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In recent years, it is known that Geographic Information Systems (GIS) provide fast and practical solutions in large research areas in the selection of dam locations. In the study, the dam points to be selected for the determination of the hydroelectric energy potential were determined by two different methods. In the first method, the head, precipitation, evaporation and flow characteristics of the basin were modeled by using Geographic Information System (GIS). This method, which provides a simple and fast solution, is based on the potential energy of water. The amount of potential energy to be produced in this method (100-200 kW; 200-400 kW, up to 0.5 MW) and its location, on main stream and on side stream in the basin is shown on the map. In the second method, the authors decided on the most suitable dam location from the points in the first method. While doing this, a model was used by considering factors such as flow potential, topography, valley status and geology, which are important in the choice of dam location. Then, the amount of annual energy to be produced from this dam, the cost of the dam and the self-amortization of the dam were calculated. As a result of the study, the cost of the dam is $ 2.39 million; annual energy production 2.17 GWH/year; the self-amortization time was calculated as 9.3 years.

Turkey's energy need is increasing day by day. The required energy is mostly imported from foreign countries since it cannot be met by the country's own resources. However, Turkey has rich renewable water resources to produce energy. To fulfill the aim of closing this energy gap and using the country's water resources more efficiently, the hydropower potential of the Zab River Basin is investigated in this paper. The overall objective of the study is to evaluate the hydropower potential of the Zab River Basin using Geographic Information Systems and Remote Sensing methods, and utilize this potential for the economical development of the region and the country. Within the study, appropriate locations were determined for 12 dams in the basin; estimated costs and annual electric energy generation were calculated with the Simahpp Software. According to these calculations, the total cost, installed power capacity and the annual electric energy generation of the dams were found, respectively, as 838.753 × 106 US$, 580.928 MW and 1112.327 GWh.

Wind energy is considered one of the cleanest and most sustainable resources among renewable energy sources. However, several negative environmental impacts can be observed, unless suitable sites are selected for the establishment of wind farms. The aim of this study is to determine the change in the soil organic carbon (SOC) stock resulting from land cover changes that were caused by wind farm establishments in the Karaburun peninsula. Within the scope of the study, remote sensing and geographic information system technologies were utilized. Maximum likelihood algorithm, one of the supervised classification techniques, was used to classify the land cover, and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) analyses were performed to determine land cover changes. The findings were correlated with the "Turkey Soil Organic Carbon Project" data. As a result, depending on the establishment of wind farms in the Karaburun Peninsula, a total decrease of 18,330.57 tons of SOC in the study area between 2000 and 2019 was determined. It should be taken into consideration that besides many other negative effects (effects on human health, effects on the ecosystem, effects on animals, etc.), land cover changes caused by wind farms may indirectly cause important problems such as climate change. Recently, this situation shows that there is an important dilemma in terms of current implementations. Wind farms are the most invested renewable energy sources and alternative energy supply to fossil fuels in terms of preventing climate change. However, the results of this study have reviewed that lack of proper approaches and methods to establish wind farms may result in various problems such as physical, chemical, and biological degradations and an increase in the amount of atmospheric carbon. Consequently, the investments in renewable energy sources should be comprehensively reevaluated in terms of current technologies, quality in the scope of environmental impact assessment and strategic environmental assessment processes, legal regulations and national policies, long-term environmental costs, etc.