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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal 2017Publisher:MDPI AG Authors:Xianhui Zhao;
Lin Wei;Xianhui Zhao
Xianhui Zhao in OpenAIREShouyun Cheng;
James Julson;Shouyun Cheng
Shouyun Cheng in OpenAIREdoi: 10.3390/catal7030083
To address the issues of greenhouse gas emissions associated with fossil fuels, vegetable oilseeds, especially non-food oilseeds, are used as an alternative fuel resource. Vegetable oil derived from these oilseeds can be upgraded into hydrocarbon biofuel. Catalytic cracking and hydroprocessing are two of the most promising pathways for converting vegetable oil to hydrocarbon biofuel. Heterogeneous catalysts play a critical role in those processes. The present review summarizes current progresses and remaining challenges of vegetable oil upgrading to biofuel. The catalyst properties, applications, deactivation, and regeneration are reviewed. A comparison of catalysts used in vegetable oil and bio-oil upgrading is also carried out. Some suggestions for heterogeneous catalysts applied in vegetable oil upgrading to improve the yield and quality of hydrocarbon biofuel are provided for further research in the future.
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You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/catal7030083&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesgold 80 citations 80 popularity Top 1% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
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You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/catal7030083&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2023Publisher:MDPI AG Authors: Afifa Zahid;Zahid Mukhtar;
Zahid Mukhtar
Zahid Mukhtar in OpenAIREMuhammad Azam Qamar;
Muhammad Azam Qamar
Muhammad Azam Qamar in OpenAIRESammia Shahid;
+10 AuthorsSammia Shahid
Sammia Shahid in OpenAIREAfifa Zahid;Zahid Mukhtar;
Zahid Mukhtar
Zahid Mukhtar in OpenAIREMuhammad Azam Qamar;
Muhammad Azam Qamar
Muhammad Azam Qamar in OpenAIRESammia Shahid;
Syed Kashif Ali;Sammia Shahid
Sammia Shahid in OpenAIREMohammad Shariq;
Mohammad Shariq
Mohammad Shariq in OpenAIREHussain J. Alathlawi;
Hussain J. Alathlawi
Hussain J. Alathlawi in OpenAIREMohd Abul Hasan;
Mohd Abul Hasan
Mohd Abul Hasan in OpenAIREMohd Shakir Khan;
Mohd Shakir Khan
Mohd Shakir Khan in OpenAIRESaiful Islam;
Bhagyashree R. Patil;Saiful Islam
Saiful Islam in OpenAIREMohammed Saleh Al Ansari;
Zahid Nawaz; Mudassar Sher;Mohammed Saleh Al Ansari
Mohammed Saleh Al Ansari in OpenAIREAlarming environmental changes and the threat of natural fuel resource extinction are concerning issues in human development. This has increased scientists’ efforts to phase out traditional energy resources and move on to environmentally friendly biofuels. In this study, non-edible castor oil was transesterified with methanol using a manganese-doped zinc oxide (Mn-doped ZnO) nanocatalyst. A heterogeneous nanocatalyst was prepared by means of the the sonochemical method. X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize these nanocatalysts. The transesterification reaction was studied under different temperature conditions, different ratios of methyl alcohol to castor oil, and different amounts of the catalyst to identify optimum conditions in which the maximum yield of biodiesel was produced. The maximum biodiesel yield (90.3%) was observed at 55 °C with an oil-to-methanol ratio of 1:12, and with 1.2 g of nanocatalyst. The first-order kinetic model was found to be the most suitable. Several thermodynamic parameters were also determined, such as activation energy, enthalpy, and entropy. We found that this transesterification was an endergonic and entropy-driven reaction. The results showed that the Mn-doped ZnO nanocatalyst could be a suitable catalyst for the heterogeneous catalytic transesterification process, which is essential for biodiesel production.
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You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/catal13010105&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesgold 17 citations 17 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/catal13010105&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal 2021Publisher:MDPI AG Authors: Indrajeet Arya; Asha Poona; Pritam Kumar Dikshit;Soumya Pandit;
+6 AuthorsSoumya Pandit
Soumya Pandit in OpenAIREIndrajeet Arya; Asha Poona; Pritam Kumar Dikshit;Soumya Pandit;
Soumya Pandit
Soumya Pandit in OpenAIREJatin Kumar;
Himanshu Narayan Singh;Jatin Kumar
Jatin Kumar in OpenAIRENiraj Kumar Jha;
Hassan Ahmed Rudayni;Niraj Kumar Jha
Niraj Kumar Jha in OpenAIREAnis Ahmad Chaudhary;
Anis Ahmad Chaudhary
Anis Ahmad Chaudhary in OpenAIRESanjay Kumar;
Sanjay Kumar
Sanjay Kumar in OpenAIREBiofuel is one of the best alternatives to petroleum-derived fuels globally especially in the current scenario, where fossil fuels are continuously depleting. Fossil-based fuels cause severe threats to the environment and human health by releasing greenhouse gases on their burning. With the several limitations in currently available technologies and associated higher expenses, producing biofuels on an industrial scale is a time-consuming operation. Moreover, processes adopted for the conversion of various feedstock to the desired product are different depending upon the various techniques and materials utilized. Nanoparticles (NPs) are one of the best solutions to the current challenges on utilization of biomass in terms of their selectivity, energy efficiency, and time management, with reduced cost involvement. Many of these methods have recently been adopted, and several NPs such as metal, magnetic, and metal oxide are now being used in enhancement of biofuel production. The unique properties of NPs, such as their design, stability, greater surface area to volume ratio, catalytic activity, and reusability, make them effective biofuel additives. In addition, nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, and nanosheets have been found to be cost effective as well as stable catalysts for enzyme immobilization, thus improving biofuel synthesis. The current study gives a comprehensive overview of the use of various nanomaterials in biofuel production, as well as the major challenges and future opportunities.
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You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/catal11111308&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesgold 54 citations 54 popularity Top 1% influence Top 10% impulse Top 1% Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/catal11111308&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal 2021Publisher:MDPI AG Authors: Hui Khim Ooi;Xin Ning Koh;
Hwai Chyuan Ong;Xin Ning Koh
Xin Ning Koh in OpenAIREHwei Voon Lee;
+5 AuthorsHwei Voon Lee
Hwei Voon Lee in OpenAIREHui Khim Ooi;Xin Ning Koh;
Hwai Chyuan Ong;Xin Ning Koh
Xin Ning Koh in OpenAIREHwei Voon Lee;
Mohd Sufri Mastuli; Yun Hin Taufiq-Yap; Fahad A. Alharthi;Hwei Voon Lee
Hwei Voon Lee in OpenAIREAbdulaziz Ali Alghamdi;
Abdulaziz Ali Alghamdi
Abdulaziz Ali Alghamdi in OpenAIRENurul Asikin Mijan;
Nurul Asikin Mijan
Nurul Asikin Mijan in OpenAIREThe dwindling of global petroleum deposits and worsening environmental issues have triggered researchers to find an alternative energy such as biodiesel. Biodiesel can be produced via transesterification of vegetable oil or animal fat with alcohol in the presence of a catalyst. A heterogeneous catalyst at an economical price has been studied widely for biodiesel production. It was noted that various types of natural waste shell are a potential calcium resource for generation of bio-based CaO, with comparable chemical characteristics, that greatly enhance the transesterification activity. However, CaO catalyzed transesterification is limited in its stability and studies have shown deterioration of catalytic reactivity when the catalyst is reused for several cycles. For this reason, different approaches are reviewed in the present study, which focuses on modification of waste-shell derived CaO based catalyst with the aim of better transesterification reactivity and high reusability of the catalyst for biodiesel production. The catalyst stability and leaching profile of the modified waste shell derived CaO is discussed. In addition, a critical discussion of the structure, composition of the waste shell, mechanism of CaO catalyzed reaction, recent progress in biodiesel reactor systems and challenges in the industrial sector are also included in this review.
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You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/catal11020194&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesgold 30 citations 30 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/catal11020194&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal 2016Publisher:MDPI AG Authors:Shouyun Cheng;
Lin Wei;Shouyun Cheng
Shouyun Cheng in OpenAIREXianhui Zhao;
James Julson;Xianhui Zhao
Xianhui Zhao in OpenAIREdoi: 10.3390/catal6120195
The massive consumption of fossil fuels and associated environmental issues are leading to an increased interest in alternative resources such as biofuels. The renewable biofuels can be upgraded from bio-oils that are derived from biomass pyrolysis. Catalytic cracking and hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) are two of the most promising bio-oil upgrading processes for biofuel production. Heterogeneous catalysts are essential for upgrading bio-oil into hydrocarbon biofuel. Although advances have been achieved, the deactivation and regeneration of catalysts still remains a challenge. This review focuses on the current progress and challenges of heterogeneous catalyst application, deactivation, and regeneration. The technologies of catalysts deactivation, reduction, and regeneration for improving catalyst activity and stability are discussed. Some suggestions for future research including catalyst mechanism, catalyst development, process integration, and biomass modification for the production of hydrocarbon biofuels are provided.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/catal6120195&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesgold 119 citations 119 popularity Top 1% influence Top 10% impulse Top 1% Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/catal6120195&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal 2020 United StatesPublisher:MDPI AG Authors:Andreas Eschenbacher;
Alireza Saraeian; Brent H. Shanks;Andreas Eschenbacher
Andreas Eschenbacher in OpenAIREUffe Vie Mentzel;
+3 AuthorsUffe Vie Mentzel
Uffe Vie Mentzel in OpenAIREAndreas Eschenbacher;
Alireza Saraeian; Brent H. Shanks;Andreas Eschenbacher
Andreas Eschenbacher in OpenAIREUffe Vie Mentzel;
Uffe Vie Mentzel
Uffe Vie Mentzel in OpenAIREJesper Ahrenfeldt;
Jesper Ahrenfeldt
Jesper Ahrenfeldt in OpenAIREUlrik Birk Henriksen;
Ulrik Birk Henriksen
Ulrik Birk Henriksen in OpenAIREAnker Degn Jensen;
Anker Degn Jensen
Anker Degn Jensen in OpenAIREThe treatment of biomass-derived fast pyrolysis vapors with solid acid catalysts (in particular HZSM-5 zeolite) improves the quality of liquid bio-oils. However, due to the highly reactive nature of the oxygenates, the catalysts deactivate rapidly due to coking. Within this study, the deactivation and product yields using steam-treated phosphorus-modified HZSM-5/γ-Al2O3 and bare γ-Al2O3 was studied with analytical Py-GC. While at a fixed catalyst temperature of 450 °C, a rapid breakthrough of oxygenates was observed with increased biomass feeding, this breakthrough was delayed and slower at higher catalyst temperatures (600 °C). Nevertheless, at all (constant) temperatures, there was a continuous decrease in the yield of oxygen-free hydrocarbons with increased biomass feeding. Raising the reaction temperature during the vapor treatment could successfully compensate for the loss in activity and allowed a more stable production of oxygen-free hydrocarbons. Since more biomass could be fed over the same amount of catalyst while maintaining good deoxygenation performance, this strategy reduces the frequency of regeneration in parallel fixed bed applications and provides a more stable product yield. The approach appears particularly interesting for catalysts that are robust under hydrothermal conditions and warrants further investigations at larger scales for the collection and analysis of liquid bio-oil.
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You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/catal10070748&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 8 citations 8 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/catal10070748&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal 2021Publisher:MDPI AG Authors:Fayaz Hussain;
Saad Alshahrani;Fayaz Hussain
Fayaz Hussain in OpenAIREMuhammad Mujtaba Abbas;
Haris Mahmood Khan; +6 AuthorsMuhammad Mujtaba Abbas
Muhammad Mujtaba Abbas in OpenAIREFayaz Hussain;
Saad Alshahrani;Fayaz Hussain
Fayaz Hussain in OpenAIREMuhammad Mujtaba Abbas;
Haris Mahmood Khan; Asif Jamil;Muhammad Mujtaba Abbas
Muhammad Mujtaba Abbas in OpenAIREHaseeb Yaqoob;
Haseeb Yaqoob
Haseeb Yaqoob in OpenAIREManzoore Elahi M. Soudagar;
Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar
Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar in OpenAIREMuhammad Imran;
Muhammad Imran
Muhammad Imran in OpenAIREMushtaq Ahmad;
Mamoona Munir;Mushtaq Ahmad
Mushtaq Ahmad in OpenAIRESlaughterhouse waste is considered to be an emerging issue because of its disposal cost. As an alternative, it would be a great prospect for the bioeconomy society to explore new usages of these leftover materials. As per food safety rules mentioned by EU legislation, all bone waste generated by slaughterhouses ought to be disposed of by rendering. The huge quantity of worldwide bone waste generation (130 billion kilograms per annum) is an environmental burden if not properly managed. The waste animal bones can be efficiently employed as a heterogeneous catalyst to produce biodiesel. This mini review summarized the recent literature reported for biodiesel generation using waste animal bones derived heterogeneous catalyst. It discusses the sources of bone waste, catalyst preparation methods, particularly calcination and its effects, and important characteristics of bones derived catalyst. It suggests that catalysts extracted from waste animal bones have suitable catalytic activity in transesterification of different oil sources to generate a good quality biodiesel.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/catal11050630&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 42 citations 42 popularity Top 1% influence Top 10% impulse Top 1% Powered by BIP!
visibility 7visibility views 7 download downloads 67 Powered bymore_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/catal11050630&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal 2020 United StatesPublisher:MDPI AG Authors: Xiuyan Yang;Jacek A. Koziel;
Yael Laor; Wenda Zhu; +7 AuthorsJacek A. Koziel
Jacek A. Koziel in OpenAIREXiuyan Yang;Jacek A. Koziel;
Yael Laor; Wenda Zhu; J. (Hans) van Leeuwen; William S. Jenks; Steven J. Hoff;Jacek A. Koziel
Jacek A. Koziel in OpenAIREJeffrey Zimmerman;
Shicheng Zhang; Uzi Ravid; Robert Armon;Jeffrey Zimmerman
Jeffrey Zimmerman in OpenAIREControl of gaseous emissions from livestock operations is needed to ensure compliance with environmental regulations and sustainability of the industry. The focus of this research was to mitigate livestock odor emissions with UV light. Effects of the UV dose, wavelength, TiO2 catalyst, air temperature, and relative humidity were tested at lab scale on a synthetic mixture of nine odorous volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and real poultry manure offgas. Results show that it was feasible to control odorous VOCs with both photolysis and photocatalysis (synthetic VOCs mixture) and with photocatalysis (manure offgas). The treatment effectiveness R (defined as % conversion), was proportional to the light intensity for synthetic VOCs mixtures and followed an order of UV185+254 + TiO2 > UV254 + TiO2 > UV185+254; no catalyst > UV254; no catalyst. VOC conversion R > 80% was achieved when light energy was >~60 J L−1. The use of deep UV (UV185+254) improved the R, particularly when photolysis was the primary treatment. Odor removal up to ~80% was also observed for a synthetic VOCs mixture, and actual poultry manure offgas. Scale-up studies are warranted.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/catal10060607&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesgold 24 citations 24 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/catal10060607&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal 2021Publisher:MDPI AG Haris Mahmood Khan; Tanveer Iqbal; Saima Yasin; Chaudhry Haider Ali;Muhammad Mujtaba Abbas;
Muhammad Mujtaba Abbas
Muhammad Mujtaba Abbas in OpenAIREMuhammad Asif Jamil;
Muhammad Asif Jamil
Muhammad Asif Jamil in OpenAIREAbrar Hussain;
Abrar Hussain
Abrar Hussain in OpenAIREManzoore Elahi M. Soudagar;
Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar
Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar in OpenAIREMuhammad Muhitur Rahman;
Muhammad Muhitur Rahman
Muhammad Muhitur Rahman in OpenAIREIn this modern era, it has become essential to transform waste materials into valuables because of their excessive availability, along with achieving the targets of environmental protocols and waste management policies. With a growing population, the utilization and consumption of agricultural products have been increased extensively. In addition, it has increased the probability of agricultural waste generation. Waste produced from agricultural sources is considered as a viable source for synthesizing economical and ecofriendly catalysts and suitable ways for its disposal are sought. This study is targeted at agricultural waste-derived heterogeneous catalysts, which have been effectively employed for biodiesel generation. The types of agricultural waste, catalyst synthesis techniques, recent literature stated for agricultural waste-derived catalysts to produce biodiesel, the elemental composition and catalytic activity of agricultural waste ashes, the effect of reaction parameters to maximize biodiesel yield and catalyst reusability have been discussed. This work concludes that catalysts derived from agricultural waste are efficient in transesterification reaction, and they are easy to produce, and are cheap and ecofriendly. Moreover, this study encourages researchers to see the options for unexplored agricultural waste, which can be potentially converted into useful materials
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You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/catal11101215&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesgold 30 citations 30 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/catal11101215&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal 2021 United Kingdom, AustraliaPublisher:MDPI AG Funded by:FCT | LA 1FCT| LA 1Authors:Mohammed Salaheldeen;
Mohammed Salaheldeen
Mohammed Salaheldeen in OpenAIREAbdalbasit Adam Mariod;
Abdalbasit Adam Mariod
Abdalbasit Adam Mariod in OpenAIREMohamed Kheireddine Aroua;
Mohamed Kheireddine Aroua
Mohamed Kheireddine Aroua in OpenAIRES. M. Ashrafur Rahman;
+2 AuthorsS. M. Ashrafur Rahman
S. M. Ashrafur Rahman in OpenAIREMohammed Salaheldeen;
Mohammed Salaheldeen
Mohammed Salaheldeen in OpenAIREAbdalbasit Adam Mariod;
Abdalbasit Adam Mariod
Abdalbasit Adam Mariod in OpenAIREMohamed Kheireddine Aroua;
Mohamed Kheireddine Aroua
Mohamed Kheireddine Aroua in OpenAIRES. M. Ashrafur Rahman;
S. M. Ashrafur Rahman
S. M. Ashrafur Rahman in OpenAIREManzoore Elahi M. Soudagar;
Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar
Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar in OpenAIREI. M. Rizwanul Fattah;
I. M. Rizwanul Fattah
I. M. Rizwanul Fattah in OpenAIRETriglycerides are the main constituents of lipids, which are the fatty acids of glycerol. Natural organic triglycerides (viz. virgin vegetable oils, recycled cooking oils, and animal fats) are the main sources for biodiesel production. Biodiesel (mono alkyl esters) is the most attractive alternative fuel to diesel, with numerous environmental advantages over petroleum-based fuel. The most practicable method for converting triglycerides to biodiesel with viscosities comparable to diesel fuel is transesterification. Previous research has proven that biodiesel–diesel blends can operate the compression ignition engine without the need for significant modifications. However, the commercialization of biodiesel is still limited due to the high cost of production. In this sense, the transesterification route is a crucial factor in determining the total cost of biodiesel production. Homogenous base-catalyzed transesterification, industrially, is the conventional method to produce biodiesel. However, this method suffers from limitations both environmentally and economically. Although there are review articles on transesterification, most of them focus on a specific type of transesterification process and hence do not provide a comprehensive picture. This paper reviews the latest progress in research on all facets of transesterification technology from reports published by highly-rated scientific journals in the last two decades. The review focuses on the suggested modifications to the conventional method and the most promising innovative technologies. The potentiality of each technology to produce biodiesel from low-quality feedstock is also discussed.
Queensland Universit... arrow_drop_down Queensland University of Technology: QUT ePrintsArticle . 2021License: CC BYData sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Lancaster University: Lancaster EprintsArticle . 2021Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 83 citations 83 popularity Top 1% influence Top 10% impulse Top 1% Powered by BIP!
more_vert Queensland Universit... arrow_drop_down Queensland University of Technology: QUT ePrintsArticle . 2021License: CC BYData sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Lancaster University: Lancaster EprintsArticle . 2021Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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