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Postquantum cryptography for elevating security against attacks by quantum computers in the Internet of Everything (IoE) is still in its infancy. Most postquantum based cryptosystems have longer keys and signature sizes and require more computations that span several orders of magnitude in energy consumption and computation time, hence the sizes of the keys and signature are considered as another aspect of security by green design. To address these issues, the security solutions should migrate to the advanced and potent methods for protection against quantum attacks and offer energy efficient and faster cryptocomputations. In this context, a novel security framework Lightweight Postquantum ID-based Signature (LPQS) for secure communication in the IoE environment is presented. The proposed LPQS framework incorporates a supersingular isogeny curve to present a digital signature with small key sizes which is quantum-resistant. To reduce the size of the keys, compressed curves are used and the validation of the signature depends on the commutative property of the curves. The unforgeability of LPQS under an adaptively chosen message attack is proved. Security analysis and the experimental validation of LPQS are performed under a realistic software simulation environment to assess its lightweight performance considering embedded nodes. It is evident that the size of keys and the signature of LPQS is smaller than that of existing signature-based postquantum security techniques for IoE. It is robust in the postquantum environment and efficient in terms of energy and computations.

Postquantum cryptography for elevating security against attacks by quantum computers in the Internet of Everything (IoE) is still in its infancy. Most postquantum based cryptosystems have longer keys and signature sizes and require more computations that span several orders of magnitude in energy consumption and computation time, hence the sizes of the keys and signature are considered as another aspect of security by green design. To address these issues, the security solutions should migrate to the advanced and potent methods for protection against quantum attacks and offer energy efficient and faster cryptocomputations. In this context, a novel security framework Lightweight Postquantum ID-based Signature (LPQS) for secure communication in the IoE environment is presented. The proposed LPQS framework incorporates a supersingular isogeny curve to present a digital signature with small key sizes which is quantum-resistant. To reduce the size of the keys, compressed curves are used and the validation of the signature depends on the commutative property of the curves. The unforgeability of LPQS under an adaptively chosen message attack is proved. Security analysis and the experimental validation of LPQS are performed under a realistic software simulation environment to assess its lightweight performance considering embedded nodes. It is evident that the size of keys and the signature of LPQS is smaller than that of existing signature-based postquantum security techniques for IoE. It is robust in the postquantum environment and efficient in terms of energy and computations.

AbstractThe role of firewalls and security principles in resource‐limited wireless networks and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is more expected than in any dedicated network environment. The advanced wireless technologies and emerging fashion of autonomous wireless network nodes are mostly expecting resilient firewall services with multi‐level security policies. Wireless networks are classified under sensor networks, Internet of Things (IoT) mobile networks, and so forth. According to the expectations, security frameworks are gradually invented around the communication platform using various ideologies. The novel ideology and respective implementation effort open better solutions against wireless network attacks. Anyhow, the minimal production of time complexity, energy complexity, and computation overhead from any novel security approach is always considered under the best practices. The complexity levels directly affect the wireless node's energy consumption ability and operational spans severely. The energy optimization techniques and load‐balancing techniques integrated into multi‐class firewall rules are extremely useful solutions for resource‐limited wireless networks. This article has been motivated to analyze the recent firewall techniques and secure data communication mechanisms used for securing wireless networks. Consequently, the practice of comparative literature analysis helps to improve the current limitations identified under the classified categories of security mechanisms such as energy‐optimized security principles and load‐balanced security principles. The establishment of secure and energy‐optimized multi‐class firewall rules in each wireless node assures a healthy focus on next‐generation networks. The experiment section shows the benefits of energy‐optimized secure network communication in terms of better accuracy and the benefits of load‐balanced secure network communication through minimal overhead in computing platforms.

AbstractThe role of firewalls and security principles in resource‐limited wireless networks and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is more expected than in any dedicated network environment. The advanced wireless technologies and emerging fashion of autonomous wireless network nodes are mostly expecting resilient firewall services with multi‐level security policies. Wireless networks are classified under sensor networks, Internet of Things (IoT) mobile networks, and so forth. According to the expectations, security frameworks are gradually invented around the communication platform using various ideologies. The novel ideology and respective implementation effort open better solutions against wireless network attacks. Anyhow, the minimal production of time complexity, energy complexity, and computation overhead from any novel security approach is always considered under the best practices. The complexity levels directly affect the wireless node's energy consumption ability and operational spans severely. The energy optimization techniques and load‐balancing techniques integrated into multi‐class firewall rules are extremely useful solutions for resource‐limited wireless networks. This article has been motivated to analyze the recent firewall techniques and secure data communication mechanisms used for securing wireless networks. Consequently, the practice of comparative literature analysis helps to improve the current limitations identified under the classified categories of security mechanisms such as energy‐optimized security principles and load‐balanced security principles. The establishment of secure and energy‐optimized multi‐class firewall rules in each wireless node assures a healthy focus on next‐generation networks. The experiment section shows the benefits of energy‐optimized secure network communication in terms of better accuracy and the benefits of load‐balanced secure network communication through minimal overhead in computing platforms.

[EN] Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) are gaining considerable attention to reduce human dependence on fossil fuels and minimize harmful gases in our surroundings. Existing literature on energy trading focused on providing renewable energy to smart homes, smart buildings, and smart offices to fulfill their daily energy demands obtained from RESs. Besides, Electric Vehicles (EVs) use either power grid energy or a battery exchange mechanism to recharge their low EV batteries. The continuous use of power grids to recharge low EV batteries causes a significant load on power grids. Due to this, power grids are inadequate to fulfill the ever-increasing demands of EVs in the future. In this context, we propose a Blockchain Enabled Energy Trading (BEET) framework oriented EV charging. A system architecture of the BEET framework is presented to describe the functioning of each layer and its associated entities. We formulate an optimization problem that maximizes the revenue in the energy trading process using a knapsack optimization. Smart contracts are designed on the consortium blockchain network to sell and buy renewable energy to aggregators and from producers, respectively. Moreover, an EV charging mechanism is designed to intelligently allocate renewable energy to consumers at a low price. A comparative analysis is performed with state-of-the-art works in terms of charging price, revenue, throughput, and latency. The results indicate that the BEET framework outperforms compared to state-of-the-art works to address the renewable energy demand problem to realize E-mobility. It is clarified that the data considered in the experimental analysis were obtained from statistical simulations in realistic E-Mobility environment settings. No Statement Available

[EN] Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) are gaining considerable attention to reduce human dependence on fossil fuels and minimize harmful gases in our surroundings. Existing literature on energy trading focused on providing renewable energy to smart homes, smart buildings, and smart offices to fulfill their daily energy demands obtained from RESs. Besides, Electric Vehicles (EVs) use either power grid energy or a battery exchange mechanism to recharge their low EV batteries. The continuous use of power grids to recharge low EV batteries causes a significant load on power grids. Due to this, power grids are inadequate to fulfill the ever-increasing demands of EVs in the future. In this context, we propose a Blockchain Enabled Energy Trading (BEET) framework oriented EV charging. A system architecture of the BEET framework is presented to describe the functioning of each layer and its associated entities. We formulate an optimization problem that maximizes the revenue in the energy trading process using a knapsack optimization. Smart contracts are designed on the consortium blockchain network to sell and buy renewable energy to aggregators and from producers, respectively. Moreover, an EV charging mechanism is designed to intelligently allocate renewable energy to consumers at a low price. A comparative analysis is performed with state-of-the-art works in terms of charging price, revenue, throughput, and latency. The results indicate that the BEET framework outperforms compared to state-of-the-art works to address the renewable energy demand problem to realize E-mobility. It is clarified that the data considered in the experimental analysis were obtained from statistical simulations in realistic E-Mobility environment settings. No Statement Available

AbstractCellular networks based on new generation standards are the major enabler for Internet of things (IoT) communication. Narrowband-IoT and Long Term Evolution for Machines are the newest wide area network-based cellular technologies for IoT applications. The deployment of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has gained the popularity in cellular networks by using temporary ubiquitous coverage in the areas where the infrastructure-based networks are either not available or have vanished due to some disasters. The major challenge in such networks is the efficient UAVs deployment that covers maximum users and area with the minimum number of UAVs. The performance and sustainability of UAVs is largely dependent upon the available residual energy especially in mission planning. Although energy harvesting techniques and efficient storage units are available, but these have their own constraints and the limited onboard energy still severely hinders the practical realization of UAVs. This paper employs neglected parameters of UAVs energy consumption in order to get actual status of available energy and proposed a solution that more accurately estimates the UAVs operational airtime. The proposed model is evaluated in test bed and simulation environment where the results show the consideration of such explicit usage parameters achieves significant improvement in airtime estimation.