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  • Energy Research

  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: orcid Denise Taffarello;
    Denise Taffarello
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Denise Taffarello in OpenAIRE
    orcid Maria do Carmo Calijuri;
    Maria do Carmo Calijuri
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Maria do Carmo Calijuri in OpenAIRE
    orcid Ricardo A. Gorne Viani;
    Ricardo A. Gorne Viani
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Ricardo A. Gorne Viani in OpenAIRE
    José A. Marengo; +1 Authors

    Ecosystem-based Adaptation (EbA) involves using services on which human well-being depends to help people adapt to the impacts of climate change. Aiming at strengthening ecosystem resilience and reducing ecosystem and people’s vulnerability, EbA has been encouraged worldwide as an option for climate change. Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) are incentives offered to farmers and landowners to provide an ecological service and are currently proposed as a method for EbA and water resources sustainability on a global scale. However, organized information on PES in Brazil is limited. This paper provides a concise review of PES initiatives in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, where various PES projects on watershed protection (Water-PES) have been set up. We found 16 ongoing Water-PES in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. The first initiative was launched in 2005 and since then these projects have grown rapidly. In spite of the advances made in many of these initiatives, they seldom have baseline hydrologic data and an implemented strategy for ecohydrological monitoring. Thus, we discuss how PES projects could be more effective by implementing hydrological monitoring based on ecohydrological concepts. Special attention has been given to explaining how the recent Impact-Vulnerability-Adaptation idea could be integrated into Water-PES. As can be seen from the review, these projects contribute as EbA options for climate change, thereby carrying practical implications for environmental policy makers.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Climate Servicesarrow_drop_down
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    Climate Services
    Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY NC ND
    Data sources: Crossref
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    Climate Services
    Article
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    Climate Services
    Article . 2017
    Data sources: DOAJ
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Climate Services
      Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY NC ND
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Climate Services
      Article
      License: CC BY NC ND
      Data sources: UnpayWall
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      Climate Services
      Article . 2017
      Data sources: DOAJ
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  • Authors: orcid bw Heidi Kreibich;
    Heidi Kreibich
    ORCID
    Derived by OpenAIRE algorithms or harvested from 3rd party repositories

    Heidi Kreibich in OpenAIRE
    orcid bw Kai Schröter;
    Kai Schröter
    ORCID
    Derived by OpenAIRE algorithms or harvested from 3rd party repositories

    Kai Schröter in OpenAIRE
    orcid bw Giuliano Di Baldassarre;
    Giuliano Di Baldassarre
    ORCID
    Derived by OpenAIRE algorithms or harvested from 3rd party repositories

    Giuliano Di Baldassarre in OpenAIRE
    orcid bw Anne F. Van Loon;
    Anne F. Van Loon
    ORCID
    Derived by OpenAIRE algorithms or harvested from 3rd party repositories

    Anne F. Van Loon in OpenAIRE
    +85 Authors

    Résumé. Alors que les impacts négatifs des extrêmes hydrologiques augmentent dans de nombreuses régions du monde, une meilleure compréhension des facteurs de changement des risques et des impacts est essentielle pour une gestion efficace des risques d'inondation et de sécheresse et pour l'adaptation au climat. Cependant, il existe actuellement un manque de données empiriques complètes sur les processus, les interactions et les rétroactions dans les systèmes homme-eau complexes conduisant à des impacts d'inondation et de sécheresse. Nous présentons ici un ensemble de données de référence contenant des données socio-hydrologiques d'événements appariés, c'est-à-dire deux inondations ou deux sécheresses survenues dans la même zone. Les 45 événements appariés se sont produits dans 42 zones d'étude différentes et couvrent un large éventail de conditions socio-économiques et hydro-climatiques. L'ensemble de données est unique en ce qu'il couvre à la fois les inondations et les sécheresses, le nombre de cas évalués et la quantité de données socio-hydrologiques. L'ensemble de données de référence comprend : 1) des rapports de style d'examen détaillés sur les événements et les processus clés entre les deux événements d'une paire ; 2) le tableau de données clés contenant des variables qui évaluent les indicateurs qui caractérisent les lacunes de gestion, le danger, l'exposition, la vulnérabilité et les impacts de tous les événements ; 3) un tableau des indicateurs de changement qui indiquent les différences entre le premier et le deuxième événement d'une paire. Les avantages de l'ensemble de données sont qu'il permet des analyses comparatives entre tous les événements appariés sur la base des indicateurs de changement et permet des évaluations détaillées spécifiques au contexte et à l'emplacement sur la base des données et des rapports détaillés des zones d'étude individuelles. L'ensemble de données peut être utilisé par la communauté scientifique pour des analyses de données exploratoires, par exemple axées sur les liens de causalité entre la gestion des risques, les changements de danger, l'exposition et la vulnérabilité et les impacts des inondations ou de la sécheresse. Les données peuvent également être utilisées pour le développement, l'étalonnage et la validation de modèles socio-hydrologiques. L'ensemble de données est accessible au public via les services de données de GFZ (Kreibich et al. 2023, lien pour examen : https://dataservices.gfz-potsdam.de/panmetaworks/review/923c14519deb04f83815ce108b48dd2581d57b90ce069bec9c948361028b8c85/). Resumen. A medida que aumentan los impactos adversos de los extremos hidrológicos en muchas regiones del mundo, es esencial comprender mejor los impulsores de los cambios en el riesgo y los impactos para una gestión eficaz del riesgo de inundaciones y sequías y la adaptación al clima. Sin embargo, actualmente existe una falta de datos empíricos exhaustivos sobre los procesos, interacciones y retroalimentaciones en sistemas complejos de agua-humanos que conducen a los impactos de inundaciones y sequías. Aquí presentamos un conjunto de datos de referencia que contiene datos sociohidrológicos de eventos emparejados, es decir, dos inundaciones o dos sequías que ocurrieron en la misma área. Los 45 eventos emparejados ocurrieron en 42 áreas de estudio diferentes y cubren una amplia gama de condiciones socioeconómicas e hidroclimáticas. El conjunto de datos es único en cuanto a la cobertura tanto de inundaciones como de sequías, en el número de casos evaluados y en la cantidad de datos sociohidrológicos. El conjunto de datos de referencia comprende: 1) informes detallados de estilo de revisión sobre los eventos y procesos clave entre los dos eventos de un par; 2) la tabla de datos clave que contiene variables que evalúan los indicadores que caracterizan las deficiencias de gestión, el peligro, la exposición, la vulnerabilidad y los impactos de todos los eventos; 3) una tabla de los indicadores de cambio que indican las diferencias entre el primer y el segundo evento de un par. Las ventajas del conjunto de datos son que permite análisis comparativos en todos los eventos emparejados basados en los indicadores de cambio y permite evaluaciones detalladas específicas del contexto y la ubicación basadas en los amplios datos e informes de las áreas de estudio individuales. El conjunto de datos puede ser utilizado por la comunidad científica para análisis de datos exploratorios, por ejemplo, centrados en los vínculos causales entre la gestión de riesgos, los cambios en los peligros, la exposición y la vulnerabilidad y los impactos de inundaciones o sequías. Los datos también se pueden utilizar para el desarrollo, calibración y validación de modelos sociohidrológicos. El conjunto de datos está disponible para el público a través de GFZ Data Services (Kreibich et al. 2023, enlace para revisión: https://dataservices.gfz-potsdam.de/panmetaworks/review/923c14519deb04f83815ce108b48dd2581d57b90ce069bec9c948361028b8c85/). Abstract. As the adverse impacts of hydrological extremes increase in many regions of the world, a better understanding of the drivers of changes in risk and impacts is essential for effective flood and drought risk management and climate adaptation. However, there is currently a lack of comprehensive, empirical data about the processes, interactions and feedbacks in complex human-water systems leading to flood and drought impacts. Here we present a benchmark dataset containing socio-hydrological data of paired events, i.e., two floods or two droughts that occurred in the same area. The 45 paired events occurred in 42 different study areas and cover a wide range of socio-economic and hydro-climatic conditions. The dataset is unique in covering both floods and droughts, in the number of cases assessed, and in the quantity of socio-hydrological data. The benchmark dataset comprises: 1) detailed review style reports about the events and key processes between the two events of a pair; 2) the key data table containing variables that assess the indicators which characterise management shortcomings, hazard, exposure, vulnerability and impacts of all events; 3) a table of the indicators-of-change that indicate the differences between the first and second event of a pair. The advantages of the dataset are that it enables comparative analyses across all the paired events based on the indicators-of-change and allows for detailed context- and location-specific assessments based on the extensive data and reports of the individual study areas. The dataset can be used by the scientific community for exploratory data analyses e.g. focused on causal links between risk management, changes in hazard, exposure and vulnerability and flood or drought impacts. The data can also be used for the development, calibration and validation of socio-hydrological models. The dataset is available to the public through the GFZ Data Services (Kreibich et al. 2023, link for review: https://dataservices.gfz-potsdam.de/panmetaworks/review/923c14519deb04f83815ce108b48dd2581d57b90ce069bec9c948361028b8c85/). الخلاصة: مع زيادة الآثار السلبية للظواهر الهيدرولوجية المتطرفة في العديد من مناطق العالم، يعد الفهم الأفضل لدوافع التغيرات في المخاطر والآثار أمرًا ضروريًا للإدارة الفعالة لمخاطر الفيضانات والجفاف والتكيف مع المناخ. ومع ذلك، هناك حاليًا نقص في البيانات التجريبية الشاملة حول العمليات والتفاعلات والتغذية المرتدة في أنظمة المياه البشرية المعقدة التي تؤدي إلى آثار الفيضانات والجفاف. نقدم هنا مجموعة بيانات مرجعية تحتوي على بيانات اجتماعية هيدرولوجية للأحداث المزدوجة، أي فيضانان أو موجتي جفاف وقعتا في نفس المنطقة. وقعت الأحداث الـ 45 المزدوجة في 42 منطقة دراسة مختلفة وتغطي مجموعة واسعة من الظروف الاجتماعية والاقتصادية والمائية المناخية. مجموعة البيانات فريدة من نوعها في تغطية كل من الفيضانات والجفاف، وفي عدد الحالات التي تم تقييمها، وفي كمية البيانات الاجتماعية الهيدرولوجية. تشتمل مجموعة البيانات المعيارية على: 1) تقارير أسلوب المراجعة التفصيلية حول الأحداث والعمليات الرئيسية بين حدثين للزوج ؛ 2) جدول البيانات الرئيسية الذي يحتوي على المتغيرات التي تقيم المؤشرات التي تميز أوجه القصور في الإدارة والمخاطر والتعرض والضعف وتأثيرات جميع الأحداث ؛ 3) جدول مؤشرات التغيير التي تشير إلى الاختلافات بين الحدث الأول والثاني للزوج. تتمثل مزايا مجموعة البيانات في أنها تمكن من إجراء تحليلات مقارنة عبر جميع الأحداث المقترنة بناءً على مؤشرات التغيير وتسمح بإجراء تقييمات مفصلة للسياق والموقع بناءً على البيانات والتقارير الشاملة لمناطق الدراسة الفردية. يمكن للمجتمع العلمي استخدام مجموعة البيانات لتحليل البيانات الاستكشافية، على سبيل المثال التركيز على الروابط السببية بين إدارة المخاطر والتغيرات في المخاطر والتعرض والضعف وآثار الفيضانات أو الجفاف. يمكن أيضًا استخدام البيانات لتطوير النماذج الاجتماعية الهيدرولوجية ومعايرتها والتحقق من صحتها. مجموعة البيانات متاحة للجمهور من خلال خدمات بيانات GFZ (Kreibich et al. 2023، رابط للمراجعة: https://dataservices.gfz-potsdam.de/panmetaworks/review/923c14519deb04f83815ce108b48dd2581d57b90ce069bec9c948361028b8c85/).

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  • Authors: orcid bw Heidi Kreibich;
    Heidi Kreibich
    ORCID
    Derived by OpenAIRE algorithms or harvested from 3rd party repositories

    Heidi Kreibich in OpenAIRE
    Kai Schröter; orcid bw Giuliano Di Baldassarre;
    Giuliano Di Baldassarre
    ORCID
    Derived by OpenAIRE algorithms or harvested from 3rd party repositories

    Giuliano Di Baldassarre in OpenAIRE
    orcid bw Anne F. Van Loon;
    Anne F. Van Loon
    ORCID
    Derived by OpenAIRE algorithms or harvested from 3rd party repositories

    Anne F. Van Loon in OpenAIRE
    +85 Authors

    Abstract. As the adverse impacts of hydrological extremes increase in many regions of the world, a better understanding of the drivers of changes in risk and impacts is essential for effective flood and drought risk management and climate adaptation. However, there is currently a lack of comprehensive, empirical data about the processes, interactions and feedbacks in complex human-water systems leading to flood and drought impacts. Here we present a benchmark dataset containing socio-hydrological data of paired events, i.e., two floods or two droughts that occurred in the same area. The 45 coupled events occurred in 42 different study areas and cover a wide range of socio-economic and hydro-climatic conditions. The dataset is unique in covering both floods and droughts, in the number of cases assessed, and in the quantity of socio-hydrological data. The benchmark dataset inclues: 1) detailed review style reports about the events and key processes between the two events of a pair; 2) the key data table containing variables that assess the indicators which characterise management shortcomings, hazard, exposure, vulnerability and impacts of all events; 3) a table of the indicators-of-change that indicate the differences between the first and second event of a pair. The advantages of the dataset are that it enables comparative analyses across all the coupled events based on the indicators-of-change and allows for detailed context- and location-specific assessments based on the extensive data and reports of the individual study areas. The dataset can be used by the scientific community for exploratory data analytics e.g. focused on causal links between risk management, changes in hazard, exposure and vulnerability and flood or drought impacts. The data can also be used for the development, calibration and validation of socio-hydrological models. The dataset is available to the public through the GFZ Data Services (Kreibich et al. 2023, link for review: https://dataservices.gfz-potsdam.de/panmetaworks/review/923c14519deb04f83815ce108b48dd2581d57b90ce069bec9c948361028b8c85/). Abstract. As the adverse impacts of hydrological extremes increase in many regions of the world, a better understanding of the drivers of changes in risk and impacts is essential for effective flood and drought risk management and climate adaptation. However, there is currently a lack of comprehensive, empirical data about the processes, interactions and feedbacks in complex human-water systems leading to flood and drought impacts. Here we present a benchmark dataset containing socio-hydrological data of paired events, i.e., two floods or two droughts that occurred in the same area. The 45 paired events occurred in 42 different study areas and cover a wide range of socio-economic and hydro-climatic conditions. The dataset is unique in covering both floods and droughts, in the number of cases assessed, and in the quantity of socio-hydrological data. The benchmark dataset comprises: 1) detailed review style reports about the events and key processes between the two events of a pair; 2) the key data table containing variables that assess the indicators which characterise management shortcomings, hazard, exposure, vulnerability and impacts of all events; 3) a table of the indicators-of-change that indicate the differences between the first and second event of a pair. The advantages of the dataset are that it enables comparative analyses across all the paired events based on the indicators-of-change and allows for detailed context- and location-specific assessments based on the extensive data and reports of the individual study areas. The dataset can be used by the scientific community for exploratory data analyses e.g. focused on causal links between risk management, changes in hazard, exposure and vulnerability and flood or drought impacts. The data can also be used for the development, calibration and validation of socio-hydrological models. The dataset is available to the public through the GFZ Data Services (Kreibich et al. 2023, link for review: https://dataservices.gfz-potsdam.de/panmetaworks/review/923c14519deb04f83815ce108b48dd2581d57b90ce069bec9c948361028b8c85/). Abstract. As the adverse impacts of hydrological extremes increase in many regions of the world, a better understanding of the drivers of changes in risk and impacts is essential for effective flood and drought risk management and climate adaptation. However, there is currently a lack of comprehensive, empirical data about the processes, interactions and feedbacks in complex human-water systems leading to flood and drought impacts. Here we present a benchmark dataset containing socio-hydrological data of paired events, i.e., two floods or two droughts that occurred in the same area. The 45 paired events occurred in 42 different study areas and cover a wide range of socio-economic and hydro-climatic conditions. The dataset is unique in covering both floods and droughts, in the number of cases assessed, and in the quantity of socio-hydrological data. The benchmark dataset includes: 1) detailed review style reports about the events and key processes between the two events of a pair; 2) the key data table containing variables that assess the indicators which characterise management shortcomings, hazard, exposure, vulnerability and impacts of all events; 3) a table of the indicators-of-change that indicates the differences between the first and second events of a pair. The advantages of the dataset are that it enables comparative analyses across all the paird events based on the indicators-of-change and allows for detailed context- and location-specific assessments based on the extensive data and reports of the individual study areas. The dataset can be used by the scientific community for exploratory data analyses e.g. focused on causal links between risk management, changes in hazard, exposure and vulnerability and flood or drought impacts. The data can also be used for the development, calibration and validation of socio-hydrological models. The dataset is available to the public through the GFZ Data Services (Kreibich et al. 2023, link for review: https://dataservices.gfz-potsdam.de/panmetaworks/review/923c14519deb04f83815ce108b48dd2581d57b90ce069bec9c948361028b8c85/). الخلاصة: مع زيادة الآثار السلبية للظواهر الهيدرولوجية المتطرفة في العديد من مناطق العالم، يعد الفهم الأفضل لدوافع التغيرات في المخاطر والآثار أمرًا ضروريًا للإدارة الفعالة لمخاطر الفيضانات والجفاف والتكيف مع المناخ. ومع ذلك، هناك حاليًا نقص في البيانات التجريبية الشاملة حول العمليات والتفاعلات والتغذية المرتدة في أنظمة المياه البشرية المعقدة التي تؤدي إلى آثار الفيضانات والجفاف. نقدم هنا مجموعة بيانات مرجعية تحتوي على بيانات اجتماعية هيدرولوجية للأحداث المزدوجة، أي فيضانان أو موجتي جفاف وقعتا في نفس المنطقة. وقعت الأحداث الـ 45 المزدوجة في 42 منطقة دراسة مختلفة وتغطي مجموعة واسعة من الظروف الاجتماعية والاقتصادية والمائية المناخية. مجموعة البيانات فريدة من نوعها في تغطية كل من الفيضانات والجفاف، وفي عدد الحالات التي تم تقييمها، وفي كمية البيانات الاجتماعية الهيدرولوجية. تتضمن مجموعة البيانات المعيارية ما يلي: 1) تقارير أسلوب المراجعة التفصيلية حول الأحداث والعمليات الرئيسية بين حدثين للزوج؛ 2) جدول البيانات الرئيسية الذي يحتوي على متغيرات تقيم المؤشرات التي تميز أوجه القصور في الإدارة والمخاطر والتعرض والضعف وتأثيرات جميع الأحداث؛ 3) جدول مؤشرات التغيير الذي يشير إلى الاختلافات بين الحدثين الأول والثاني للزوج. تتمثل مزايا مجموعة البيانات في أنها تمكن التحليلات المقارنة عبر جميع الأحداث الثنائية بناءً على مؤشرات التغيير وتسمح بإجراء تقييمات مفصلة للسياق والموقع بناءً على البيانات والتقارير الشاملة لمناطق الدراسة الفردية. يمكن للمجتمع العلمي استخدام مجموعة البيانات لتحليل البيانات الاستكشافية، على سبيل المثال التركيز على الروابط السببية بين إدارة المخاطر والتغيرات في المخاطر والتعرض والضعف وآثار الفيضانات أو الجفاف. يمكن أيضًا استخدام البيانات لتطوير النماذج الاجتماعية الهيدرولوجية ومعايرتها والتحقق من صحتها. مجموعة البيانات متاحة للجمهور من خلال خدمات بيانات GFZ (Kreibich et al. 2023، رابط للمراجعة: https://dataservices.gfz-potsdam.de/panmetaworks/review/923c14519deb04f83815ce108b48dd2581d57b90ce069bec9c948361028b8c85/).

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  • Authors: orcid bw Heidi Kreibich;
    Heidi Kreibich
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    orcid bw Anne F. Van Loon;
    Anne F. Van Loon
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    Anne F. Van Loon in OpenAIRE
    orcid bw Kai Schröter;
    Kai Schröter
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    Kai Schröter in OpenAIRE
    orcid bw Philip J. Ward;
    Philip J. Ward
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    Philip J. Ward in OpenAIRE
    +87 Authors

    La gestion des risques a réduit la vulnérabilité aux inondations et aux sécheresses dans le monde1,2, mais leurs impacts continuent d'augmenter3. Une meilleure compréhension des causes de l'évolution des impacts est donc nécessaire, mais a été entravée par un manque de données empiriques4,5. Sur la base d'un ensemble de données mondiales de 45 paires d'événements qui se sont produits dans la même zone, nous montrons que la gestion des risques réduit généralement les impacts des inondations et des sécheresses, mais fait face à des difficultés pour réduire les impacts d'événements sans précédent d'une ampleur jamais connue auparavant. Si le deuxième événement était beaucoup plus dangereux que le premier, son impact était presque toujours plus élevé. En effet, la gestion n'a pas été conçue pour faire face à de tels événements extrêmes : par exemple, ils ont dépassé les niveaux de conception des digues et des réservoirs. Dans deux cas de réussite, l'impact du deuxième événement, plus dangereux, a été plus faible, en raison de l'amélioration de la gouvernance de la gestion des risques et des investissements élevés dans la gestion intégrée. La difficulté observée à gérer des événements sans précédent est alarmante, étant donné que des événements hydrologiques plus extrêmes sont projetés en raison du changement climatique3. La gestión de riesgos ha reducido la vulnerabilidad a las inundaciones y sequías a nivel mundial1,2, pero sus impactos siguen aumentando3. Por lo tanto, se necesita una mejor comprensión de las causas de los impactos cambiantes, pero se ha visto obstaculizada por la falta de datos empíricos4,5. Sobre la base de un conjunto de datos global de 45 pares de eventos que ocurrieron dentro de la misma área, mostramos que la gestión de riesgos generalmente reduce los impactos de inundaciones y sequías, pero enfrenta dificultades para reducir los impactos de eventos sin precedentes de una magnitud no experimentada anteriormente. Si el segundo evento era mucho más peligroso que el primero, su impacto era casi siempre mayor. Esto se debe a que la gestión no fue diseñada para hacer frente a tales eventos extremos: por ejemplo, superaron los niveles de diseño de diques y embalses. En dos casos de éxito, el impacto del segundo evento, más peligroso, fue menor, como resultado de una mejor gobernanza de la gestión de riesgos y una alta inversión en la gestión integrada. La dificultad observada para gestionar eventos sin precedentes es alarmante, dado que se proyectan eventos hidrológicos más extremos debido al cambio climático3. Risk management has reduced vulnerability to floods and droughts globally1,2, yet their impacts are still increasing3. An improved understanding of the causes of changing impacts is therefore needed, but has been hampered by a lack of empirical data4,5. On the basis of a global dataset of 45 pairs of events that occurred within the same area, we show that risk management generally reduces the impacts of floods and droughts but faces difficulties in reducing the impacts of unprecedented events of a magnitude not previously experienced. If the second event was much more hazardous than the first, its impact was almost always higher. This is because management was not designed to deal with such extreme events: for example, they exceeded the design levels of levees and reservoirs. In two success stories, the impact of the second, more hazardous, event was lower, as a result of improved risk management governance and high investment in integrated management. The observed difficulty of managing unprecedented events is alarming, given that more extreme hydrological events are projected owing to climate change3. أدت إدارة المخاطر إلى تقليل التعرض للفيضانات والجفاف على مستوى العالم1,2، ومع ذلك لا تزال آثارها تتزايد3. لذلك هناك حاجة إلى فهم أفضل لأسباب تغير التأثيرات، ولكن أعيق ذلك بسبب نقص البيانات التجريبية4، 5. على أساس مجموعة بيانات عالمية مكونة من 45 زوجًا من الأحداث التي وقعت داخل نفس المنطقة، نظهر أن إدارة المخاطر تقلل عمومًا من آثار الفيضانات والجفاف ولكنها تواجه صعوبات في الحد من آثار الأحداث غير المسبوقة ذات الحجم الذي لم تشهده من قبل. إذا كان الحدث الثاني أكثر خطورة من الأول، فإن تأثيره كان دائمًا أعلى. وذلك لأن الإدارة لم تكن مصممة للتعامل مع مثل هذه الأحداث المتطرفة: على سبيل المثال، تجاوزت مستويات تصميم السدود والخزانات. في قصتي نجاح، كان تأثير الحدث الثاني، الأكثر خطورة، أقل، نتيجة لتحسين حوكمة إدارة المخاطر والاستثمار العالي في الإدارة المتكاملة. إن الصعوبة الملحوظة في إدارة الأحداث غير المسبوقة تنذر بالخطر، بالنظر إلى أنه من المتوقع حدوث المزيد من الأحداث الهيدرولوجية المتطرفة بسبب تغير المناخ3.

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    Authors: orcid José Gescilam S. M. Uchôa;
    José Gescilam S. M. Uchôa
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    Luis E. Bertotto in OpenAIRE
    Matheus S. dos Santos; Alan Reis; +3 Authors

    Tropical regions are known for their complex ecosystems and biodiversity, which play a vital role in regulating the global climate. However, researching tropical cities can be challenging due to the need for multi-disciplinary and multi-dimensional approaches. In this study, we conducted a bibliometric analysis to gain a structured understanding of the developments and characteristics of tropical cities research in the last decade. We identified the fundamental influences in tropical cities research, based on four major sub-topics: climate change, sustainable urbanization, protecting biodiversity, and urban resource management. We examined the connections between these themes and performed a systematic literature review on each. Our analysis provides a comprehensive trend analysis of tropical cities, both quantitatively and qualitatively. Our findings aim to provide a solid foundation for bridging the gaps for future crosscutting research.

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    Frontiers in Sustainable Cities
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    Frontiers in Sustainable Cities
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      Frontiers in Sustainable Cities
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    Authors: orcid bw José Artur Teixeira Brasil;
    José Artur Teixeira Brasil
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    José Artur Teixeira Brasil in OpenAIRE
    orcid bw Marina Batalini de Macedo;
    Marina Batalini de Macedo
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    Marina Batalini de Macedo in OpenAIRE
    orcid bw Thalita Raquel Pereira de Oliveira;
    Thalita Raquel Pereira de Oliveira
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    Thalita Raquel Pereira de Oliveira in OpenAIRE
    orcid Filippo Ghiglieno;
    Filippo Ghiglieno
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    Filippo Ghiglieno in OpenAIRE
    +5 Authors

    Abstract Nature-based Solutions (NbS) are presented as an alternative and decentralized solutions with different application scales for problems addressed to urban expansion as water quality reduction and floods. The usage of control strategies and mathematical modeling techniques has shown promising results for optimizing hydraulic and water treatment processes. The Digital Twins (DT) as process integration technology are widely used in industry, and recently these technique usages in urban water systems are showing effective results in both management and planning. However, there is a lack of proper literature definition for DT applied to NbS, especially for stormwater and transboundary water security projects. Thus, this paper sought through a literature review to access the existing conceptual challenges and the DT definition as a framework, identify how the mathematical modeling reported in the literature can improve the DT development, and evaluate the potential benefits associated with the application of DT in NbS.

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    Journal of Hydroinformatics
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    Journal of Hydroinformatics
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    Authors: Marina Batalini de Macedo; orcid bw Marcus Nóbrega Gomes Júnior;
    Marcus Nóbrega Gomes Júnior
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    Vivian Jochelavicius; orcid bw Thalita Raquel Pereira de Oliveira;
    Thalita Raquel Pereira de Oliveira
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    The increase in urbanization and climate change projections point to a worsening of floods and urban river contamination. Cities need to adopt adaptive urban drainage measures capable of mitigating these drivers of change. This study presents a practical methodology for a modular design of bioretention systems incorporating land use and climate change into existing sizing methods. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis for these methods was performed. The methodology was applied to a case study in the city of Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. Three application scales were evaluated: property scale (PS), street scale (SS) and neighborhood scale (NS) for three temporal scenarios: current, 2015–2050 and 2050–2100. The choice of the sizing method was the factor with greatest influence on the final bioretention performance, as it considerably affected the surface areas designed, followed by the hydraulic conductivity of the filtering media. When analyzing the sensitivity of the parameters for each method, the runoff coefficient and the daily precipitation with 90% probability were identified as the most sensitive parameters. For the period 2050–2100, there was an increase of up to 2×, 2.5× and 4× in inflow for PS, SS and NS, respectively. However and despite the great uncertainty of future drivers, bioretention performance would remain almost constant in future periods due to modular design.

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    Sustainability
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    Authors: Diego A. Guzmán; orcid Guilherme S. Mohor;
    Guilherme S. Mohor
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    orcid Eduardo M. Mendiondo;
    Eduardo M. Mendiondo
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    Eduardo M. Mendiondo in OpenAIRE

    The sustainability of water utility companies is threatened by non-stationary drivers, such as climate and anthropogenic changes. To cope with potential economic losses, instruments such as insurance are useful for planning scenarios and mitigating impacts, but data limitations and risk uncertainties affect premium estimation and, consequently, business sustainability. This research estimated the possible economic impacts of business interruption to the Sao Paulo Water Utility Company derived from hydrological drought and how this could be mitigated with an insurance scheme. Multi-year insurance (MYI) was proposed through a set of “change” drivers: the climate driver, through forcing the water evaluation and planning system (WEAP) hydrological tool; the anthropogenic driver, through water demand projections; and the economic driver, associated with recent water price policies adopted by the utility company during water scarcity periods. In our study case, the evaluated indices showed that MYI contracts that cover only longer droughts, regardless of the magnitude, offer better financial performance than contracts that cover all events (in terms of drought duration). Moreover, through MYI contracts, we demonstrate solvency for the insurance fund in the long term and an annual average actuarially fair premium close to the total expected revenue reduction.

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    Water
    Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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    Data sources: Crossref
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    Water
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    Water
    Article . 2020
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      Water
      Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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      Water
      Article . 2020
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    Authors: orcid Heidi Kreibich;
    Heidi Kreibich
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Heidi Kreibich in OpenAIRE
    orcid Anne F. Van Loon;
    Anne F. Van Loon
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Anne F. Van Loon in OpenAIRE
    orcid Kai Schröter;
    Kai Schröter
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Kai Schröter in OpenAIRE
    orcid Philip J. Ward;
    Philip J. Ward
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Philip J. Ward in OpenAIRE
    +88 Authors

    AbstractRisk management has reduced vulnerability to floods and droughts globally1,2, yet their impacts are still increasing3. An improved understanding of the causes of changing impacts is therefore needed, but has been hampered by a lack of empirical data4,5. On the basis of a global dataset of 45 pairs of events that occurred within the same area, we show that risk management generally reduces the impacts of floods and droughts but faces difficulties in reducing the impacts of unprecedented events of a magnitude not previously experienced. If the second event was much more hazardous than the first, its impact was almost always higher. This is because management was not designed to deal with such extreme events: for example, they exceeded the design levels of levees and reservoirs. In two success stories, the impact of the second, more hazardous, event was lower, as a result of improved risk management governance and high investment in integrated management. The observed difficulty of managing unprecedented events is alarming, given that more extreme hydrological events are projected owing to climate change3.

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    Nature
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
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    ZENODO
    Article . 2022
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    Nature
    Article . 2022
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      Nature
      Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
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      ZENODO
      Article . 2022
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      Nature
      Article . 2022
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    Authors: orcid Gabriel Marinho e Silva;
    Gabriel Marinho e Silva
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Gabriel Marinho e Silva in OpenAIRE
    orcid Daiane Ferreira Campos;
    Daiane Ferreira Campos
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Daiane Ferreira Campos in OpenAIRE
    orcid bw José Artur Teixeira Brasil;
    José Artur Teixeira Brasil
    ORCID
    Derived by OpenAIRE algorithms or harvested from 3rd party repositories

    José Artur Teixeira Brasil in OpenAIRE
    Marcel Tremblay; +2 Authors

    Monitoring water quality is an essential tool for the control of pollutants and pathogens that can cause damage to the environment and human health. However, water quality analysis is usually performed in laboratory environments, often with the use of high-cost equipment and qualified professionals. With the progress of nanotechnology and the advance in engineering materials, several studies have shown, in recent years, the development of technologies aimed at monitoring water quality, with the ability to reduce the costs of analysis and accelerate the achievement of results for management and decision-making. In this work, a review was carried out on several low-cost developed technologies and applied in situ for water quality monitoring. Thus, new alternative technologies for the main physical (color, temperature, and turbidity), chemical (chlorine, fluorine, phosphorus, metals, nitrogen, dissolved oxygen, pH, and oxidation–reduction potential), and biological (total coliforms, Escherichia coli, algae, and cyanobacteria) water quality parameters were described. It was observed that there has been an increase in the number of publications related to the topic in recent years, mainly since 2012, with 641 studies being published in 2021. The main new technologies developed are based on optical or electrochemical sensors, however, due to the recent development of these technologies, more robust analyses and evaluations in real conditions are essential to guarantee the precision and repeatability of the methods, especially when it is desirable to compare the values with government regulatory standards.

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    Sustainability
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
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    Sustainability
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