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The data contains three supporting datasets: 1. Mid-intertidal data 2. Vertical transect data 3. GPS coordinates for all sites

Velocity-based macrorefugia for boreal passerine birds Citation for dataset -------------------- Stralberg, D. Velocity-based macrorefugia for boreal passerine birds. Boreal Avian Modelling Project. Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1299880 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1299880 Data layers ----------------- Refugia layers represent mid-century (2041-2070) and end-of-century (2071-2100) conditions for the SRES A2 emissions scenario at 4-km resolution ----------------- Combined index for 53 species (clipped to Brandt's boreal region): _refbrandt53_YYYYZZZZ Species-specific indices: XXXX_refYYYY where: YYYY = Time period (2050s or 2080s) ZZZZ = weighted or unweighted XXXX = Songbird Species Code (see Birdlookup.csv) Percentile values of refugia indices for mapping purposes 0.01 0.1 0.25 0.5 0.75 0.9 0.99 "2050s, weighted " 0.032 0.243 0.317 0.399 0.484 0.589 0.779 "2080s, weighted" 0.002 0.09 0.137 0.2 0.281 0.386 0.675 "2050s, unweighted" 0.006 0.108 0.159 0.218 0.292 0.358 0.421 "2080s, unweighted" 0.001 0.055 0.083 0.123 0.185 0.241 0.297 Projection information ------------------- """+proj=lcc +lat_1=49 +lat_2=77 +lat_0=0 +lon_0=-95 +x_0=0 +y_0=0 +ellps=GRS80 +units=m +no_defs""" ------------------- Projection LAMBERT Spheroid GRS80 Units METERS Zunits NO Xshift 0.0 Yshift 0.0 Parameters 49 0 0.0 /* 1st standard parallel 77 0 0.0 /* 2nd standard parallel -95 0 0.0 /* central meridian 0 0 0.0 /* latitude of projection's origin 0.0 /* false easting (meters) 0.0 /* false northing (meters)

This data set contains the essential files used as input for the analysis, intermediate files produced during the analysis, and the key output fields. The code of the analysis is available here: https://github.com/VUB-HYDR/2021_Thiery_etal_Science Input fields: - isimip.zip: Postprocessed ISIMIP2b simulation output. This data set is very similar to the data presented in Lange et al. (2020 Earth's Future) but includes selected additional impact models and scenarios (notably RCP8.5). This data set also includes the gridded population data. - GMT_50pc_manualoutput_4pathways.xlsx: Global mean temperature anomaly trajectories from the IPCC SR15 - wcde_data.xlsx: postprocessed cohort size data originally obtained from the Wittgenstein Centre Human Capital Data Explorer. - WPP2019_MORT_F16_1_LIFE_EXPECTANCY_BY_AGE_BOTH_SEXES.xlsx: Postprocessed life expectancy data originally obtained from the UNited Nations World Population Programme Intermediate files *only use if you're interested in reproducing the results*: - workspaces.zip: Postprocessed ISIMIP2b simulation output. These matlab workspaces contain data on land area annually exposed to extreme events which is stored in a format designed to speed up the analysis. - mw_isimip.mat: ISIMIP2 simulations metadata (e.g. model, gcm and rcp name per simulation) - mw_countries.mat: information on the countries used in the analysis (e.g. border polygon coordinates) - mw_exposure.mat: age-dependent exposure computed from the ISIMIP and population data - mw_exposure_pic.mat: pre-industrial control age-dependent exposure computed from the ISIMIP and population data - mw_exposure_pic_coldwaves.mat: pre-industrial control age-dependent exposure to coldwaves computed from the ISIMIP and population data Output of the analysis: - mw_output.mat: Matlab workspace containing all variables produced during the analysis presented in thepaper. Use this file if you wish to look up certain numbers or want to use the study results for further analysis.

Project: Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) datasets - These data have been generated as part of the internationally-coordinated Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6; see also GMD Special Issue: http://www.geosci-model-dev.net/special_issue590.html). The simulation data provides a basis for climate research designed to answer fundamental science questions and serves as resource for authors of the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC-AR6). CMIP6 is a project coordinated by the Working Group on Coupled Modelling (WGCM) as part of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP). Phase 6 builds on previous phases executed under the leadership of the Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison (PCMDI) and relies on the Earth System Grid Federation (ESGF) and the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) along with numerous related activities for implementation. The original data is hosted and partially replicated on a federated collection of data nodes, and most of the data relied on by the IPCC is being archived for long-term preservation at the IPCC Data Distribution Centre (IPCC DDC) hosted by the German Climate Computing Center (DKRZ). The project includes simulations from about 120 global climate models and around 45 institutions and organizations worldwide. Summary: These data include the subset used by IPCC AR6 WGI authors of the datasets originally published in ESGF for 'CMIP6.ScenarioMIP.CCCR-IITM.IITM-ESM.ssp126' with the full Data Reference Syntax following the template 'mip_era.activity_id.institution_id.source_id.experiment_id.member_id.table_id.variable_id.grid_label.version'. The IITM-ESM climate model, released in 2015, includes the following components: aerosol: prescribed MAC-v2, atmos: IITM-GFSv1 (T62L64, Linearly Reduced Gaussian Grid; 192 x 94 longitude/latitude; 64 levels; top level 0.2 mb), land: NOAH LSMv2.7.1, ocean: MOM4p1 (tripolar, primarily 1deg; 360 x 200 longitude/latitude; 50 levels; top grid cell 0-10 m), ocnBgchem: TOPAZv2.0, seaIce: SISv1.0. The model was run by the Centre for Climate Change Research, Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology Pune, Maharashtra 411 008, India (CCCR-IITM) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 250 km, atmos: 250 km, land: 250 km, ocean: 100 km, ocnBgchem: 100 km, seaIce: 100 km.

Three data files are provided for Case Study 1 in the openENTRANCE project: Full_potential.V9.csv, metaData.Full_Potential.csv, and acheivable_NUTS2_summary.csv. The data covers 10 residential devices on the NUTS2 level for the EU27 + UK +TR + NO + CH from 2020-2050. The devices included are storage heater, water heater with storage capabilitites, air conditiong, heat circulation pump, air-to-air heat pump, refreigeration (includes refrigerators and freezers), dish washer, washing machine, and tumble drier. Full_potential.V9.csv shows the NUTS2 level unadjusted loads for residential storage heater, water heater, air conditiong, circulation pump, air-to-air heat pump, refreigeration (includes refrigerators and freezers), dish washer, washing machine, and tumble drier using representative hours from 2020-2050. The loads provided here have not been adjusted with the direct load participation rates (see paper for more details). More details on the dataset can be found in the metaData.Full_Potential.csv file. The acheivable_NUTS2_summary.csv shows the NUTS2 level acheivable direct load control potentials for the average hour in the respective year (years - 2020, 2022,2030,2040, 2050).

Transmitted solar irradiance was measured using an ACC (Advanced-Cosine-Collector) RAMSES hyper-spectral radiometer (TriOS) mounted on the ROV during the ARTofMELT2023 expedition in May and June 2023 and normalized by the incident solar irradiance as measured using an ACC RAMSES hyper-spectral radiometer (TriOS) installed on-board the ship. All times are given in Universal Coordinated Time (UTC).

Aim Despite an increasing number of studies highlighting the impacts of climate change on boreal species, the main factors that will drive changes in species assemblages remain ambiguous. We study how species community composition would change following anthropogenic and natural disturbances. We determine the main drivers of assemblage dissimilarity for bird and beetle communities. Location Côte-Nord, Québec, Canada. Methods We quantify two climate-induced pathways based on direct and indirect effects on species occurrence under different harvest management scenarios. The direct climate effects illustrate the impact of climate variables while the indirect effects are reflected through habitat-based climate change. We develop empirical models to predict the distribution of more than 100 species over the next century. We analyze the regional and the latitudinal species assemblage dissimilarity by decomposing it into 'balanced variation in species occupancy and occurrence' and 'occupancy and occurrence gradient'. Results Both pathways increased dissimilarity in species assemblage. At the regional scale, both effects have an impact on decreasing the number of winning species. Yet, responses are much larger in magnitude under mixed climate effects (a mixture of direct and indirect effects). Regional assemblage dissimilarity reached 0.77 and 0.69 under mixed effects versus 0.09 and 0.10 under indirect effects for beetles and birds, respectively, between RCP8.5 and baseline climate scenarios when considering harvesting. Latitudinally, assemblage dissimilarity increased following the climate conditions pattern. Main conclusions The two pathways are complementary and alter biodiversity, mainly caused by species turnover. Yet, responses are much larger in magnitude under mixed climate effects. Therefore, the inclusion of climatic variables considers aspects other than just those related to forest landscapes, such as life cycles of animal species. Moreover, we expect differences in occupancy between the two studied taxa. This could indicate the potential range of change in boreal species concerning novel environmental conditions.