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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Takahiro Oda; Jun’ya Takakura; Longlong Tang; Toshichika Iizumi; +19 Authors

    Abstract What will be the aggregated cost of climate change in achieving the Paris Agreement, including mitigation, adaptation, and residual impacts? Several studies estimated the aggregated cost but did not always consider the critical issues. Some do not address non-market values such as biodiversity and human health, and most do not address differentiating discount rates. In this study, we estimate the aggregated cost of climate change using an integrated assessment model linked with detailed-process-based climate impact models and different discount rates for market and non-market values. The analysis reveals that a climate policy with minimal aggregated cost is sensitive to socioeconomic scenarios and the way discount rates are applied. The results elucidate that a lower discount rate to non-market value—that is, a higher estimate of future value—makes the aggregated cost of achieving the Paris Agreement economically reasonable.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ IIASA DAREarrow_drop_down
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    Environmental Research Letters
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
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    Environmental Research Letters
    Article . 2023
    Data sources: DOAJ
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ IIASA DAREarrow_drop_down
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      Environmental Research Letters
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Environmental Research Letters
      Article . 2023
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Takahiro Oda; Jun’ya Takakura; Longlong Tang; Toshichika Iizumi; +19 Authors

    Abstract What will be the aggregated cost of climate change in achieving the Paris Agreement, including mitigation, adaptation, and residual impacts? Several studies estimated the aggregated cost but did not always consider the critical issues. Some do not address non-market values such as biodiversity and human health, and most do not address differentiating discount rates. In this study, we estimate the aggregated cost of climate change using an integrated assessment model linked with detailed-process-based climate impact models and different discount rates for market and non-market values. The analysis reveals that a climate policy with minimal aggregated cost is sensitive to socioeconomic scenarios and the way discount rates are applied. The results elucidate that a lower discount rate to non-market value—that is, a higher estimate of future value—makes the aggregated cost of achieving the Paris Agreement economically reasonable.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ IIASA DAREarrow_drop_down
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Environmental Research Letters
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Environmental Research Letters
    Article . 2023
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ IIASA DAREarrow_drop_down
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Environmental Research Letters
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Environmental Research Letters
      Article . 2023
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Vera Ling Hui Phung; Kazutaka Oka; Yasushi Honda; Yasuaki Hijioka; +5 Authors

    Le changement climatique et ses effets ultérieurs sur la température ont soulevé des préoccupations en matière de santé publique mondiale. Bien que de nombreuses études épidémiologiques aient montré les effets néfastes de la température sur la santé, l'association reste incertaine pour les enfants de moins de cinq ans et ceux des régions climatiques tropicales. Nous avons mené une étude de cas croisée stratifiée dans le temps en deux étapes pour examiner l'association entre la température et la mortalité des moins de cinq ans, couvrant la période de 2014 à 2018 dans les six régions de Malaisie. Dans la première étape, nous avons estimé les associations température-mortalité spécifiques à la région en utilisant une régression de Poisson conditionnelle et des modèles non linéaires de décalage distribués. Nous avons utilisé un modèle de méta-régression multivarié pour regrouper les estimations spécifiques à la région et examiner le rôle potentiel des caractéristiques locales dans l'association, qui comprend des informations géographiques, des données démographiques, le statut socio-économique, des mesures de température à long terme et l'accès aux soins de santé par région. La température en Malaisie variait de 22 °C à 31 °C, avec une moyenne de 27,6 °C. Aucune saisonnalité claire n'a été observée dans la mortalité des moins de cinq ans. Nous n'avons trouvé aucune preuve solide de l'association entre la température et la mortalité des moins de cinq ans, avec une courbe exposition-réponse en forme de « M ». La température minimale de mortalité (MMT) a été identifiée à 27,1 °C. Parmi plusieurs caractéristiques locales, seuls le niveau d'éducation et les taux de lits d'hôpital ont réduit l'hétérogénéité résiduelle dans l'association. Cependant, la modification de l'effet par ces variables n'était pas significative. Cette étude suggère une association nulle entre la température et la mortalité des moins de cinq ans en Malaisie, qui a un climat tropical. Le motif en forme de « M- » suggère que les moins de cinq ans peuvent être vulnérables aux changements de température, même avec un petit changement de température par rapport au MMT. Cependant, les faibles risques avec une grande incertitude aux températures extrêmes sont restés peu concluants. Les rôles potentiels du niveau d'éducation et du taux de lits d'hôpital étaient statistiquement non concluants. El cambio climático y sus efectos posteriores sobre la temperatura han planteado problemas de salud pública a nivel mundial. Aunque numerosos estudios epidemiológicos han demostrado los efectos adversos de la temperatura para la salud, la asociación sigue sin estar clara para los niños menores de cinco años y los de las regiones de clima tropical. Realizamos un estudio cruzado de casos estratificado en dos etapas para examinar la asociación entre la temperatura y la mortalidad de menores de cinco años, que abarca el período de 2014 a 2018 en las seis regiones de Malasia. En la primera etapa, estimamos las asociaciones de temperatura-mortalidad específicas de la región utilizando una regresión condicional de Poisson y modelos no lineales de retardo distribuido. Utilizamos un modelo de metarregresión multivariante para agrupar las estimaciones específicas de la región y examinar el papel potencial de las características locales en la asociación, que incluye información geográfica, demografía, estado socioeconómico, métricas de temperatura a largo plazo y acceso a la atención médica por región. La temperatura en Malasia osciló entre 22 °C y 31 °C, con una media de 27,6 °C. No se observó una estacionalidad clara en la mortalidad de menores de cinco años. No encontramos pruebas sólidas de la asociación entre la temperatura y la mortalidad de menores de cinco años, con una curva de exposición-respuesta en forma de "M". La temperatura mínima de mortalidad (TMM) se identificó en 27,1 °C. Entre varias características locales, solo el nivel educativo y las tasas de camas hospitalarias redujeron la heterogeneidad residual en la asociación. Sin embargo, la modificación del efecto por estas variables no fue significativa. Este estudio sugiere una asociación nula entre la temperatura y la mortalidad de menores de cinco años en Malasia, que tiene un clima tropical. El patrón en forma de "M" sugiere que los menores de cinco años pueden ser vulnerables a los cambios de temperatura, incluso con un pequeño cambio de temperatura en referencia a la TMM. Sin embargo, los riesgos débiles con una gran incertidumbre a temperaturas extremas no fueron concluyentes. Los posibles roles del nivel educativo y la tasa de camas hospitalarias no fueron estadísticamente concluyentes. Climate change and its subsequent effects on temperature have raised global public health concerns. Although numerous epidemiological studies have shown the adverse health effects of temperature, the association remains unclear for children aged below five years old and those in tropical climate regions.We conducted a two-stage time-stratified case-crossover study to examine the association between temperature and under-five mortality, spanning the period from 2014 to 2018 across all six regions in Malaysia. In the first stage, we estimated region-specific temperature-mortality associations using a conditional Poisson regression and distributed lag nonlinear models. We used a multivariate meta-regression model to pool the region-specific estimates and examine the potential role of local characteristics in the association, which includes geographical information, demographics, socioeconomic status, long-term temperature metrics, and healthcare access by region.Temperature in Malaysia ranged from 22 °C to 31 °C, with a mean of 27.6 °C. No clear seasonality was observed in under-five mortality. We found no strong evidence of the association between temperature and under-five mortality, with an "M-" shaped exposure-response curve. The minimum mortality temperature (MMT) was identified at 27.1 °C. Among several local characteristics, only education level and hospital bed rates reduced the residual heterogeneity in the association. However, effect modification by these variables were not significant.This study suggests a null association between temperature and under-five mortality in Malaysia, which has a tropical climate. The "M-" shaped pattern suggests that under-fives may be vulnerable to temperature changes, even with a small temperature change in reference to the MMT. However, the weak risks with a large uncertainty at extreme temperatures remained inconclusive. Potential roles of education level and hospital bed rate were statistically inconclusive. أثار تغير المناخ وآثاره اللاحقة على درجة الحرارة مخاوف بشأن الصحة العامة العالمية. على الرغم من أن العديد من الدراسات الوبائية أظهرت الآثار الصحية الضارة لدرجة الحرارة، إلا أن الارتباط لا يزال غير واضح بالنسبة للأطفال الذين تقل أعمارهم عن خمس سنوات وأولئك الموجودين في المناطق المناخية الاستوائية. أجرينا دراسة حالة متقاطعة على مرحلتين لفحص العلاقة بين درجة الحرارة ووفيات الأطفال دون سن الخامسة، والتي تمتد من عام 2014 إلى عام 2018 في جميع المناطق الست في ماليزيا. في المرحلة الأولى، قمنا بتقدير ارتباطات درجة الحرارة والوفيات الخاصة بالمنطقة باستخدام انحدار بواسون المشروط وتوزيع نماذج التأخر غير الخطية. استخدمنا نموذج الانحدار التلوي متعدد المتغيرات لتجميع التقديرات الخاصة بالمنطقة ودراسة الدور المحتمل للخصائص المحلية في الجمعية، والتي تشمل المعلومات الجغرافية، والتركيبة السكانية، والحالة الاجتماعية والاقتصادية، ومقاييس درجة الحرارة على المدى الطويل، والوصول إلى الرعاية الصحية حسب المنطقة. تراوحت درجة الحرارة في ماليزيا من 22 درجة مئوية إلى 31 درجة مئوية، بمتوسط 27.6 درجة مئوية. لم يلاحظ أي موسمية واضحة في وفيات الأطفال دون سن الخامسة. لم نجد أي دليل قوي على الارتباط بين درجة الحرارة ووفيات الأطفال دون سن الخامسة، مع منحنى استجابة للتعرض على شكل "M". تم تحديد درجة الحرارة الدنيا للوفيات (MMT) عند 27.1 درجة مئوية. من بين العديد من الخصائص المحلية، أدى مستوى التعليم ومعدلات الأسرة في المستشفى فقط إلى تقليل عدم التجانس المتبقي في الجمعية. ومع ذلك، لم يكن تعديل التأثير من خلال هذه المتغيرات مهمًا. تشير هذه الدراسة إلى وجود ارتباط فارغ بين درجة الحرارة ووفيات الأطفال دون سن الخامسة في ماليزيا، التي تتمتع بمناخ استوائي. يشير النمط على شكل "M -" إلى أن الأطفال دون سن الخامسة قد يكونون عرضة لتغيرات درجة الحرارة، حتى مع تغير طفيف في درجة الحرارة في إشارة إلى MMT. ومع ذلك، ظلت المخاطر الضعيفة مع عدم اليقين الكبير في درجات الحرارة القصوى غير حاسمة. كانت الأدوار المحتملة لمستوى التعليم ومعدل سرير المستشفى غير حاسمة إحصائيًا.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Environmental Resear...arrow_drop_down
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    Environmental Research
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Vera Ling Hui Phung; Kazutaka Oka; Yasushi Honda; Yasuaki Hijioka; +5 Authors

    Le changement climatique et ses effets ultérieurs sur la température ont soulevé des préoccupations en matière de santé publique mondiale. Bien que de nombreuses études épidémiologiques aient montré les effets néfastes de la température sur la santé, l'association reste incertaine pour les enfants de moins de cinq ans et ceux des régions climatiques tropicales. Nous avons mené une étude de cas croisée stratifiée dans le temps en deux étapes pour examiner l'association entre la température et la mortalité des moins de cinq ans, couvrant la période de 2014 à 2018 dans les six régions de Malaisie. Dans la première étape, nous avons estimé les associations température-mortalité spécifiques à la région en utilisant une régression de Poisson conditionnelle et des modèles non linéaires de décalage distribués. Nous avons utilisé un modèle de méta-régression multivarié pour regrouper les estimations spécifiques à la région et examiner le rôle potentiel des caractéristiques locales dans l'association, qui comprend des informations géographiques, des données démographiques, le statut socio-économique, des mesures de température à long terme et l'accès aux soins de santé par région. La température en Malaisie variait de 22 °C à 31 °C, avec une moyenne de 27,6 °C. Aucune saisonnalité claire n'a été observée dans la mortalité des moins de cinq ans. Nous n'avons trouvé aucune preuve solide de l'association entre la température et la mortalité des moins de cinq ans, avec une courbe exposition-réponse en forme de « M ». La température minimale de mortalité (MMT) a été identifiée à 27,1 °C. Parmi plusieurs caractéristiques locales, seuls le niveau d'éducation et les taux de lits d'hôpital ont réduit l'hétérogénéité résiduelle dans l'association. Cependant, la modification de l'effet par ces variables n'était pas significative. Cette étude suggère une association nulle entre la température et la mortalité des moins de cinq ans en Malaisie, qui a un climat tropical. Le motif en forme de « M- » suggère que les moins de cinq ans peuvent être vulnérables aux changements de température, même avec un petit changement de température par rapport au MMT. Cependant, les faibles risques avec une grande incertitude aux températures extrêmes sont restés peu concluants. Les rôles potentiels du niveau d'éducation et du taux de lits d'hôpital étaient statistiquement non concluants. El cambio climático y sus efectos posteriores sobre la temperatura han planteado problemas de salud pública a nivel mundial. Aunque numerosos estudios epidemiológicos han demostrado los efectos adversos de la temperatura para la salud, la asociación sigue sin estar clara para los niños menores de cinco años y los de las regiones de clima tropical. Realizamos un estudio cruzado de casos estratificado en dos etapas para examinar la asociación entre la temperatura y la mortalidad de menores de cinco años, que abarca el período de 2014 a 2018 en las seis regiones de Malasia. En la primera etapa, estimamos las asociaciones de temperatura-mortalidad específicas de la región utilizando una regresión condicional de Poisson y modelos no lineales de retardo distribuido. Utilizamos un modelo de metarregresión multivariante para agrupar las estimaciones específicas de la región y examinar el papel potencial de las características locales en la asociación, que incluye información geográfica, demografía, estado socioeconómico, métricas de temperatura a largo plazo y acceso a la atención médica por región. La temperatura en Malasia osciló entre 22 °C y 31 °C, con una media de 27,6 °C. No se observó una estacionalidad clara en la mortalidad de menores de cinco años. No encontramos pruebas sólidas de la asociación entre la temperatura y la mortalidad de menores de cinco años, con una curva de exposición-respuesta en forma de "M". La temperatura mínima de mortalidad (TMM) se identificó en 27,1 °C. Entre varias características locales, solo el nivel educativo y las tasas de camas hospitalarias redujeron la heterogeneidad residual en la asociación. Sin embargo, la modificación del efecto por estas variables no fue significativa. Este estudio sugiere una asociación nula entre la temperatura y la mortalidad de menores de cinco años en Malasia, que tiene un clima tropical. El patrón en forma de "M" sugiere que los menores de cinco años pueden ser vulnerables a los cambios de temperatura, incluso con un pequeño cambio de temperatura en referencia a la TMM. Sin embargo, los riesgos débiles con una gran incertidumbre a temperaturas extremas no fueron concluyentes. Los posibles roles del nivel educativo y la tasa de camas hospitalarias no fueron estadísticamente concluyentes. Climate change and its subsequent effects on temperature have raised global public health concerns. Although numerous epidemiological studies have shown the adverse health effects of temperature, the association remains unclear for children aged below five years old and those in tropical climate regions.We conducted a two-stage time-stratified case-crossover study to examine the association between temperature and under-five mortality, spanning the period from 2014 to 2018 across all six regions in Malaysia. In the first stage, we estimated region-specific temperature-mortality associations using a conditional Poisson regression and distributed lag nonlinear models. We used a multivariate meta-regression model to pool the region-specific estimates and examine the potential role of local characteristics in the association, which includes geographical information, demographics, socioeconomic status, long-term temperature metrics, and healthcare access by region.Temperature in Malaysia ranged from 22 °C to 31 °C, with a mean of 27.6 °C. No clear seasonality was observed in under-five mortality. We found no strong evidence of the association between temperature and under-five mortality, with an "M-" shaped exposure-response curve. The minimum mortality temperature (MMT) was identified at 27.1 °C. Among several local characteristics, only education level and hospital bed rates reduced the residual heterogeneity in the association. However, effect modification by these variables were not significant.This study suggests a null association between temperature and under-five mortality in Malaysia, which has a tropical climate. The "M-" shaped pattern suggests that under-fives may be vulnerable to temperature changes, even with a small temperature change in reference to the MMT. However, the weak risks with a large uncertainty at extreme temperatures remained inconclusive. Potential roles of education level and hospital bed rate were statistically inconclusive. أثار تغير المناخ وآثاره اللاحقة على درجة الحرارة مخاوف بشأن الصحة العامة العالمية. على الرغم من أن العديد من الدراسات الوبائية أظهرت الآثار الصحية الضارة لدرجة الحرارة، إلا أن الارتباط لا يزال غير واضح بالنسبة للأطفال الذين تقل أعمارهم عن خمس سنوات وأولئك الموجودين في المناطق المناخية الاستوائية. أجرينا دراسة حالة متقاطعة على مرحلتين لفحص العلاقة بين درجة الحرارة ووفيات الأطفال دون سن الخامسة، والتي تمتد من عام 2014 إلى عام 2018 في جميع المناطق الست في ماليزيا. في المرحلة الأولى، قمنا بتقدير ارتباطات درجة الحرارة والوفيات الخاصة بالمنطقة باستخدام انحدار بواسون المشروط وتوزيع نماذج التأخر غير الخطية. استخدمنا نموذج الانحدار التلوي متعدد المتغيرات لتجميع التقديرات الخاصة بالمنطقة ودراسة الدور المحتمل للخصائص المحلية في الجمعية، والتي تشمل المعلومات الجغرافية، والتركيبة السكانية، والحالة الاجتماعية والاقتصادية، ومقاييس درجة الحرارة على المدى الطويل، والوصول إلى الرعاية الصحية حسب المنطقة. تراوحت درجة الحرارة في ماليزيا من 22 درجة مئوية إلى 31 درجة مئوية، بمتوسط 27.6 درجة مئوية. لم يلاحظ أي موسمية واضحة في وفيات الأطفال دون سن الخامسة. لم نجد أي دليل قوي على الارتباط بين درجة الحرارة ووفيات الأطفال دون سن الخامسة، مع منحنى استجابة للتعرض على شكل "M". تم تحديد درجة الحرارة الدنيا للوفيات (MMT) عند 27.1 درجة مئوية. من بين العديد من الخصائص المحلية، أدى مستوى التعليم ومعدلات الأسرة في المستشفى فقط إلى تقليل عدم التجانس المتبقي في الجمعية. ومع ذلك، لم يكن تعديل التأثير من خلال هذه المتغيرات مهمًا. تشير هذه الدراسة إلى وجود ارتباط فارغ بين درجة الحرارة ووفيات الأطفال دون سن الخامسة في ماليزيا، التي تتمتع بمناخ استوائي. يشير النمط على شكل "M -" إلى أن الأطفال دون سن الخامسة قد يكونون عرضة لتغيرات درجة الحرارة، حتى مع تغير طفيف في درجة الحرارة في إشارة إلى MMT. ومع ذلك، ظلت المخاطر الضعيفة مع عدم اليقين الكبير في درجات الحرارة القصوى غير حاسمة. كانت الأدوار المحتملة لمستوى التعليم ومعدل سرير المستشفى غير حاسمة إحصائيًا.

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    Authors: Brown, Sally; Hoegh-Guldberg, O.; Jacob, D.; Taylor, M.; +18 Authors

    The need to stabilize global climate Climate change will be the greatest threat to humanity and global ecosystems in the coming years, and there is a pressing need to understand and communicate the impacts of warming, across the perspectives of the natural and social sciences. Hoegh-Guldberg et al. review the climate change–impact literature, expanding on the recent report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. They provide evidence of the impacts of warming at 1°, 1.5°, and 2°C—and higher—for the physical system, ecosystems, agriculture, and human livelihoods. The benefits of limiting climate change to no more than 1.5°C above preindustrial levels would outweigh the costs. Science , this issue p. eaaw6974

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    Authors: Brown, Sally; Hoegh-Guldberg, O.; Jacob, D.; Taylor, M.; +18 Authors

    The need to stabilize global climate Climate change will be the greatest threat to humanity and global ecosystems in the coming years, and there is a pressing need to understand and communicate the impacts of warming, across the perspectives of the natural and social sciences. Hoegh-Guldberg et al. review the climate change–impact literature, expanding on the recent report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. They provide evidence of the impacts of warming at 1°, 1.5°, and 2°C—and higher—for the physical system, ecosystems, agriculture, and human livelihoods. The benefits of limiting climate change to no more than 1.5°C above preindustrial levels would outweigh the costs. Science , this issue p. eaaw6974

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    Authors: Takeshi Watanabe; Kazutaka Oka; Yasuaki Hijioka;

    Abstract Information on the variation in photovoltaic (PV) power generation is essential for resource assessment. This work investigated the interannual variability of the nationwide electric power supply from PV systems in Japan. Objectives of this study were twofold: one was the quantification of the annual variability of the nationwide PV power supply. The other was identifying the causes of the variability. However, the time span of available observation data on the PV power supply is inadequate to evaluate its variability, as PV systems have been rapidly installed in recent years. We used simulation to bypass this limitation. Due to the lack of available information for modeling, a hybrid modeling approach, combining a parametric model, and estimating parameters by fitting the model to observations, was employed. Nationwide PV power supply simulations were performed using historical weather data for 30 years, from 1991–2020. The long-term simulation data enabled us to quantify the interannual variability of the nationwide PV power generation. The annual variability measured with the range from the minimum to the maximum was approximately 9% of the mean. The variability for each month was less than 30% of the monthly mean for every month except for July when it was approximately 40%. An increasing trend in the annual mean PV power supply was observed over the 30 years, with an increase of 0.16% per year of the mean over the whole period. We found that the variations in sea surface temperature (SST) in the Tropics are factors contributing to the variability of nationwide PV power supply. Specifically, the variation in SST in the tropical Indian Ocean is one of the possible driving factors of the annual variability. The framework proposed in this study can provide valuable information for assessing solar energy resources on an interannual scale.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Environmental Resear...arrow_drop_down
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    Environmental Research Communications
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      Environmental Research Communications
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Takeshi Watanabe; Kazutaka Oka; Yasuaki Hijioka;

    Abstract Information on the variation in photovoltaic (PV) power generation is essential for resource assessment. This work investigated the interannual variability of the nationwide electric power supply from PV systems in Japan. Objectives of this study were twofold: one was the quantification of the annual variability of the nationwide PV power supply. The other was identifying the causes of the variability. However, the time span of available observation data on the PV power supply is inadequate to evaluate its variability, as PV systems have been rapidly installed in recent years. We used simulation to bypass this limitation. Due to the lack of available information for modeling, a hybrid modeling approach, combining a parametric model, and estimating parameters by fitting the model to observations, was employed. Nationwide PV power supply simulations were performed using historical weather data for 30 years, from 1991–2020. The long-term simulation data enabled us to quantify the interannual variability of the nationwide PV power generation. The annual variability measured with the range from the minimum to the maximum was approximately 9% of the mean. The variability for each month was less than 30% of the monthly mean for every month except for July when it was approximately 40%. An increasing trend in the annual mean PV power supply was observed over the 30 years, with an increase of 0.16% per year of the mean over the whole period. We found that the variations in sea surface temperature (SST) in the Tropics are factors contributing to the variability of nationwide PV power supply. Specifically, the variation in SST in the tropical Indian Ocean is one of the possible driving factors of the annual variability. The framework proposed in this study can provide valuable information for assessing solar energy resources on an interannual scale.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Environmental Resear...arrow_drop_down
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    Environmental Research Communications
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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      Environmental Research Communications
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
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    Authors: Atsushi Wakai; Yasuaki Hijioka; Masayuki Yokozawa; Manabu Watanabe; +1 Authors

    The future increase of large-scale weather disasters resulting from the increased frequency of extreme weather events caused by climate change is a matter of concern. Predicting future flood damage through statistical analysis requires accurate modeling of the relationship between historical precipitation and flood damage. An analysis that considers precipitation as a time series may be appropriate for this purpose. Functional data analysis was applied to model the relationship between historical daily precipitation and daily flood damage for river basins in the Kanto and Koshin regions of Japan. Flood damage statistics from the national government and 1-km grid past precipitation data from the National Agriculture and Food Research Organization were used. The models obtained through the functional data analysis were more accurate than those derived from the simple linear regression without considering the time series of precipitation. The new models were also about four times more accurate in estimating the annual sum of flood damage, compared to the flood damage of each flood event. The accuracy of prediction was higher in recent years than in earlier years of the study period (1993–2020). The results showed that the influence of precipitation on flood damage was more apparent in recent years. This findings may imply that the progress of the river development project and the resulting improvement of the structures along the river have indirectly affected levels of flood damage associated with levels of precipitation.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ PLoS ONEarrow_drop_down
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    PLoS ONE
    Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
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    PLoS ONE
    Article . 2025
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    PLoS ONE
    Article . 2025
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      PLoS ONE
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      PLoS ONE
      Article . 2025
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      PLoS ONE
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    Authors: Atsushi Wakai; Yasuaki Hijioka; Masayuki Yokozawa; Manabu Watanabe; +1 Authors

    The future increase of large-scale weather disasters resulting from the increased frequency of extreme weather events caused by climate change is a matter of concern. Predicting future flood damage through statistical analysis requires accurate modeling of the relationship between historical precipitation and flood damage. An analysis that considers precipitation as a time series may be appropriate for this purpose. Functional data analysis was applied to model the relationship between historical daily precipitation and daily flood damage for river basins in the Kanto and Koshin regions of Japan. Flood damage statistics from the national government and 1-km grid past precipitation data from the National Agriculture and Food Research Organization were used. The models obtained through the functional data analysis were more accurate than those derived from the simple linear regression without considering the time series of precipitation. The new models were also about four times more accurate in estimating the annual sum of flood damage, compared to the flood damage of each flood event. The accuracy of prediction was higher in recent years than in earlier years of the study period (1993–2020). The results showed that the influence of precipitation on flood damage was more apparent in recent years. This findings may imply that the progress of the river development project and the resulting improvement of the structures along the river have indirectly affected levels of flood damage associated with levels of precipitation.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ PLoS ONEarrow_drop_down
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    PLoS ONE
    Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
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    PLoS ONE
    Article . 2025
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    PLoS ONE
    Article . 2025
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      PLoS ONE
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      PLoS ONE
      Article . 2025
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    Authors: Takahiro Oyama; Jun’ya Takakura; Yuri Hosokawa; Yasushi Honda; +3 Authors

    Abstract Millions of students in Japan participate in school sports club activities, where thousands of heat illness cases occur every year. With future climate change, there is concern about the increased health risks posed to students in sports club activities by the worsening heat environment. However, few studies have quantitatively assessed the heat illness risks associated with school sports activities and the effectiveness of countermeasures under future climate change scenarios. Here, we evaluated the impact of heat and effectiveness of countermeasures based on hourly wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT) projections under multiple climate scenarios. For the 2060s to 2080s, even under a stringent greenhouse gas (GHG) emission control scenario (SSP1-1.9), strenuous exercise will be restricted for one to four months in five out of eight WBGT zones defined for Japan and for one to six months in six zones under the scenario with little control of GHG emissions (SSP5-8.5). In all four scenarios, unlike in the past, all physical activity should be stopped at least once a week in one or more zones. While common countermeasures like early morning exercise and reducing outdoor activity frequency effectively reduce heat illness risks, under the most pessimistic scenario (SSP5-8.5), strenuous exercise would still need to be restricted for one to four months in warmer zones, even with these measures. Common heat illness countermeasures remain necessary for sports club activities at present. However, further measures—such as replacing outdoor activities with indoor sessions—and behavioral changes—such as moving tournaments concentrated during summer vacation to cooler times of the year—will be inevitable as global warming progresses.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Environmental Resear...arrow_drop_down
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    Environmental Research Health
    Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3....
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Environmental Research Health
    Article . 2025
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      Environmental Research Health
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      https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3....
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      Environmental Research Health
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Takahiro Oyama; Jun’ya Takakura; Yuri Hosokawa; Yasushi Honda; +3 Authors

    Abstract Millions of students in Japan participate in school sports club activities, where thousands of heat illness cases occur every year. With future climate change, there is concern about the increased health risks posed to students in sports club activities by the worsening heat environment. However, few studies have quantitatively assessed the heat illness risks associated with school sports activities and the effectiveness of countermeasures under future climate change scenarios. Here, we evaluated the impact of heat and effectiveness of countermeasures based on hourly wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT) projections under multiple climate scenarios. For the 2060s to 2080s, even under a stringent greenhouse gas (GHG) emission control scenario (SSP1-1.9), strenuous exercise will be restricted for one to four months in five out of eight WBGT zones defined for Japan and for one to six months in six zones under the scenario with little control of GHG emissions (SSP5-8.5). In all four scenarios, unlike in the past, all physical activity should be stopped at least once a week in one or more zones. While common countermeasures like early morning exercise and reducing outdoor activity frequency effectively reduce heat illness risks, under the most pessimistic scenario (SSP5-8.5), strenuous exercise would still need to be restricted for one to four months in warmer zones, even with these measures. Common heat illness countermeasures remain necessary for sports club activities at present. However, further measures—such as replacing outdoor activities with indoor sessions—and behavioral changes—such as moving tournaments concentrated during summer vacation to cooler times of the year—will be inevitable as global warming progresses.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Environmental Resear...arrow_drop_down
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    Environmental Research Health
    Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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    https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3....
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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    Environmental Research Health
    Article . 2025
    Data sources: DOAJ
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      Environmental Research Health
      Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3....
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Environmental Research Health
      Article . 2025
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Ronald C. Estoque; Brian Alan Johnson; Yan Gao; Rajarshi Dasgupta; +7 Authors

    Abstract With the intensifying challenges of global environmental change, sustainability, and biodiversity conservation, the monitoring of the world’s remaining forests has become more important than ever. Today, Earth observation technologies, particularly remote sensing, are at the forefront of forest cover monitoring worldwide. Given the current conceptual understanding of what a forest is, canopy cover threshold values are used to map forest cover from remote sensing imagery and produce categorical data products such as forest/non-forest (F/NF) maps. However, multi-temporal categorical map products have important limitations because they inadequately represent the actual status of forest landscapes and the trajectories of forest cover changes as a result of the thresholding effect. Here, we examined the potential of using remotely sensed tree canopy cover (TCC) datasets, which are continuous data products, to complement F/NF maps for forest cover monitoring. We developed a conceptual analytical framework for forest cover monitoring using both types of data products and applied it to the forests of Southeast Asia. We conclude that TCC datasets and the statistics derived from them can be used to complement the information provided by categorical F/NF maps. TCC-based indicators (i.e. losses, gains, and net changes) can help in monitoring not only deforestation but also forest degradation and forest cover enhancement, all of which are highly relevant to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and other global forest cover monitoring-related initiatives. We recommend that future research should focus on the production, application, and evaluation of TCC datasets to advance the current understanding of how accurately these products can capture changes in forest landscapes across space and time.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Environmental Resear...arrow_drop_down
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    Environmental Research Letters
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Environmental Research Letters
    Article
    License: CC BY
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    Environmental Research Letters
    Article . 2021
    Data sources: DOAJ
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/bf...
    Other literature type . 2021
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    Other literature type . 2021
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Environmental Resear...arrow_drop_down
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      Environmental Research Letters
      Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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      Environmental Research Letters
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      Environmental Research Letters
      Article . 2021
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/bf...
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Ronald C. Estoque; Brian Alan Johnson; Yan Gao; Rajarshi Dasgupta; +7 Authors

    Abstract With the intensifying challenges of global environmental change, sustainability, and biodiversity conservation, the monitoring of the world’s remaining forests has become more important than ever. Today, Earth observation technologies, particularly remote sensing, are at the forefront of forest cover monitoring worldwide. Given the current conceptual understanding of what a forest is, canopy cover threshold values are used to map forest cover from remote sensing imagery and produce categorical data products such as forest/non-forest (F/NF) maps. However, multi-temporal categorical map products have important limitations because they inadequately represent the actual status of forest landscapes and the trajectories of forest cover changes as a result of the thresholding effect. Here, we examined the potential of using remotely sensed tree canopy cover (TCC) datasets, which are continuous data products, to complement F/NF maps for forest cover monitoring. We developed a conceptual analytical framework for forest cover monitoring using both types of data products and applied it to the forests of Southeast Asia. We conclude that TCC datasets and the statistics derived from them can be used to complement the information provided by categorical F/NF maps. TCC-based indicators (i.e. losses, gains, and net changes) can help in monitoring not only deforestation but also forest degradation and forest cover enhancement, all of which are highly relevant to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and other global forest cover monitoring-related initiatives. We recommend that future research should focus on the production, application, and evaluation of TCC datasets to advance the current understanding of how accurately these products can capture changes in forest landscapes across space and time.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Environmental Resear...arrow_drop_down
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    Environmental Research Letters
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Environmental Research Letters
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    License: CC BY
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    Environmental Research Letters
    Article . 2021
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/bf...
    Other literature type . 2021
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      Environmental Research Letters
      Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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      Article . 2021
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7 Research products
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Takahiro Oda; Jun’ya Takakura; Longlong Tang; Toshichika Iizumi; +19 Authors

    Abstract What will be the aggregated cost of climate change in achieving the Paris Agreement, including mitigation, adaptation, and residual impacts? Several studies estimated the aggregated cost but did not always consider the critical issues. Some do not address non-market values such as biodiversity and human health, and most do not address differentiating discount rates. In this study, we estimate the aggregated cost of climate change using an integrated assessment model linked with detailed-process-based climate impact models and different discount rates for market and non-market values. The analysis reveals that a climate policy with minimal aggregated cost is sensitive to socioeconomic scenarios and the way discount rates are applied. The results elucidate that a lower discount rate to non-market value—that is, a higher estimate of future value—makes the aggregated cost of achieving the Paris Agreement economically reasonable.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ IIASA DAREarrow_drop_down
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Environmental Research Letters
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Environmental Research Letters
    Article . 2023
    Data sources: DOAJ
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ IIASA DAREarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Environmental Research Letters
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Environmental Research Letters
      Article . 2023
      Data sources: DOAJ
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Takahiro Oda; Jun’ya Takakura; Longlong Tang; Toshichika Iizumi; +19 Authors

    Abstract What will be the aggregated cost of climate change in achieving the Paris Agreement, including mitigation, adaptation, and residual impacts? Several studies estimated the aggregated cost but did not always consider the critical issues. Some do not address non-market values such as biodiversity and human health, and most do not address differentiating discount rates. In this study, we estimate the aggregated cost of climate change using an integrated assessment model linked with detailed-process-based climate impact models and different discount rates for market and non-market values. The analysis reveals that a climate policy with minimal aggregated cost is sensitive to socioeconomic scenarios and the way discount rates are applied. The results elucidate that a lower discount rate to non-market value—that is, a higher estimate of future value—makes the aggregated cost of achieving the Paris Agreement economically reasonable.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ IIASA DAREarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Environmental Research Letters
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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      Environmental Research Letters
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    Authors: Vera Ling Hui Phung; Kazutaka Oka; Yasushi Honda; Yasuaki Hijioka; +5 Authors

    Le changement climatique et ses effets ultérieurs sur la température ont soulevé des préoccupations en matière de santé publique mondiale. Bien que de nombreuses études épidémiologiques aient montré les effets néfastes de la température sur la santé, l'association reste incertaine pour les enfants de moins de cinq ans et ceux des régions climatiques tropicales. Nous avons mené une étude de cas croisée stratifiée dans le temps en deux étapes pour examiner l'association entre la température et la mortalité des moins de cinq ans, couvrant la période de 2014 à 2018 dans les six régions de Malaisie. Dans la première étape, nous avons estimé les associations température-mortalité spécifiques à la région en utilisant une régression de Poisson conditionnelle et des modèles non linéaires de décalage distribués. Nous avons utilisé un modèle de méta-régression multivarié pour regrouper les estimations spécifiques à la région et examiner le rôle potentiel des caractéristiques locales dans l'association, qui comprend des informations géographiques, des données démographiques, le statut socio-économique, des mesures de température à long terme et l'accès aux soins de santé par région. La température en Malaisie variait de 22 °C à 31 °C, avec une moyenne de 27,6 °C. Aucune saisonnalité claire n'a été observée dans la mortalité des moins de cinq ans. Nous n'avons trouvé aucune preuve solide de l'association entre la température et la mortalité des moins de cinq ans, avec une courbe exposition-réponse en forme de « M ». La température minimale de mortalité (MMT) a été identifiée à 27,1 °C. Parmi plusieurs caractéristiques locales, seuls le niveau d'éducation et les taux de lits d'hôpital ont réduit l'hétérogénéité résiduelle dans l'association. Cependant, la modification de l'effet par ces variables n'était pas significative. Cette étude suggère une association nulle entre la température et la mortalité des moins de cinq ans en Malaisie, qui a un climat tropical. Le motif en forme de « M- » suggère que les moins de cinq ans peuvent être vulnérables aux changements de température, même avec un petit changement de température par rapport au MMT. Cependant, les faibles risques avec une grande incertitude aux températures extrêmes sont restés peu concluants. Les rôles potentiels du niveau d'éducation et du taux de lits d'hôpital étaient statistiquement non concluants. El cambio climático y sus efectos posteriores sobre la temperatura han planteado problemas de salud pública a nivel mundial. Aunque numerosos estudios epidemiológicos han demostrado los efectos adversos de la temperatura para la salud, la asociación sigue sin estar clara para los niños menores de cinco años y los de las regiones de clima tropical. Realizamos un estudio cruzado de casos estratificado en dos etapas para examinar la asociación entre la temperatura y la mortalidad de menores de cinco años, que abarca el período de 2014 a 2018 en las seis regiones de Malasia. En la primera etapa, estimamos las asociaciones de temperatura-mortalidad específicas de la región utilizando una regresión condicional de Poisson y modelos no lineales de retardo distribuido. Utilizamos un modelo de metarregresión multivariante para agrupar las estimaciones específicas de la región y examinar el papel potencial de las características locales en la asociación, que incluye información geográfica, demografía, estado socioeconómico, métricas de temperatura a largo plazo y acceso a la atención médica por región. La temperatura en Malasia osciló entre 22 °C y 31 °C, con una media de 27,6 °C. No se observó una estacionalidad clara en la mortalidad de menores de cinco años. No encontramos pruebas sólidas de la asociación entre la temperatura y la mortalidad de menores de cinco años, con una curva de exposición-respuesta en forma de "M". La temperatura mínima de mortalidad (TMM) se identificó en 27,1 °C. Entre varias características locales, solo el nivel educativo y las tasas de camas hospitalarias redujeron la heterogeneidad residual en la asociación. Sin embargo, la modificación del efecto por estas variables no fue significativa. Este estudio sugiere una asociación nula entre la temperatura y la mortalidad de menores de cinco años en Malasia, que tiene un clima tropical. El patrón en forma de "M" sugiere que los menores de cinco años pueden ser vulnerables a los cambios de temperatura, incluso con un pequeño cambio de temperatura en referencia a la TMM. Sin embargo, los riesgos débiles con una gran incertidumbre a temperaturas extremas no fueron concluyentes. Los posibles roles del nivel educativo y la tasa de camas hospitalarias no fueron estadísticamente concluyentes. Climate change and its subsequent effects on temperature have raised global public health concerns. Although numerous epidemiological studies have shown the adverse health effects of temperature, the association remains unclear for children aged below five years old and those in tropical climate regions.We conducted a two-stage time-stratified case-crossover study to examine the association between temperature and under-five mortality, spanning the period from 2014 to 2018 across all six regions in Malaysia. In the first stage, we estimated region-specific temperature-mortality associations using a conditional Poisson regression and distributed lag nonlinear models. We used a multivariate meta-regression model to pool the region-specific estimates and examine the potential role of local characteristics in the association, which includes geographical information, demographics, socioeconomic status, long-term temperature metrics, and healthcare access by region.Temperature in Malaysia ranged from 22 °C to 31 °C, with a mean of 27.6 °C. No clear seasonality was observed in under-five mortality. We found no strong evidence of the association between temperature and under-five mortality, with an "M-" shaped exposure-response curve. The minimum mortality temperature (MMT) was identified at 27.1 °C. Among several local characteristics, only education level and hospital bed rates reduced the residual heterogeneity in the association. However, effect modification by these variables were not significant.This study suggests a null association between temperature and under-five mortality in Malaysia, which has a tropical climate. The "M-" shaped pattern suggests that under-fives may be vulnerable to temperature changes, even with a small temperature change in reference to the MMT. However, the weak risks with a large uncertainty at extreme temperatures remained inconclusive. Potential roles of education level and hospital bed rate were statistically inconclusive. أثار تغير المناخ وآثاره اللاحقة على درجة الحرارة مخاوف بشأن الصحة العامة العالمية. على الرغم من أن العديد من الدراسات الوبائية أظهرت الآثار الصحية الضارة لدرجة الحرارة، إلا أن الارتباط لا يزال غير واضح بالنسبة للأطفال الذين تقل أعمارهم عن خمس سنوات وأولئك الموجودين في المناطق المناخية الاستوائية. أجرينا دراسة حالة متقاطعة على مرحلتين لفحص العلاقة بين درجة الحرارة ووفيات الأطفال دون سن الخامسة، والتي تمتد من عام 2014 إلى عام 2018 في جميع المناطق الست في ماليزيا. في المرحلة الأولى، قمنا بتقدير ارتباطات درجة الحرارة والوفيات الخاصة بالمنطقة باستخدام انحدار بواسون المشروط وتوزيع نماذج التأخر غير الخطية. استخدمنا نموذج الانحدار التلوي متعدد المتغيرات لتجميع التقديرات الخاصة بالمنطقة ودراسة الدور المحتمل للخصائص المحلية في الجمعية، والتي تشمل المعلومات الجغرافية، والتركيبة السكانية، والحالة الاجتماعية والاقتصادية، ومقاييس درجة الحرارة على المدى الطويل، والوصول إلى الرعاية الصحية حسب المنطقة. تراوحت درجة الحرارة في ماليزيا من 22 درجة مئوية إلى 31 درجة مئوية، بمتوسط 27.6 درجة مئوية. لم يلاحظ أي موسمية واضحة في وفيات الأطفال دون سن الخامسة. لم نجد أي دليل قوي على الارتباط بين درجة الحرارة ووفيات الأطفال دون سن الخامسة، مع منحنى استجابة للتعرض على شكل "M". تم تحديد درجة الحرارة الدنيا للوفيات (MMT) عند 27.1 درجة مئوية. من بين العديد من الخصائص المحلية، أدى مستوى التعليم ومعدلات الأسرة في المستشفى فقط إلى تقليل عدم التجانس المتبقي في الجمعية. ومع ذلك، لم يكن تعديل التأثير من خلال هذه المتغيرات مهمًا. تشير هذه الدراسة إلى وجود ارتباط فارغ بين درجة الحرارة ووفيات الأطفال دون سن الخامسة في ماليزيا، التي تتمتع بمناخ استوائي. يشير النمط على شكل "M -" إلى أن الأطفال دون سن الخامسة قد يكونون عرضة لتغيرات درجة الحرارة، حتى مع تغير طفيف في درجة الحرارة في إشارة إلى MMT. ومع ذلك، ظلت المخاطر الضعيفة مع عدم اليقين الكبير في درجات الحرارة القصوى غير حاسمة. كانت الأدوار المحتملة لمستوى التعليم ومعدل سرير المستشفى غير حاسمة إحصائيًا.

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    Authors: Vera Ling Hui Phung; Kazutaka Oka; Yasushi Honda; Yasuaki Hijioka; +5 Authors

    Le changement climatique et ses effets ultérieurs sur la température ont soulevé des préoccupations en matière de santé publique mondiale. Bien que de nombreuses études épidémiologiques aient montré les effets néfastes de la température sur la santé, l'association reste incertaine pour les enfants de moins de cinq ans et ceux des régions climatiques tropicales. Nous avons mené une étude de cas croisée stratifiée dans le temps en deux étapes pour examiner l'association entre la température et la mortalité des moins de cinq ans, couvrant la période de 2014 à 2018 dans les six régions de Malaisie. Dans la première étape, nous avons estimé les associations température-mortalité spécifiques à la région en utilisant une régression de Poisson conditionnelle et des modèles non linéaires de décalage distribués. Nous avons utilisé un modèle de méta-régression multivarié pour regrouper les estimations spécifiques à la région et examiner le rôle potentiel des caractéristiques locales dans l'association, qui comprend des informations géographiques, des données démographiques, le statut socio-économique, des mesures de température à long terme et l'accès aux soins de santé par région. La température en Malaisie variait de 22 °C à 31 °C, avec une moyenne de 27,6 °C. Aucune saisonnalité claire n'a été observée dans la mortalité des moins de cinq ans. Nous n'avons trouvé aucune preuve solide de l'association entre la température et la mortalité des moins de cinq ans, avec une courbe exposition-réponse en forme de « M ». La température minimale de mortalité (MMT) a été identifiée à 27,1 °C. Parmi plusieurs caractéristiques locales, seuls le niveau d'éducation et les taux de lits d'hôpital ont réduit l'hétérogénéité résiduelle dans l'association. Cependant, la modification de l'effet par ces variables n'était pas significative. Cette étude suggère une association nulle entre la température et la mortalité des moins de cinq ans en Malaisie, qui a un climat tropical. Le motif en forme de « M- » suggère que les moins de cinq ans peuvent être vulnérables aux changements de température, même avec un petit changement de température par rapport au MMT. Cependant, les faibles risques avec une grande incertitude aux températures extrêmes sont restés peu concluants. Les rôles potentiels du niveau d'éducation et du taux de lits d'hôpital étaient statistiquement non concluants. El cambio climático y sus efectos posteriores sobre la temperatura han planteado problemas de salud pública a nivel mundial. Aunque numerosos estudios epidemiológicos han demostrado los efectos adversos de la temperatura para la salud, la asociación sigue sin estar clara para los niños menores de cinco años y los de las regiones de clima tropical. Realizamos un estudio cruzado de casos estratificado en dos etapas para examinar la asociación entre la temperatura y la mortalidad de menores de cinco años, que abarca el período de 2014 a 2018 en las seis regiones de Malasia. En la primera etapa, estimamos las asociaciones de temperatura-mortalidad específicas de la región utilizando una regresión condicional de Poisson y modelos no lineales de retardo distribuido. Utilizamos un modelo de metarregresión multivariante para agrupar las estimaciones específicas de la región y examinar el papel potencial de las características locales en la asociación, que incluye información geográfica, demografía, estado socioeconómico, métricas de temperatura a largo plazo y acceso a la atención médica por región. La temperatura en Malasia osciló entre 22 °C y 31 °C, con una media de 27,6 °C. No se observó una estacionalidad clara en la mortalidad de menores de cinco años. No encontramos pruebas sólidas de la asociación entre la temperatura y la mortalidad de menores de cinco años, con una curva de exposición-respuesta en forma de "M". La temperatura mínima de mortalidad (TMM) se identificó en 27,1 °C. Entre varias características locales, solo el nivel educativo y las tasas de camas hospitalarias redujeron la heterogeneidad residual en la asociación. Sin embargo, la modificación del efecto por estas variables no fue significativa. Este estudio sugiere una asociación nula entre la temperatura y la mortalidad de menores de cinco años en Malasia, que tiene un clima tropical. El patrón en forma de "M" sugiere que los menores de cinco años pueden ser vulnerables a los cambios de temperatura, incluso con un pequeño cambio de temperatura en referencia a la TMM. Sin embargo, los riesgos débiles con una gran incertidumbre a temperaturas extremas no fueron concluyentes. Los posibles roles del nivel educativo y la tasa de camas hospitalarias no fueron estadísticamente concluyentes. Climate change and its subsequent effects on temperature have raised global public health concerns. Although numerous epidemiological studies have shown the adverse health effects of temperature, the association remains unclear for children aged below five years old and those in tropical climate regions.We conducted a two-stage time-stratified case-crossover study to examine the association between temperature and under-five mortality, spanning the period from 2014 to 2018 across all six regions in Malaysia. In the first stage, we estimated region-specific temperature-mortality associations using a conditional Poisson regression and distributed lag nonlinear models. We used a multivariate meta-regression model to pool the region-specific estimates and examine the potential role of local characteristics in the association, which includes geographical information, demographics, socioeconomic status, long-term temperature metrics, and healthcare access by region.Temperature in Malaysia ranged from 22 °C to 31 °C, with a mean of 27.6 °C. No clear seasonality was observed in under-five mortality. We found no strong evidence of the association between temperature and under-five mortality, with an "M-" shaped exposure-response curve. The minimum mortality temperature (MMT) was identified at 27.1 °C. Among several local characteristics, only education level and hospital bed rates reduced the residual heterogeneity in the association. However, effect modification by these variables were not significant.This study suggests a null association between temperature and under-five mortality in Malaysia, which has a tropical climate. The "M-" shaped pattern suggests that under-fives may be vulnerable to temperature changes, even with a small temperature change in reference to the MMT. However, the weak risks with a large uncertainty at extreme temperatures remained inconclusive. Potential roles of education level and hospital bed rate were statistically inconclusive. أثار تغير المناخ وآثاره اللاحقة على درجة الحرارة مخاوف بشأن الصحة العامة العالمية. على الرغم من أن العديد من الدراسات الوبائية أظهرت الآثار الصحية الضارة لدرجة الحرارة، إلا أن الارتباط لا يزال غير واضح بالنسبة للأطفال الذين تقل أعمارهم عن خمس سنوات وأولئك الموجودين في المناطق المناخية الاستوائية. أجرينا دراسة حالة متقاطعة على مرحلتين لفحص العلاقة بين درجة الحرارة ووفيات الأطفال دون سن الخامسة، والتي تمتد من عام 2014 إلى عام 2018 في جميع المناطق الست في ماليزيا. في المرحلة الأولى، قمنا بتقدير ارتباطات درجة الحرارة والوفيات الخاصة بالمنطقة باستخدام انحدار بواسون المشروط وتوزيع نماذج التأخر غير الخطية. استخدمنا نموذج الانحدار التلوي متعدد المتغيرات لتجميع التقديرات الخاصة بالمنطقة ودراسة الدور المحتمل للخصائص المحلية في الجمعية، والتي تشمل المعلومات الجغرافية، والتركيبة السكانية، والحالة الاجتماعية والاقتصادية، ومقاييس درجة الحرارة على المدى الطويل، والوصول إلى الرعاية الصحية حسب المنطقة. تراوحت درجة الحرارة في ماليزيا من 22 درجة مئوية إلى 31 درجة مئوية، بمتوسط 27.6 درجة مئوية. لم يلاحظ أي موسمية واضحة في وفيات الأطفال دون سن الخامسة. لم نجد أي دليل قوي على الارتباط بين درجة الحرارة ووفيات الأطفال دون سن الخامسة، مع منحنى استجابة للتعرض على شكل "M". تم تحديد درجة الحرارة الدنيا للوفيات (MMT) عند 27.1 درجة مئوية. من بين العديد من الخصائص المحلية، أدى مستوى التعليم ومعدلات الأسرة في المستشفى فقط إلى تقليل عدم التجانس المتبقي في الجمعية. ومع ذلك، لم يكن تعديل التأثير من خلال هذه المتغيرات مهمًا. تشير هذه الدراسة إلى وجود ارتباط فارغ بين درجة الحرارة ووفيات الأطفال دون سن الخامسة في ماليزيا، التي تتمتع بمناخ استوائي. يشير النمط على شكل "M -" إلى أن الأطفال دون سن الخامسة قد يكونون عرضة لتغيرات درجة الحرارة، حتى مع تغير طفيف في درجة الحرارة في إشارة إلى MMT. ومع ذلك، ظلت المخاطر الضعيفة مع عدم اليقين الكبير في درجات الحرارة القصوى غير حاسمة. كانت الأدوار المحتملة لمستوى التعليم ومعدل سرير المستشفى غير حاسمة إحصائيًا.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Environmental Resear...arrow_drop_down
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    Environmental Research
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    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/mq...
    Other literature type . 2023
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/fc...
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      Environmental Research
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Crossref
      https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/mq...
      Other literature type . 2023
      Data sources: Datacite
      https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/fc...
      Other literature type . 2023
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    Authors: Brown, Sally; Hoegh-Guldberg, O.; Jacob, D.; Taylor, M.; +18 Authors

    The need to stabilize global climate Climate change will be the greatest threat to humanity and global ecosystems in the coming years, and there is a pressing need to understand and communicate the impacts of warming, across the perspectives of the natural and social sciences. Hoegh-Guldberg et al. review the climate change–impact literature, expanding on the recent report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. They provide evidence of the impacts of warming at 1°, 1.5°, and 2°C—and higher—for the physical system, ecosystems, agriculture, and human livelihoods. The benefits of limiting climate change to no more than 1.5°C above preindustrial levels would outweigh the costs. Science , this issue p. eaaw6974

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ COREarrow_drop_down
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    CONICET Digital
    Article . 2019
    License: CC BY NC SA
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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    Article . 2019
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    HAL INRAE
    Article . 2019
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    Science
    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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    Science
    Article . 2020
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    Authors: Brown, Sally; Hoegh-Guldberg, O.; Jacob, D.; Taylor, M.; +18 Authors

    The need to stabilize global climate Climate change will be the greatest threat to humanity and global ecosystems in the coming years, and there is a pressing need to understand and communicate the impacts of warming, across the perspectives of the natural and social sciences. Hoegh-Guldberg et al. review the climate change–impact literature, expanding on the recent report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. They provide evidence of the impacts of warming at 1°, 1.5°, and 2°C—and higher—for the physical system, ecosystems, agriculture, and human livelihoods. The benefits of limiting climate change to no more than 1.5°C above preindustrial levels would outweigh the costs. Science , this issue p. eaaw6974

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ COREarrow_drop_down
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    CONICET Digital
    Article . 2019
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    Article . 2019
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    Article . 2019
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    HAL INRAE
    Article . 2019
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    Science
    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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    Science
    Article . 2020
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    Authors: Takeshi Watanabe; Kazutaka Oka; Yasuaki Hijioka;

    Abstract Information on the variation in photovoltaic (PV) power generation is essential for resource assessment. This work investigated the interannual variability of the nationwide electric power supply from PV systems in Japan. Objectives of this study were twofold: one was the quantification of the annual variability of the nationwide PV power supply. The other was identifying the causes of the variability. However, the time span of available observation data on the PV power supply is inadequate to evaluate its variability, as PV systems have been rapidly installed in recent years. We used simulation to bypass this limitation. Due to the lack of available information for modeling, a hybrid modeling approach, combining a parametric model, and estimating parameters by fitting the model to observations, was employed. Nationwide PV power supply simulations were performed using historical weather data for 30 years, from 1991–2020. The long-term simulation data enabled us to quantify the interannual variability of the nationwide PV power generation. The annual variability measured with the range from the minimum to the maximum was approximately 9% of the mean. The variability for each month was less than 30% of the monthly mean for every month except for July when it was approximately 40%. An increasing trend in the annual mean PV power supply was observed over the 30 years, with an increase of 0.16% per year of the mean over the whole period. We found that the variations in sea surface temperature (SST) in the Tropics are factors contributing to the variability of nationwide PV power supply. Specifically, the variation in SST in the tropical Indian Ocean is one of the possible driving factors of the annual variability. The framework proposed in this study can provide valuable information for assessing solar energy resources on an interannual scale.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Environmental Resear...arrow_drop_down
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    Environmental Research Communications
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
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      Environmental Research Communications
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
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    Authors: Takeshi Watanabe; Kazutaka Oka; Yasuaki Hijioka;

    Abstract Information on the variation in photovoltaic (PV) power generation is essential for resource assessment. This work investigated the interannual variability of the nationwide electric power supply from PV systems in Japan. Objectives of this study were twofold: one was the quantification of the annual variability of the nationwide PV power supply. The other was identifying the causes of the variability. However, the time span of available observation data on the PV power supply is inadequate to evaluate its variability, as PV systems have been rapidly installed in recent years. We used simulation to bypass this limitation. Due to the lack of available information for modeling, a hybrid modeling approach, combining a parametric model, and estimating parameters by fitting the model to observations, was employed. Nationwide PV power supply simulations were performed using historical weather data for 30 years, from 1991–2020. The long-term simulation data enabled us to quantify the interannual variability of the nationwide PV power generation. The annual variability measured with the range from the minimum to the maximum was approximately 9% of the mean. The variability for each month was less than 30% of the monthly mean for every month except for July when it was approximately 40%. An increasing trend in the annual mean PV power supply was observed over the 30 years, with an increase of 0.16% per year of the mean over the whole period. We found that the variations in sea surface temperature (SST) in the Tropics are factors contributing to the variability of nationwide PV power supply. Specifically, the variation in SST in the tropical Indian Ocean is one of the possible driving factors of the annual variability. The framework proposed in this study can provide valuable information for assessing solar energy resources on an interannual scale.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Environmental Resear...arrow_drop_down
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    Environmental Research Communications
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
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      Environmental Research Communications
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Atsushi Wakai; Yasuaki Hijioka; Masayuki Yokozawa; Manabu Watanabe; +1 Authors

    The future increase of large-scale weather disasters resulting from the increased frequency of extreme weather events caused by climate change is a matter of concern. Predicting future flood damage through statistical analysis requires accurate modeling of the relationship between historical precipitation and flood damage. An analysis that considers precipitation as a time series may be appropriate for this purpose. Functional data analysis was applied to model the relationship between historical daily precipitation and daily flood damage for river basins in the Kanto and Koshin regions of Japan. Flood damage statistics from the national government and 1-km grid past precipitation data from the National Agriculture and Food Research Organization were used. The models obtained through the functional data analysis were more accurate than those derived from the simple linear regression without considering the time series of precipitation. The new models were also about four times more accurate in estimating the annual sum of flood damage, compared to the flood damage of each flood event. The accuracy of prediction was higher in recent years than in earlier years of the study period (1993–2020). The results showed that the influence of precipitation on flood damage was more apparent in recent years. This findings may imply that the progress of the river development project and the resulting improvement of the structures along the river have indirectly affected levels of flood damage associated with levels of precipitation.

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    Authors: Atsushi Wakai; Yasuaki Hijioka; Masayuki Yokozawa; Manabu Watanabe; +1 Authors

    The future increase of large-scale weather disasters resulting from the increased frequency of extreme weather events caused by climate change is a matter of concern. Predicting future flood damage through statistical analysis requires accurate modeling of the relationship between historical precipitation and flood damage. An analysis that considers precipitation as a time series may be appropriate for this purpose. Functional data analysis was applied to model the relationship between historical daily precipitation and daily flood damage for river basins in the Kanto and Koshin regions of Japan. Flood damage statistics from the national government and 1-km grid past precipitation data from the National Agriculture and Food Research Organization were used. The models obtained through the functional data analysis were more accurate than those derived from the simple linear regression without considering the time series of precipitation. The new models were also about four times more accurate in estimating the annual sum of flood damage, compared to the flood damage of each flood event. The accuracy of prediction was higher in recent years than in earlier years of the study period (1993–2020). The results showed that the influence of precipitation on flood damage was more apparent in recent years. This findings may imply that the progress of the river development project and the resulting improvement of the structures along the river have indirectly affected levels of flood damage associated with levels of precipitation.

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    Authors: Takahiro Oyama; Jun’ya Takakura; Yuri Hosokawa; Yasushi Honda; +3 Authors

    Abstract Millions of students in Japan participate in school sports club activities, where thousands of heat illness cases occur every year. With future climate change, there is concern about the increased health risks posed to students in sports club activities by the worsening heat environment. However, few studies have quantitatively assessed the heat illness risks associated with school sports activities and the effectiveness of countermeasures under future climate change scenarios. Here, we evaluated the impact of heat and effectiveness of countermeasures based on hourly wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT) projections under multiple climate scenarios. For the 2060s to 2080s, even under a stringent greenhouse gas (GHG) emission control scenario (SSP1-1.9), strenuous exercise will be restricted for one to four months in five out of eight WBGT zones defined for Japan and for one to six months in six zones under the scenario with little control of GHG emissions (SSP5-8.5). In all four scenarios, unlike in the past, all physical activity should be stopped at least once a week in one or more zones. While common countermeasures like early morning exercise and reducing outdoor activity frequency effectively reduce heat illness risks, under the most pessimistic scenario (SSP5-8.5), strenuous exercise would still need to be restricted for one to four months in warmer zones, even with these measures. Common heat illness countermeasures remain necessary for sports club activities at present. However, further measures—such as replacing outdoor activities with indoor sessions—and behavioral changes—such as moving tournaments concentrated during summer vacation to cooler times of the year—will be inevitable as global warming progresses.

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    Environmental Research Health
    Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
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    https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3....
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    Environmental Research Health
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      https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3....
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    Authors: Takahiro Oyama; Jun’ya Takakura; Yuri Hosokawa; Yasushi Honda; +3 Authors

    Abstract Millions of students in Japan participate in school sports club activities, where thousands of heat illness cases occur every year. With future climate change, there is concern about the increased health risks posed to students in sports club activities by the worsening heat environment. However, few studies have quantitatively assessed the heat illness risks associated with school sports activities and the effectiveness of countermeasures under future climate change scenarios. Here, we evaluated the impact of heat and effectiveness of countermeasures based on hourly wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT) projections under multiple climate scenarios. For the 2060s to 2080s, even under a stringent greenhouse gas (GHG) emission control scenario (SSP1-1.9), strenuous exercise will be restricted for one to four months in five out of eight WBGT zones defined for Japan and for one to six months in six zones under the scenario with little control of GHG emissions (SSP5-8.5). In all four scenarios, unlike in the past, all physical activity should be stopped at least once a week in one or more zones. While common countermeasures like early morning exercise and reducing outdoor activity frequency effectively reduce heat illness risks, under the most pessimistic scenario (SSP5-8.5), strenuous exercise would still need to be restricted for one to four months in warmer zones, even with these measures. Common heat illness countermeasures remain necessary for sports club activities at present. However, further measures—such as replacing outdoor activities with indoor sessions—and behavioral changes—such as moving tournaments concentrated during summer vacation to cooler times of the year—will be inevitable as global warming progresses.

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    Environmental Research Health
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    https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3....
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    Environmental Research Health
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      Environmental Research Health
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      https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3....
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    Authors: Ronald C. Estoque; Brian Alan Johnson; Yan Gao; Rajarshi Dasgupta; +7 Authors

    Abstract With the intensifying challenges of global environmental change, sustainability, and biodiversity conservation, the monitoring of the world’s remaining forests has become more important than ever. Today, Earth observation technologies, particularly remote sensing, are at the forefront of forest cover monitoring worldwide. Given the current conceptual understanding of what a forest is, canopy cover threshold values are used to map forest cover from remote sensing imagery and produce categorical data products such as forest/non-forest (F/NF) maps. However, multi-temporal categorical map products have important limitations because they inadequately represent the actual status of forest landscapes and the trajectories of forest cover changes as a result of the thresholding effect. Here, we examined the potential of using remotely sensed tree canopy cover (TCC) datasets, which are continuous data products, to complement F/NF maps for forest cover monitoring. We developed a conceptual analytical framework for forest cover monitoring using both types of data products and applied it to the forests of Southeast Asia. We conclude that TCC datasets and the statistics derived from them can be used to complement the information provided by categorical F/NF maps. TCC-based indicators (i.e. losses, gains, and net changes) can help in monitoring not only deforestation but also forest degradation and forest cover enhancement, all of which are highly relevant to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and other global forest cover monitoring-related initiatives. We recommend that future research should focus on the production, application, and evaluation of TCC datasets to advance the current understanding of how accurately these products can capture changes in forest landscapes across space and time.

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    Environmental Research Letters
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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    Environmental Research Letters
    Article
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    Data sources: UnpayWall
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    Environmental Research Letters
    Article . 2021
    Data sources: DOAJ
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/bf...
    Other literature type . 2021
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/zx...
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Environmental Resear...arrow_drop_down
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      Environmental Research Letters
      Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
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      Environmental Research Letters
      Article
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      Environmental Research Letters
      Article . 2021
      Data sources: DOAJ
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/bf...
      Other literature type . 2021
      Data sources: Datacite
      https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/zx...
      Other literature type . 2021
      Data sources: Datacite
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Ronald C. Estoque; Brian Alan Johnson; Yan Gao; Rajarshi Dasgupta; +7 Authors

    Abstract With the intensifying challenges of global environmental change, sustainability, and biodiversity conservation, the monitoring of the world’s remaining forests has become more important than ever. Today, Earth observation technologies, particularly remote sensing, are at the forefront of forest cover monitoring worldwide. Given the current conceptual understanding of what a forest is, canopy cover threshold values are used to map forest cover from remote sensing imagery and produce categorical data products such as forest/non-forest (F/NF) maps. However, multi-temporal categorical map products have important limitations because they inadequately represent the actual status of forest landscapes and the trajectories of forest cover changes as a result of the thresholding effect. Here, we examined the potential of using remotely sensed tree canopy cover (TCC) datasets, which are continuous data products, to complement F/NF maps for forest cover monitoring. We developed a conceptual analytical framework for forest cover monitoring using both types of data products and applied it to the forests of Southeast Asia. We conclude that TCC datasets and the statistics derived from them can be used to complement the information provided by categorical F/NF maps. TCC-based indicators (i.e. losses, gains, and net changes) can help in monitoring not only deforestation but also forest degradation and forest cover enhancement, all of which are highly relevant to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and other global forest cover monitoring-related initiatives. We recommend that future research should focus on the production, application, and evaluation of TCC datasets to advance the current understanding of how accurately these products can capture changes in forest landscapes across space and time.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Environmental Resear...arrow_drop_down
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    Environmental Research Letters
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Environmental Research Letters
    Article
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: UnpayWall
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Environmental Research Letters
    Article . 2021
    Data sources: DOAJ
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/bf...
    Other literature type . 2021
    Data sources: Datacite
    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/zx...
    Other literature type . 2021
    Data sources: Datacite
    addClaim

    This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

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    citations23
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Environmental Resear...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Environmental Research Letters
      Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Environmental Research Letters
      Article
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: UnpayWall
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Environmental Research Letters
      Article . 2021
      Data sources: DOAJ
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/bf...
      Other literature type . 2021
      Data sources: Datacite
      https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/zx...
      Other literature type . 2021
      Data sources: Datacite
      addClaim

      This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

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