction of oil recovery rates requires fundamental understanding of the pore-scale mechanisms and their impact on mass transfer and oil production. To bridge the gap between pore-scale mechanisms and macro scale recovery, a dynamic pore-network model for two-phase flow with mass transfer is developed. The impact of pressure gradient on two-phase flow pattern, mass transfer and oil production are investigated. It is found that at high capillary numbers, in viscous dominated flow, dissolved oil is moved in intermittent liquid clusters to the outlet of the network. This mechanism of interface renewal maintains a steep solvent mole fraction gradient at the interface and enhances mass transfer, resulting in high oil production. In capillary dominated flow, capillary fingering with low mass transfer and oil production are observed.

The prevalence of poverty and inequality in megacities often manifests as high levels of energy poverty and disparities in household energy consumption. A comprehensive survey of 2054 households in Beijing was conducted in 2023 to examine the dynamics of energy poverty within such an urban settings. As one of the world's most influential megacities, Beijing offers a distinct and insightful case study for understanding energy poverty in a rapidly urbanizing global context. Utilizing the 10 % and low-cost/high-income (LIHC) methods, we estimated that the energy poverty rate in Beijing ranges between 16.07 % and 17.53 %, with the highest rates observed in suburban areas. In addition, we explored the spatial differences in energy poverty and the root causes. Our research reveals a significant correlation between economic and geographical factors and the spatial distribution of energy poverty. Furthermore, our findings suggest that larger populations tend to be associated with reduced disparities in energy poverty across different areas. Therefore, we suggest promoting the use of energy-efficient installations, implementing time-sensitive heating systems, and providing electricity and hygienic cooking facilities.