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The integration of Grid-Connected PV systems into buildings or public areas is one of the most usual applications of the photovoltaic solar energy in developed countries. Since early 2009, the University is working on an ambitious project, the so-called UNIVERSOL project, where its main goal is to convert the University Campus in a big public area which combines the PV electricity generation with the common uses of a university place. The aim of this paper is to show to the scientific community the main results of this project and that the methodology proposed for the “large urban-area photovoltaic potential” estimation can be easily exportable to other locations with similar characteristics, so the photovoltaic generators integration examples proposed in this project, and the software tools used to represent it, can be helpful for other designers, taking into account that this project has been adapted to the new Spanish legislation. 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 4068-4072

In this work, we conducted a study that is to bleach wastewater model solutions loaded with dyes of indigo and sulfur black, while using and optimizing the process of hybridized treatment of textile effluents by torque of coagulation-ultrafiltration (CO-UF). According to the separate optimization of coagulation processes (optimum dose of the coagulant (lime) and ultrafiltration membrane (hydrodynamic characterization of the membrane based on polysulfone (PSU)), we combined the two methods in order to increase performance fading exploited colored waters. The results of the rate of discoloration separated by the methods of coagulation and ultrafiltration are respectively of the order of 33.55% and 80.36% for the water loaded with indigo and of the order of 25.33% and 60.78% for those charged with the black sulfur. While the results of the bleaching obtained by the hybrid method CO-UF have shown that the bleaching rate was calculated as around 98% for the indigo and of the order of 92% for the black sulfur, obviously very interesting with respect to the coagulation and ultrafiltration used separately. Moroccan Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 4, No 1 (2016)

The detailed study of corrosion behaviour of carbon steel in 1M hydrochloric acid solution in the presence and absence of (E)-4-((4-methoxybenzylidene) amino)-3-methyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5(4H)-thione (3-Tz) was investigated using weight loss method at various temperatures from 303 to 333 K. The inhibitor showed 92.15% inhibition efficiency at its optimum concentration 5 x 10-2M at 303K and decreased at higher temperatures. The various parameters of activation determining the kinetic data such as energy, enthalpy and entropy at different concentrations of the inhibitor were evaluated and discussed. The thermodynamic parameters such as, equilibrium constant, adsorption heat and adsorption entropy were obtained. The adsorptive behaviour of(3-Tz) followed Langmuir-type isotherm. The standard free energies of adsorption were negative at different temperatures tested, suggesting better inhibition performance. Applied Journal of Environmental Engineering Science, Vol 1, No 2 (2015)

A new and applicable environmental rating tool for use as a policy tool, called EcoScore, was developed and allows evaluating the environmental impact of road vehicles with different drive trains or using different fuels. A single environmental indicator integrates different aspects of the environmental impact of the vehicles such as global warming, air quality depletion and noise pollution. To integrate these different aspects, the Ecoscore methodology includes different damage categories like: global warming, human health impairing effects and harmful effects on ecosystems. The contribution of the different normalised damages to the single value, called Ecoscore, is based upon a weighting system. The methodology can also be used for the ranking of heavy duty vehicles and two-wheelers. However, in this paper, the methodology will be explained using passenger vehicles and light-duty vehicles as an illustration. The methodology will be implemented by the Flemish government as a policy tool for the promotion of cleaner vehicles. An extensive database including vehicle records and their related emission data was used to develop, to validate and to analyse the environmental rating system. A sensitivity analysis was carried out which allowed the evaluation of the robustness of the methodology.

Valence band offset and valence band bending at the p+ hydrogenated amorphous silicon/n-type crystalline silicon (a-Si:H(p+)/n_c-Si) interface in heterojunction silicon solar cells (HIT) induce a p+ inversion layer which pushes the pn junction 20-25 nm deep in the c-Si side. The heavily hole populated interfacial inversion layer acts as the HIT cell emitter while the ultrathin amorphous silicon layer is the front contact. The impact of doping level and dangling bond defects in the a-Si:H layer and of interface states on the inversion layer properties is investigated by means of AFORS-HET simulations. Apart from the electric field created by the conduction band offset, the HIT cell performs like a c-Si solar cell which has an inversion layer emitter matching that of the HIT cell, with an open circuit voltage of 733 mV. The latter rolls off at relatively large interface (front surface) recombination velocity. Increasing the a-Si:H(p+) doping level modifies the peak hole concentration in the inversion layer and increases the front surface field. On the other hand, c-Si cell with an ultrathin dopant diffused emitter having also the same emitter hole profile sees its performance degraded at relatively low surface reombination because it suffers from bandgap narrowing and from doping dependent mobility degradation and has no front surface field. Inserting an ultrathin intrinsic or lowly doped a-Si:H spacer between a-Si:H(p+) and c-Si provides less hole population in the inversion layer which reduces Auger recombination and improves the open circuit voltage at low surface recombination to 735 mV despite the less effective front surface field. 28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 822-826

Climate Adaptive Facades are considered promising breakthroughs for the reduction of energy consumption, as energy exchange is enabled when the weather conditions offer benefits instead of threats. So far, conventional building envelops enhance thermal performance through opaque fa��ade components and static insulations. Therefore, natural resources from the building environment remain untapped. Little research has been done in Adaptive Opaque Facades, even if their dynamic behaviour shows a strong potential to exploit environmental resources. For the successful development of these innovative fa��ade systems, a balance between sophistication and benefit is necessary. To manage this objective, the implementation of Smart and Multifunctional Materials in the envelopes seems promising, as they are able to repeatedly and reversibly change some of its functions, features or behaviour over time in response to environmental condition. Consequently, to trigger the response of the envelope, no external actuator or complex software management would be necessary. Nevertheless, these materials do not fulfil all the fa��ade requirements by themselves. Thus, they need to be combined with other adaptive technologies and building elements. This paper shows an initial definition of different fa��ade configurations that include reactive materials which enable the adaptiveness of Opaque Fa��ade Systems. The desired results are new facade roles suitable for a temperate climate, according to the potential of these multi-performance materials in the external layer of the envelope: the dynamic temperature change of the external cladding through the solar reflectance change and the enhancement or prevention of thermal loses through Shape Changing Ventilated Facades. To achieve these new high performances, an ideal approach to the thermal behaviour of each fa��ade layer was done and required physical properties of each elements were highlighted. As a result, we propose a mapping of potentially suitable combination of reactive materials with other building elements that might enable the holistic adaptive thermal performance. Journal of Facade Design and Engineering, Vol. 6 No. 2 (2018): Special Issue ICAE2018

The integration of grid-connected PV systems into buildings or public areas is one of the most usual applications of the photovoltaic solar energy in developed countries. The University of Jaén (Spain) is a pioneering public organism in the field of grid-connected PV systems, as it proves the milestones developed by its IDEA research group in the last decades. The University is working in an ambitious project, the so-called UNIVERSOL project, where the necessary tasks are being carried out in order to evaluate the “photovoltaic potential” of the Campus of the University. For the implementation of this project, there are participating diverse research groups from the University of Jaén, which gives the project a multidisciplinary character. The different tasks assigned in the Universol project will let us obtain a Large-Scale deployment of photovoltaic systems in building integration, so it will convert this Campus in a big public area which combines the PV electricity generation with the common uses of a university place. 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 5212-5216

The relevance of this study is to solve the basic task for society to ensure sustainable management by improving the spatial management system of natural resource assets, increase their usage efficiency and ensure sustainable socio-economic development of Ukraine on this basis. At all levels of the state government, there appeared a need to ensure spatial management and transform the organizational structure of natural resource management on the basis of the introduction of a modern system of territorial natural entities with the change of relevant functions, mechanisms and powers in the direction of increasing the ecological and economic effect in various spheres of economic activity. Aim of the research: identification of the highest priority, to ensure sustainable management in resource constraints, the composition of threats and risks and their grouping; development of a closed scheme of permanent clarification of the most important, for spatial sustainable development, threats and risks. The methodological basis of the study is the work of domestic and foreign scientists on spatial management of natural resources, sustainable spatial development and economic security, regulations, analytical and statistical materials of ministries and departments, international organizations, other scientific and information materials. The study involves the use of a number of interrelated methods, including methods: analysis and synthesis; system analysis; economic and mathematical; expert assessments; graphic, etc. The scheme of grouping of organizational and economic mechanisms of realization of spatial model of management of sustainable management within a certain state formation is constructed. According to which a universal, for three stages of implementation of the corresponding type of macro- model (initiation, consolidation, incorporation) spatial management of sustainable development, algorithm is developed. The use of the latter involves: continuous grouping and identification of the most significant threats and risks (in a closed cycle of management, organizational and economic, forecasting, analytical and econometric procedures); development of measures to eliminate the consequences of turbulent shifts.

Labyrinth seals are key elements to limit leakage flow between rotating and stationary parts of turbo machines. However, these seals can modify the rotordynamic stability of machines. Thus, accurate predictions of static and dynamic behaviour for labyrinth seals are very important to optimize efficiency and operating conditions of rotating machines using this kind of seals. The present work contributes by a numerical model based on CFD computation to predict leakage flow and rotordynamic coefficients for a short eccentric labyrinth seal with four teeth fixed on the rotor. The developed model accuracy has been validated on experimental measurements of the pressure distribution along and around the seal which drops from 110770 Pa at the seal inlet to 103300 Pa at the seal outlet. A parametric study has been conducted to show the effect of pressure ratio and inlet swirl ratio on leakage flow and rotordynamic coefficients of the seal. In this study, the outlet pressure is kept constant but the inlet/outlet pressure ratio varies from 1.072 to 8 while three inlet swirl ratios (0, 0.5 and 1) are considered. Obtained results of this work are presented to help designers and industrials optimizing operating conditions and improving performances of this kind of seals.