• Energy Research

Our research examined the renewable energy consumption, foreign direct investment, international trade, and tourism impact on carbon dioxide discharge using system GMM, FMOLS, and DOLS models in selected developed countries of Europe and developing countries of Asia Pacific of the global employment for a period spanning 2000 to 2020. The results indicate that foreign direct investment and tourism comprise a positive affiliation with carbon discharge. Simultaneously, renewable energy utilization with international trade significantly negatively relates to carbon emissions in developed countries. On the other hand, renewable energy consumption, tourism, and global trade play an essential role in increased carbon emissions. Still, carbon dioxide emission decreases by foreign direct investment in developed countries. It is discovered that with long-run estimators, the long-run relationship of variables through carbon discharge in developed and developing countries. The study findings are considered useful in future planning of renewable energy utilization, FDI, tourism policies, and trade openness to improve ecological excellence.

This study examines the relationship between economic growth, renewable energy consumption, and carbon emissions in Iran between 1975–2017, and the bounds testing approach to cointegration and the asymmetric method was used in this study. The results reveal that in the long run increase in renewable energy consumption and CO2 emissions causes an increase in real GDP per capita. Meanwhile, the decrease in renewable energy has the same effect, but GDP per capita reacts more strongly to the rise in renewable energy than the decline. Besides, in the long run, a reduction of CO2 emissions has an insignificant impact on GDP per capita. Furthermore, the results from asymmetric tests suggest that reducing CO2 emissions and renewable energy consumption do not have an essential role in decreasing growth in the short run. In contrast, an increase in renewable energy consumption and CO2 emissions do contribute to boosting the growth. These results may be attributable to the less renewable energy in the energy portfolio of Iran. Additionally, the coefficients on capital and labor are statistically significant, and we discuss the economic implications of the results and propose specific policy recommendations.

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L'énergie est considérée comme l'oxygène d'une économie alimentant toutes les activités économiques. L'utilisation de l'énergie et son type ont un effet intertemporel et basé sur la taille sur le développement économique. Par conséquent, cette étude analyse empiriquement la relation entre la consommation d'énergie fossile et le développement économique dans le cas des pays BRICS entre 1990 et 2019. Les moindres carrés ordinaires entièrement modifiés sont utilisés avec la fonction quadratique de la consommation de charbon, de pétrole et de gaz pour évaluer l'effet basé sur la taille dans le temps. Cette étude montre que la consommation de charbon et de gaz naturel suit la relation en forme de U inversé avec l'IDH, tandis que la consommation de charbon montre une relation négative avec l'IDH. Par conséquent, l'énergie du charbon et du gaz contribue au développement lorsque sa part est faible, tandis que la surconsommation entrave le développement. Les pays BRICS devraient optimiser la consommation de charbon et de gaz en ce qui concerne le développement économique. La réduction de l'énergie fossile devrait être remplacée par des ressources énergétiques propres alternatives en utilisant une technologie de pointe telle que le processus de gazéification. La energía se considera el oxígeno de una economía que alimenta todas las actividades económicas. La utilización de la energía y su tipo tienen un efecto intertemporal y basado en el tamaño en el desarrollo económico. Por lo tanto, este estudio analiza empíricamente la relación del consumo de energía fósil con el desarrollo económico en el caso de los países BRICS entre 1990 y 2019. Los mínimos cuadrados ordinarios completamente modificados se utilizan con la función cuadrática del consumo de carbón, petróleo y gas para evaluar el efecto basado en el tamaño a lo largo del tiempo. Este estudio muestra que el consumo de carbón y gas natural sigue la relación en forma de U invertida con el IDH, mientras que el consumo de carbón muestra una relación negativa con el IDH. Por lo tanto, la energía del carbón y el gas ayuda al desarrollo cuando su participación es pequeña, mientras que el consumo excesivo obstaculiza el desarrollo. Los países BRICS deben optimizar el consumo de carbón y gas con respecto al desarrollo económico. La reducción de la energía fósil debe sustituirse por recursos energéticos limpios alternativos mediante el uso de tecnología avanzada, como el proceso de gasificación. Energy is considered the oxygen of an economy fueling all economic activities. Energy utilization and its type have an intertemporal and size-based effect on economic development. Therefore, this study empirically analyzes the relationship of fossil energy consumption with economic development in the case of BRICS countries between 1990 and 2019. Fully modified ordinary least squares is used with the quadratic function of coal, oil, and gas consumption to assess the size-based effect across time. This study shows that coal and natural gas consumption follows the inverted U-shaped relationship with HDI, while coal consumption shows a negative relationship with HDI. Hence, coal and gas energy assists in development when its share is small, while over-consumption hampers development. The BRICS countries should optimize coal and gas consumption with respect to economic development. Reducing fossil energy should be substituted with alternative clean energy resources by using advanced technology such as the gasification process. تعتبر الطاقة أكسجين الاقتصاد الذي يغذي جميع الأنشطة الاقتصادية. إن استخدام الطاقة ونوعها له تأثير زمني وقائم على الحجم على التنمية الاقتصادية. لذلك، تحلل هذه الدراسة تجريبيًا علاقة استهلاك الطاقة الأحفورية بالتنمية الاقتصادية في حالة دول البريكس بين عامي 1990 و 2019. يتم استخدام المربعات الصغرى العادية المعدلة بالكامل مع الوظيفة التربيعية لاستهلاك الفحم والنفط والغاز لتقييم التأثير القائم على الحجم عبر الزمن. تُظهر هذه الدراسة أن استهلاك الفحم والغاز الطبيعي يتبع العلاقة المقلوبة على شكل حرف U مع دليل التنمية البشرية، بينما يُظهر استهلاك الفحم علاقة سلبية مع دليل التنمية البشرية. وبالتالي، تساعد طاقة الفحم والغاز في التنمية عندما تكون حصتها صغيرة، في حين أن الاستهلاك المفرط يعيق التنمية. يجب على دول البريكس تحسين استهلاك الفحم والغاز فيما يتعلق بالتنمية الاقتصادية. يجب استبدال الحد من الطاقة الأحفورية بموارد الطاقة النظيفة البديلة باستخدام التكنولوجيا المتقدمة مثل عملية التغويز.

This study examines the relationship between globalization, ecological footprint, innovation, and subjective wellbeing in the form of happiness, using a comprehensive assessment of OECD countries from 2008 to 2020. The study employs FGLS, Quantile, and Bootstrap Quantile regression estimation to investigate the quadratic effects of globalization, ecological footprint, and the moderating effect of innovation while controlling for renewable energy and population density. Happiness is a multidisciplinary subject, and this study focuses on the economic dimensions of happiness. The findings reveal a nonlinear relationship between ecological footprint and globalization, with negative effects on subjective wellbeing at high levels of ecological footprint and globalization. However, the moderating effect of innovation mitigates these adverse effects, indicating that innovation can help to offset the detrimental impacts of ecological footprint and globalization on subjective wellbeing. The study’s implications are significant for policymakers promoting sustainable economic growth while enhancing subjective wellbeing. The findings highlight the importance of investing in innovation and sustainable development to promote subjective wellbeing in the face of increasing ecological footprint and globalization. Additionally, this research contributes to the multidisciplinary understanding of happiness and provides valuable insights for future research in this area.

Sustainable supply chain management techniques have been developed over the last several decades to reduce accidental environmental damage during production and buying. Certifying a practical connection between ecosystems and economic development, circular economies push the limits of environmental sustainability. There are two types of rebound effects in the studied business. The impacts of circular business models and strategies are examined and put in a broader framework to get a better understanding of their role in the transition. In order to put transitory changes in a system perspective, this work approach to the problem in new way. Rebound effects and designing an eco-effective transition are discussed as theory-building elements. We conclude by suggesting several future research directions.

The aim of this research is to examine the potential influence of FDI inflows and tourism industry on carbon dioxide emissions in China using System GMM models for a sample period of 1980–2019. Using FMOLS and DOLS models, this research examines the long-term relationship between the variables, as well as the long-term association among components. Co-joining the boards of FMOLS and DOLS models shows a general correlation between the investigation elements and CO2 emissions in China. FDI, tourism sector, and environment-friendly electricity use have all been major contributors to rising CO2 emissions in China for a long time. Using System GMM, FMOLS, and DOLS models in China, we examined the influence of the travel sector on carbon dioxide emissions as well as environment-friendly electricity usage and foreign direct investment. The government of China is being pushed to attract more foreign direct investment in order to improve the system and expand the transportation industry. As a reasonable responsibility to an unnatural climate change, methods for developing the movement business and theories relating to the movement business should be adopted.

For nations already facing pollution issues, fossil fuel energy consumption is deteriorating living standards. Though prevailing infrastructure makes fossil fuel energy use feasible for production, it still pollutes our environment. This study in the domain of environment and development assesses the impact of fossil fuel energy consumption on the infant mortality rate in 15 Asian economies during 1996 and 2019. The living standards are assessed using infant mortality rate, while non-linear fossil fuel energy consumption is used with gross capital formation, employment, and preprimary education as independent variables. The feasible generalized least square method evaluates the effects. The study concludes that fossil fuel energy consumption follows a U-shaped relationship explaining infant mortality. The results point out that over-consumption of fossil fuel energy is deteriorating the living standards considering low air quality levels in Asian economies.