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Two studies conducted in Guadeloupe (West Indies) and Réunion (Indian Ocean) islands were designed to investigate the benefits of producing sugarcane as an energy crop and to assess the influence of agroclimatic factors on energy efficiency, respectively. In this context, it is essential to know the low heating value of the dry above-ground biomass (LHVd, MJ/kg) and its energy yield (EY, MJ/m2) in order to select the best varieties and set up a payment method for growers. Eighteen Poaceae (sugarcane and Erianthus) cultivars were compared under wet tropical environmental conditions in Guadeloupe. Three sugarcane cultivars were studied in four contrasting environments in Réunion. The partition sampling and biomass measurement procedures were identical at both locations. Low heating value (LHV) predictions were achieved using near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) after specific calibration (Guadeloupe), or arithmetically after lignocellulosic compound prediction (Réunion). In both studies, LHV variability was very low and slightly dependent on the site, cultivar and above-ground biomass components (millable stalks and tops, and green and dead leaves). Considering the overall dry above-ground biomass (DAB, kg/m2), the LHVd was calculated by averaging 159 samples (mean 16.65 MJ/kg) in Guadeloupe and 315 samples (mean 16.45 MJ/kg) for Réunion. An excellent linear relationship between the DAB and its EY, regardless of cultivar, age and environment, was found (n = 474 and R² = 0.99). Sugarcane energy content assessment could thus be simplified by measuring the DAB, while enabling development of a faster method of payment for growers based on the DAB measurement and the correlation between DAB and EY. Finally, the findings of this study should allow growers to rapidly determine the commercial value of their sugarcane crops, and also enable purchasers to assess the amount of recoverable energy. (Résumé d'auteur)

Recent extreme weather events have resulted in an ongoing discussion on the issues of land use and compensation payments within Austrian agriculture. Building on a functional evaluation system for agricultural lands as developed within the Interreg IIIB project “ILUP”, the national project “Agriculture and Flooding” has as its goal to classify the flood-protection contribution and flood sensitivity of agricultural lands. This, in turn, enables the recommendation of targeted measures for potentially improving flood situations, as well as an estimate of their implementation costs. In addition to the digital soil map, other fundamental sources used for the project are the digital flood risk map, IACS land-use data and works by the Institute for Land and Water Management Research. Reference values and marginal returns sourced from the Federal Institute of Agricultural Economics also flow into the cost estimates for the recommended combination. The results will contribute to an understanding of the multifunctionality of agricultural lands and to the setting of priorities on a regional scale regarding packaged flood-prevention and damage-minimization. However, the results at hand can only serve as one step toward regional flood protection projects, whose development will require the cooperation of all interest groups.

Photovoltaic (PV) technologies constitute a leading renewable energy source with a worldwide installed capacity of 135 GW in 2013 that may increase to nearly 4700 GW in 2050. To achieve this production level while minimizing environmental impacts, decision makers must rely at national level on relevant technological, economic and planning aspects which are highly geographically dependent. The access to performance data is a critical issue in the decision-making process and determines the successful development of efficient PV systems. For this reason, a new interactive tool is proposed here to provide the users with easy-to-use data and maps for the solar irradiation and screening level environmental results of representative PV technologies. The calculation procedures account for the geographic location and the PV system layout (installation, orientation and inclination angles). The tool has a worldwide coverage with a multi-criteria scope, both in terms of the numerous technological scenarios and of the wide range of environmental indicators. Moreover, the user is given the possibility to compare the PV environmental performance to the corresponding country electricity mix environmental footprint. 32nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2869-2873

This paper reports on the long-term objectives and current research results of the on-going Renewable Energy to Africa (REAfrica) project. The purpose of the REAfrica project is to increase knowledge of renewable energy solutions and markets in Sub-Saharan Africa in order to support Finnish renewable energy sector companies in entering the African market. Entry into a new geographical area also involves entry into a new business culture. This paper considers the potential for collaboration and networking with local partners in both business and research as a means of fostering business innovation. To achieve this, it is proposed that research collaboration needs to evolve as ecosystem-level collaboration on three levels - business, research and governmental - in order to create a 'piloting gateway' for new technologies.

Le BIO-UCF (Bio-Ultracarbofluide) est un produit ternaire composé de charbon végétal, d'eau et de fuel ou gazole. Cette étude présente la production de ce produit, comme carburant liquide de substitution des fuels et du gazole dans les brûleurs et les moteurs diesel. Les tests sont orientés vers la recherche des éléments suivants : production et broyage du charbon, procédé de formulation du mélange, atomisation, caractéristiques d'inflammation et de combustion du BIO-UCF

Les transferts d’humidité dans les matériaux de construction sont de grande importance à cause de leur impact sur la durabilité mais aussi sur le confort des habitants. De plus, les matériaux de construction sont généralement fortement multiphasiques et hétérogènes. Une attention particulière doit donc être portée à leur modélisation pour une meilleure prédiction du comportement énergétique des bâtiments. Dans ce travail, l’originalité est d’élaborer un modèle de transferts couplés de chaleur et d’humidité, en incluant le phénomène d’hystérésis d’adsorption et de désorption d’eau et en utilisant les microstructures réelles du matériau d’étude. Les résultats numériques démontrent que la prise en compte des hétérogénéités du matériau à travers des volumes 3D reconstruits permettait une meilleure appréhension de son comportement hygrothermique. Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 38 No 1 (2020): Special Issue - RUGC 2020 Marrakech

The microbunching instability is an ubiquitous problem in storage rings at high current density. However, the involved fast time-scales hampered the possibility to make direct real-time recordings of theses structures. When the structures occur at a cm scale, recent works at UVSOR*, revealed that direct recording of the CSR electric field with ultra-high speed electronics (17 ps) provides extremely precious informations on the microbunching dynamics. However, when CSR occurs at THz frequencies (and is thus out of reach of electronics), the problem remained largely open. Here we present a new opto-electronic strategy that enabled to record series of successive electric field pulses shapes with picosecond resolution (including carrier and envelope), every 12 ns, over a total duration of several milliseconds. We also present the first experimental results obtained with this method at Synchrotron SOLEIL, above the microbunching instability threshold, and we present direct tests of Vlasov-Fokker-Planck and macroparticle models. The method can be applied to the detection of ps electric fields in other situations where high repetition rate is also an issue. Proceedings of the 5th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2014, Dresden, Germany

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Gas Turbine Power 2008, 130, 041502-1,10.\n[25]\tChica Cano JP, Cabot G, Foucher F, De Persis S; Fuel 2017 (submitted); Effects of oxygen enrichment and water dilution on laminar methane flames at high pressure.\n[26]\tPugh DG, Bowen PJ, Marsh R, Crayford AP, et al. Dissosiative influence of H2O vapour/spray on lean blowoff and NOx reduction for heavily carbonaceous syngas swirling flames. Combustion and Flame 177: 37-48(2017)."]} Among all possibilities to combat global warming, CO2 capture and sequestration (CCS) is presented as a great alternative to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emission. Several strategies for CCS from industrial and power plants are being considered. The concept of combined oxy-fuel combustion has been the most alternative solution. Nevertheless, due to the high cost of pure O2 production, additional ways recently emerged. 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{"references": ["R. J. Robles and T. Kim, \"Applications, Systems and Methods in Smart Home Technology: A Review,\" Int. J. Adv. Sci. Technol., vol. 15, 2010.", "S. S. Cho, \"Energy-Efficient Smart Home System: Optimization of Residential Electricity Load Management System,\" 2013.", "B. Zhou et al., \"Smart home energy management systems: Concept, configurations, and scheduling strategies,\" Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 61, pp. 30\u201340, Aug. 2016.", "M. Kuzlu, M. Pipattanasomporn, and S. Rahman, \"Hardware Demonstration of a Home Energy Management System for Demand Response Applications,\" IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 1704\u20131711, Dec. 2012.", "A. Dimeas et al., \"Smart Houses in the Smart Grid: Developing an interactive network.,\" IEEE Electrification Mag., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 81\u201393, Mar. 2014.", "R. Missaoui, H. Joumaa, S. Ploix, and S. Bacha, \"Managing energy Smart Homes according to energy prices: Analysis of a Building Energy Management System,\" Energy Build., vol. 71, pp. 155\u2013167, Mar. 2014.", "T. Zhu, A. Mishra, D. Irwin, N. Sharma, P. Shenoy, and D. Towsley, \"The case for efficient renewable energy management in smart homes,\" in Proceedings of the Third ACM Workshop on Embedded Sensing Systems for Energy-Efficiency in Buildings, 2011, pp. 67\u201372.", "O. Elma and U. S. Selamo\u011fullari, \"A home energy management algorithm with smart plug for maximized customer comfort,\" in Electric Power and Energy Conversion Systems (EPECS), 2015 4th International Conference on, 2015, pp. 1\u20134.", "NKE Watteco, \"LoRaWAN-Smart-Plug-Data-Sheet-v2.0.pdf.\" (Online). Available: http://www.nke-watteco.fr/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/LoRaWAN-Smart-Plug-Data-Sheet-v2.0.pdf.\n[10]\t\"Smart-plug_LoRa_en.pdf.\" (Online). Available: http://www.nke-watteco.fr/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Smart-plug_LoRa_en.pdf. (Accessed: 25-Nov-2016).\n[11]\t\"Belkin\u202f: Support.\" (Online). Available: http://www.belkin.com/fr/support/article/?lid=fr&aid=17172. (Accessed: 25-Nov-2016).\n[12]\t\"FGWPE_F-101-Wall-Plug-en.pdf.\" (Online). Available: http://www.fibaro.com/manuals/en/FGWPE_F-101-Wall-Plug/FGWPE_F-101-Wall-Plug-en.pdf. (Accessed: 25-Nov-2016).\n[13]\tlui_gough, \"Review, Teardown: Belkin WeMo Switch (F7C027au),\" Gough's Tech Zone, 06-Dec-2015. (Online). Available: http://goughlui.com/2015/12/06/review-teardown-belkin-wemo-switch-f7c027au/. (Accessed: 27-Nov-2016).\n[14]\t\"ee_phantom_load.pdf.\" (Online). Available: https://www.midamericanenergy.com/content/pdf/ee/ee_phantom_load.pdf. (Accessed: 29-Nov-2016)."]} Intelligent electronic equipment and automation network is the brain of high-tech energy management systems in critical role of smart homes dominance. Smart home is a technology integration for greater comfort, autonomy, reduced cost, and energy saving as well. These services can be provided to home owners for managing their home appliances locally or remotely and consequently allow them to automate intelligently and responsibly their consumption by individual or collective control systems. In this study, three smart plugs are described and one of them tested on typical household appliances. This article proposes to collect the data from the wireless technology and to extract some smart data for energy management system. This smart data is to quantify for three kinds of load: intermittent load, phantom load and continuous load. Phantom load is a waste power that is one of unnoticed power of each appliance while connected or disconnected to the main. Intermittent load and continuous load take in to consideration the power and using time of home appliances. By analysing the classification of loads, this smart data will be provided to reduce the communication of wireless sensor network for energy management system.