Background: The present paper describes the results of a rating study performed by a group of European Union (EU) drug experts using the multi-criteria decision analysis model for evaluating drug harms. Methods: Forty drug experts from throughout the EU scored 20 drugs on 16 harm criteria. The expert group also assessed criteria weights that would apply, on average, across the EU. Weighted averages of the scores provided a single, overall weighted harm score (range: 0–100) for each drug. Results: Alcohol, heroin and crack emerged as the most harmful drugs (overall weighted harm score 72, 55 and 50, respectively). The remaining drugs had an overall weighted harm score of 38 or less, making them much less harmful than alcohol. The overall weighted harm scores of the EU experts correlated well with those previously given by the UK panel. Conclusion: The outcome of this study shows that the previous national rankings based on the relative harms of different drugs are endorsed throughout the EU. The results indicates that EU and national drug policy measures should focus on drugs with the highest overall harm, including alcohol and tobacco, whereas drugs such as cannabis and ecstasy should be given lower priority including a lower legal classification.
168 citations 168 popularity Top 1% influence Top 1% impulse Top 1% 
Powered by BIP!add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.<script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1177/0269881115581980&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euBackground: The present paper describes the results of a rating study performed by a group of European Union (EU) drug experts using the multi-criteria decision analysis model for evaluating drug harms. Methods: Forty drug experts from throughout the EU scored 20 drugs on 16 harm criteria. The expert group also assessed criteria weights that would apply, on average, across the EU. Weighted averages of the scores provided a single, overall weighted harm score (range: 0–100) for each drug. Results: Alcohol, heroin and crack emerged as the most harmful drugs (overall weighted harm score 72, 55 and 50, respectively). The remaining drugs had an overall weighted harm score of 38 or less, making them much less harmful than alcohol. The overall weighted harm scores of the EU experts correlated well with those previously given by the UK panel. Conclusion: The outcome of this study shows that the previous national rankings based on the relative harms of different drugs are endorsed throughout the EU. The results indicates that EU and national drug policy measures should focus on drugs with the highest overall harm, including alcohol and tobacco, whereas drugs such as cannabis and ecstasy should be given lower priority including a lower legal classification.
168 citations 168 popularity Top 1% influence Top 1% impulse Top 1% Powered by BIP!add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.<script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1177/0269881115581980&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu
Trovato V.; Trovato V.
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileTrovato V. in OpenAIREThermostatic loads are expected to support the transition to low-carbon systems by providing an array of ancillary services. The delivery of energy-intensive services requires the thermostatic appliances to payback the deployed thermal energy via extra power consumption at a later time. This is made available by conventional generators providing contingency reserve. Previous works acknowledged the interplay between secondary response and contingency reserve. However, the structure of the payback period was fixed and did not fully consider the capabilities of generators providing contingency reserve, e.g., modelling only spinning generators while neglecting standing units. This paper introduces a novel methodology that allows to optimally coordinate the energy recovery of thermostatic loads and the allocation of contingency reserve among spinning and standing units. To do so, the commitment times and structures of secondary response and contingency reserve can be optimally chosen depending on system needs and current availabilities at each time step. The model is applied to the Great Britain network, which is connected to the power system in Continental Europe via a high-voltage direct-current link. Results illustrate the techno-economic advantages stemming from the proposed methodology.
4 citations 4 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.<script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.ijepes.2023.109041&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu- Trovato V.;
Trovato V.
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileTrovato V. in OpenAIREThermostatic loads are expected to support the transition to low-carbon systems by providing an array of ancillary services. The delivery of energy-intensive services requires the thermostatic appliances to payback the deployed thermal energy via extra power consumption at a later time. This is made available by conventional generators providing contingency reserve. Previous works acknowledged the interplay between secondary response and contingency reserve. However, the structure of the payback period was fixed and did not fully consider the capabilities of generators providing contingency reserve, e.g., modelling only spinning generators while neglecting standing units. This paper introduces a novel methodology that allows to optimally coordinate the energy recovery of thermostatic loads and the allocation of contingency reserve among spinning and standing units. To do so, the commitment times and structures of secondary response and contingency reserve can be optimally chosen depending on system needs and current availabilities at each time step. The model is applied to the Great Britain network, which is connected to the power system in Continental Europe via a high-voltage direct-current link. Results illustrate the techno-economic advantages stemming from the proposed methodology.
4 citations 4 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.<script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.ijepes.2023.109041&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu - Newman, R.C.; Ashwin, M.J.; Pritchard, R.E.; Tucker, J.H.; +6 Authors
Ashwin, M.J.
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileAshwin, M.J. in OpenAIRENewman, R.C.; Ashwin, M.J.; Pritchard, R.E.; Tucker, J.H.; Lightowlers, E.C.; Gregorkiewicz, T.; Zevenbergen, I.S.; Ammerlaan, C.A.J.; Falster, R.; Binns, M.J.;Ashwin, M.J.
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileAshwin, M.J. in OpenAIRE5 citations 5 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.<script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.258-263.379&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu - Newman, R.C.; Ashwin, M.J.; Pritchard, R.E.; Tucker, J.H.; +6 Authors
Ashwin, M.J.
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileAshwin, M.J. in OpenAIRENewman, R.C.; Ashwin, M.J.; Pritchard, R.E.; Tucker, J.H.; Lightowlers, E.C.; Gregorkiewicz, T.; Zevenbergen, I.S.; Ammerlaan, C.A.J.; Falster, R.; Binns, M.J.;Ashwin, M.J.
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileAshwin, M.J. in OpenAIRE5 citations 5 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.<script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.258-263.379&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu - Keith Barnham; Karpar Knorr;
Massimo Mazzer; Massimo Mazzer
Derived by OpenAIRE algorithms or harvested from 3rd party repositoriesMassimo Mazzer in OpenAIREPolicies to reduce carbon emissions from electricity generation will be crucial for negotiations at the UN climate conference (COP21) in Paris. In 2012, we presented data in Nature Materials on the contribution that photovoltaic (PV) power plants installed in Germany, Italy and the UK are making to reducing greenhouse emissions. Here we update our analysis with three more years worth of data, extending our study not only to other countries but also to wind power and bio-electricity generation. This analysis focuses mainly on the technical feasibility of an electricity supply based on all-renewable sources; more detailed cost considerations will be discussed in a forthcoming work.
8 citations 8 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.<script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1038/nmat4485&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu - Keith Barnham; Karpar Knorr; Massimo Mazzer;
Massimo Mazzer
Derived by OpenAIRE algorithms or harvested from 3rd party repositoriesMassimo Mazzer in OpenAIREPolicies to reduce carbon emissions from electricity generation will be crucial for negotiations at the UN climate conference (COP21) in Paris. In 2012, we presented data in Nature Materials on the contribution that photovoltaic (PV) power plants installed in Germany, Italy and the UK are making to reducing greenhouse emissions. Here we update our analysis with three more years worth of data, extending our study not only to other countries but also to wind power and bio-electricity generation. This analysis focuses mainly on the technical feasibility of an electricity supply based on all-renewable sources; more detailed cost considerations will be discussed in a forthcoming work.
8 citations 8 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.<script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1038/nmat4485&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu - UKRI| Doctoral Training Centre in Science and Application of Plastic Electronic Materials ,UKRI| Determination of Surface and Interface Processes in Materials Science ,EC| OASIS ,UKRI| Heterointerface control of organic semiconductor devicesJames R. Durrant; Natalie Stingelin; John C. deMello; Martin Heeney; +9 Authors
Martin Heeney
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileMartin Heeney in OpenAIREJames R. Durrant; Natalie Stingelin; John C. deMello; Martin Heeney; Martin Heeney
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileMartin Heeney in OpenAIRE Sarah Fearn; Safa Shoaee; James B. Gilchrist;Sarah Fearn
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileSarah Fearn in OpenAIRE James H. Bannock; David S. McPhail; Sandrine Heutz; Paul Westacott;James H. Bannock
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileJames H. Bannock in OpenAIRE Harald Ade; John R. Tumbleston;Harald Ade
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileHarald Ade in OpenAIRERecently, an intermixed phase has been identified within organic photovoltaic (OPV) bulk heterojunction (BHJ) systems that can exist in addition to relatively phase-pure regions, highlighting the need for a refined picture of the solid-state microstructure of donor–acceptor blends and for gaining further understanding of the exact nature and role such intermixed phases play in such devices. Here we manipulate the microstructure of polymer–fullerene systems via processing means and the selection of the molecular weight of the donor polymer. This manipulation is used as a tool to vary the fraction of intermixed phase present and its effects on the structure and subsequently the opto-electronic processes. We find clear relationships between the state of mixing and amount of exciton quenching and number of polarons generated per absorbed photon. Furthermore, we observe that blend systems incorporating higher molecular weight polymer result in a greater yield of dissociated polarons, likely due to the increase of the intermixed fraction.
160 citations 160 popularity Top 1% influence Top 10% impulse Top 1% Powered by BIP!add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.<script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1039/c3ee41821a&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu - UKRI| Doctoral Training Centre in Science and Application of Plastic Electronic Materials ,UKRI| Determination of Surface and Interface Processes in Materials Science ,EC| OASIS ,UKRI| Heterointerface control of organic semiconductor devicesJames R. Durrant; Natalie Stingelin; John C. deMello; Martin Heeney; +9 Authors
Martin Heeney
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileMartin Heeney in OpenAIREJames R. Durrant; Natalie Stingelin; John C. deMello; Martin Heeney; Martin Heeney
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileMartin Heeney in OpenAIRE Sarah Fearn; Safa Shoaee; James B. Gilchrist;Sarah Fearn
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileSarah Fearn in OpenAIRE James H. Bannock; David S. McPhail; Sandrine Heutz; Paul Westacott;James H. Bannock
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileJames H. Bannock in OpenAIRE Harald Ade; John R. Tumbleston;Harald Ade
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileHarald Ade in OpenAIRERecently, an intermixed phase has been identified within organic photovoltaic (OPV) bulk heterojunction (BHJ) systems that can exist in addition to relatively phase-pure regions, highlighting the need for a refined picture of the solid-state microstructure of donor–acceptor blends and for gaining further understanding of the exact nature and role such intermixed phases play in such devices. Here we manipulate the microstructure of polymer–fullerene systems via processing means and the selection of the molecular weight of the donor polymer. This manipulation is used as a tool to vary the fraction of intermixed phase present and its effects on the structure and subsequently the opto-electronic processes. We find clear relationships between the state of mixing and amount of exciton quenching and number of polarons generated per absorbed photon. Furthermore, we observe that blend systems incorporating higher molecular weight polymer result in a greater yield of dissociated polarons, likely due to the increase of the intermixed fraction.
160 citations 160 popularity Top 1% influence Top 10% impulse Top 1% Powered by BIP!add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.<script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1039/c3ee41821a&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu - Nigel P. Brandon; Vincenzo Liso; Vincenzo Liso;
Vincenzo Liso
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileVincenzo Liso in OpenAIRE Mads Nielsen; +2 AuthorsMads Nielsen
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileMads Nielsen in OpenAIRENigel P. Brandon; Vincenzo Liso; Vincenzo Liso;Vincenzo Liso
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileVincenzo Liso in OpenAIRE Mads Nielsen; Yingru Zhao;Mads Nielsen
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileMads Nielsen in OpenAIRE Søren Knudsen Kær; Søren Knudsen Kær
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileSøren Knudsen Kær in OpenAIREIn this paper, the ability of a micro combined heat and power (mCHP) system to cover the heat and electricity demand of a single-family residence is investigated. A solid oxide fuel cell based mCHP system coupled with a hot water storage tank is analyzed. The energy profiles of single-family households in different European countries are evaluated. The range of Heat-to-Power Ratio for the SOFC based mCHP System of 0.5 to 1.5 shows good agreement with the hot water, space heating and electricity demand during the warm seasons across Europe. This suggests that the fuel cell system should be sized according to the summer energy demand. The winter energy demand shows a Heat-to-Power Ratio which cannot be covered by the mCHP unit alone. To ensure that the mCHP system meets both the thermal and electrical energy demand over the entire year, an auxiliary boiler and a hot water storage tank need to be coupled with the mCHP unit. It is further noted that the size of the auxiliary boiler should match the larger winter space heating demand.In contrast, the hot water tank volume should be sized according to the warm season space heating requirement, when space heating is not required but electricity and hot water are still in demand. This maximises the running time of the fuel cell, and thus the economic and environmental benefit of the system, without wasting produced heat.
49 citations 49 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.<script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.07.086&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu - Nigel P. Brandon; Vincenzo Liso; Vincenzo Liso;
Vincenzo Liso
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileVincenzo Liso in OpenAIRE Mads Nielsen; +2 AuthorsMads Nielsen
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileMads Nielsen in OpenAIRENigel P. Brandon; Vincenzo Liso; Vincenzo Liso;Vincenzo Liso
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileVincenzo Liso in OpenAIRE Mads Nielsen; Yingru Zhao;Mads Nielsen
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileMads Nielsen in OpenAIRE Søren Knudsen Kær; Søren Knudsen Kær
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileSøren Knudsen Kær in OpenAIREIn this paper, the ability of a micro combined heat and power (mCHP) system to cover the heat and electricity demand of a single-family residence is investigated. A solid oxide fuel cell based mCHP system coupled with a hot water storage tank is analyzed. The energy profiles of single-family households in different European countries are evaluated. The range of Heat-to-Power Ratio for the SOFC based mCHP System of 0.5 to 1.5 shows good agreement with the hot water, space heating and electricity demand during the warm seasons across Europe. This suggests that the fuel cell system should be sized according to the summer energy demand. The winter energy demand shows a Heat-to-Power Ratio which cannot be covered by the mCHP unit alone. To ensure that the mCHP system meets both the thermal and electrical energy demand over the entire year, an auxiliary boiler and a hot water storage tank need to be coupled with the mCHP unit. It is further noted that the size of the auxiliary boiler should match the larger winter space heating demand.In contrast, the hot water tank volume should be sized according to the warm season space heating requirement, when space heating is not required but electricity and hot water are still in demand. This maximises the running time of the fuel cell, and thus the economic and environmental benefit of the system, without wasting produced heat.
49 citations 49 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.<script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.07.086&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu 24 citations 24 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.<script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.jpowsour.2007.12.023&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu24 citations 24 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.<script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.jpowsour.2007.12.023&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu- Ritson, Jonathan P.;
Ritson, Jonathan P.
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileRitson, Jonathan P. in OpenAIRE Bell, Michael; Graham, Nigel J.D.; Templeton, Michael R.; +4 AuthorsBell, Michael
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileBell, Michael in OpenAIRE Ritson, Jonathan P.; Ritson, Jonathan P.
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileRitson, Jonathan P. in OpenAIRE Bell, Michael; Graham, Nigel J.D.; Templeton, Michael R.; Brazier, Richard E.; Verhoef, Anne; Freeman, Chris;Bell, Michael
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileBell, Michael in OpenAIRE Clark, Joanna M.; Clark, Joanna M.
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileClark, Joanna M. in OpenAIREUncertainty regarding changes in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) quantity and quality has created interest in managing peatlands for their ecosystem services such as drinking water provision. The evidence base for such interventions is, however, sometimes contradictory. We performed a laboratory climate manipulation using a factorial design on two dominant peatland vegetation types (Calluna vulgaris and Sphagnum Spp.) and a peat soil collected from a drinking water catchment in Exmoor National Park, UK. Temperature and rainfall were set to represent baseline and future conditions under the UKCP09 2080s high emissions scenario for July and August. DOC leachate then underwent standard water treatment of coagulation/flocculation before chlorination. C. vulgaris leached more DOC than Sphagnum Spp. (7.17 versus 3.00 mg g(-1)) with higher specific ultraviolet (SUVA) values and a greater sensitivity to climate, leaching more DOC under simulated future conditions. The peat soil leached less DOC (0.37 mg g(-1)) than the vegetation and was less sensitive to climate. Differences in coagulation removal efficiency between the DOC sources appears to be driven by relative solubilisation of protein-like DOC, observed through the fluorescence peak C/T. Post-coagulation only differences between vegetation types were detected for the regulated disinfection by-products (DBPs), suggesting climate change influence at this scale can be removed via coagulation. Our results suggest current biodiversity restoration programmes to encourage Sphagnum Spp. will result in lower DOC concentrations and SUVA values, particularly with warmer and drier summers.
28 citations 28 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.<script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.watres.2014.09.015&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu - Ritson, Jonathan P.;
Ritson, Jonathan P.
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileRitson, Jonathan P. in OpenAIRE Bell, Michael; Graham, Nigel J.D.; Templeton, Michael R.; +4 AuthorsBell, Michael
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileBell, Michael in OpenAIRE Ritson, Jonathan P.; Ritson, Jonathan P.
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileRitson, Jonathan P. in OpenAIRE Bell, Michael; Graham, Nigel J.D.; Templeton, Michael R.; Brazier, Richard E.; Verhoef, Anne; Freeman, Chris;Bell, Michael
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileBell, Michael in OpenAIRE Clark, Joanna M.; Clark, Joanna M.
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileClark, Joanna M. in OpenAIREUncertainty regarding changes in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) quantity and quality has created interest in managing peatlands for their ecosystem services such as drinking water provision. The evidence base for such interventions is, however, sometimes contradictory. We performed a laboratory climate manipulation using a factorial design on two dominant peatland vegetation types (Calluna vulgaris and Sphagnum Spp.) and a peat soil collected from a drinking water catchment in Exmoor National Park, UK. Temperature and rainfall were set to represent baseline and future conditions under the UKCP09 2080s high emissions scenario for July and August. DOC leachate then underwent standard water treatment of coagulation/flocculation before chlorination. C. vulgaris leached more DOC than Sphagnum Spp. (7.17 versus 3.00 mg g(-1)) with higher specific ultraviolet (SUVA) values and a greater sensitivity to climate, leaching more DOC under simulated future conditions. The peat soil leached less DOC (0.37 mg g(-1)) than the vegetation and was less sensitive to climate. Differences in coagulation removal efficiency between the DOC sources appears to be driven by relative solubilisation of protein-like DOC, observed through the fluorescence peak C/T. Post-coagulation only differences between vegetation types were detected for the regulated disinfection by-products (DBPs), suggesting climate change influence at this scale can be removed via coagulation. Our results suggest current biodiversity restoration programmes to encourage Sphagnum Spp. will result in lower DOC concentrations and SUVA values, particularly with warmer and drier summers.
28 citations 28 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.<script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.watres.2014.09.015&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu - Carlo De Michele; Ludovic Gaudard; Ludovic Gaudard;
Carlo De Michele
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileCarlo De Michele in OpenAIRE Francesco Avanzi; Francesco Avanzi
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileFrancesco Avanzi in OpenAIREAbstract The energy-water nexus presents important implications at seasonal scale. For instance, electricity prices and streamflow have complex seasonal patterns and changes in both may adversely impact hydropower plant revenue. In order to quantify the effect of changes in price and water seasonality on future revenue distribution and its related uncertainty, we consider the case of a run-of-the-river plant. To this end, we integrate a hydrologic model, a hydropower model, two glacier inventories, six climate scenarios and five electricity price seasonal scenarios. Our results show that the impact of climate change on streamflow of the considered run-of-the-river plant will decrease the revenue by 20% in a business-as-usual price scenario. This decrease is mostly driven by a reduction of the annual streamflow due to glacier shrinkage rather than by the evolution of seasonality. From this perspective, the difference between the various climate scenarios is low. In contrast, change in electricity price seasonality induces a marked uncertainty in revenue. According to our scenarios, which assume no change in the mean annual electricity price, a change in price seasonality may indeed exacerbate or mitigate the impact of climate by 50 or 33% respectively, compared to the business-as-usual scenario. Our analysis highlights the need for considering intra-annual dynamics when investigating the energy-water nexus.
73 citations 73 popularity Top 1% influence Top 10% impulse Top 1% Powered by BIP!add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.<script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.02.003&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu - Carlo De Michele; Ludovic Gaudard; Ludovic Gaudard;
Carlo De Michele
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileCarlo De Michele in OpenAIRE Francesco Avanzi; Francesco Avanzi
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileFrancesco Avanzi in OpenAIREAbstract The energy-water nexus presents important implications at seasonal scale. For instance, electricity prices and streamflow have complex seasonal patterns and changes in both may adversely impact hydropower plant revenue. In order to quantify the effect of changes in price and water seasonality on future revenue distribution and its related uncertainty, we consider the case of a run-of-the-river plant. To this end, we integrate a hydrologic model, a hydropower model, two glacier inventories, six climate scenarios and five electricity price seasonal scenarios. Our results show that the impact of climate change on streamflow of the considered run-of-the-river plant will decrease the revenue by 20% in a business-as-usual price scenario. This decrease is mostly driven by a reduction of the annual streamflow due to glacier shrinkage rather than by the evolution of seasonality. From this perspective, the difference between the various climate scenarios is low. In contrast, change in electricity price seasonality induces a marked uncertainty in revenue. According to our scenarios, which assume no change in the mean annual electricity price, a change in price seasonality may indeed exacerbate or mitigate the impact of climate by 50 or 33% respectively, compared to the business-as-usual scenario. Our analysis highlights the need for considering intra-annual dynamics when investigating the energy-water nexus.
73 citations 73 popularity Top 1% influence Top 10% impulse Top 1% Powered by BIP!add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.<script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.02.003&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu - UKRI| Sustainable Processing of Energy Materials from Waste Haoyu Liu;
Haoyu Liu
Derived by OpenAIRE algorithms or harvested from 3rd party repositoriesHaoyu Liu in OpenAIRE Zhen Xu; Zhenyu Guo; Zhenyu Guo
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileZhenyu Guo in OpenAIRE Jingyu Feng; +3 AuthorsJingyu Feng
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileJingyu Feng in OpenAIRE Haoyu Liu; Haoyu Liu
Derived by OpenAIRE algorithms or harvested from 3rd party repositoriesHaoyu Liu in OpenAIRE Zhen Xu; Zhenyu Guo; Zhenyu Guo
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileZhenyu Guo in OpenAIRE Jingyu Feng; Jingyu Feng
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileJingyu Feng in OpenAIRE Haoran Li; Tong Qiu; Magdalena Titirici; Magdalena Titirici
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileMagdalena Titirici in OpenAIREWaste management is one of the biggest environmental challenges worldwide. Biomass-derived hard carbons, which can be applied to rechargeable batteries, can contribute to mitigating environmental changes by enabling the use of renewable energy. This study has carried out a comparative environmental assessment of sustainable hard carbons, produced from System A (hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) followed by pyrolysis) and System B (direct pyrolysis) with different carbon yields, as anodes in sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). We have also analysed different scenarios to save energy in our processes and compared the biomass-derived hard carbons with commercial graphite used in lithium-ion batteries. The life cycle assessment results show that the two systems display significant savings in terms of their global warming potential impact (A1: −30%; B1: −21%), followed by human toxicity potential, photochemical oxidants creation potential, acidification potential and eutrophication potential (both over −90%). Possessing the best electrochemical performance for SIBs among our prepared hard carbons, the HTC-based method is more stable in both environmental and electrochemical aspects than the direct pyrolysis method. Such results help a comprehensive understanding of sustainable hard carbons used in SIBs and show an environmental potential to the practical technologies. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Bio-derived and bioinspired sustainable advanced materials for emerging technologies (part 2)’.
18 citations 18 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.<script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1098/rsta.2020.0340&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu - UKRI| Sustainable Processing of Energy Materials from Waste Haoyu Liu;
Haoyu Liu
Derived by OpenAIRE algorithms or harvested from 3rd party repositoriesHaoyu Liu in OpenAIRE Zhen Xu; Zhenyu Guo; Zhenyu Guo
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileZhenyu Guo in OpenAIRE Jingyu Feng; +3 AuthorsJingyu Feng
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileJingyu Feng in OpenAIRE Haoyu Liu; Haoyu Liu
Derived by OpenAIRE algorithms or harvested from 3rd party repositoriesHaoyu Liu in OpenAIRE Zhen Xu; Zhenyu Guo; Zhenyu Guo
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileZhenyu Guo in OpenAIRE Jingyu Feng; Jingyu Feng
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileJingyu Feng in OpenAIRE Haoran Li; Tong Qiu; Magdalena Titirici; Magdalena Titirici
Harvested from ORCID Public Data FileMagdalena Titirici in OpenAIREWaste management is one of the biggest environmental challenges worldwide. Biomass-derived hard carbons, which can be applied to rechargeable batteries, can contribute to mitigating environmental changes by enabling the use of renewable energy. This study has carried out a comparative environmental assessment of sustainable hard carbons, produced from System A (hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) followed by pyrolysis) and System B (direct pyrolysis) with different carbon yields, as anodes in sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). We have also analysed different scenarios to save energy in our processes and compared the biomass-derived hard carbons with commercial graphite used in lithium-ion batteries. The life cycle assessment results show that the two systems display significant savings in terms of their global warming potential impact (A1: −30%; B1: −21%), followed by human toxicity potential, photochemical oxidants creation potential, acidification potential and eutrophication potential (both over −90%). Possessing the best electrochemical performance for SIBs among our prepared hard carbons, the HTC-based method is more stable in both environmental and electrochemical aspects than the direct pyrolysis method. Such results help a comprehensive understanding of sustainable hard carbons used in SIBs and show an environmental potential to the practical technologies. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Bio-derived and bioinspired sustainable advanced materials for emerging technologies (part 2)’.
18 citations 18 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.<script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1098/rsta.2020.0340&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu
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