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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: David Torres; Emilio Trigueros; Pedro Robles; Williams H. Leiva; +3 Authors

    Chalcocite (Cu2S) has the fastest kinetics of dissolution of Cu in chlorinated media of all copper sulfide minerals. Chalcocite has been identified as having economic interest due to its abundance, although the water necessary for its dissolution is scarce in many regions. In this work, the replacement of fresh water by sea water or by reject brine with high chloride content from desalination plants is analyzed. Additionally, the effect of adding MnO2 from available manganese nodules in vast quantities at the bottom of the sea is studied. Reject brine shows better results than sea water, and the addition of MnO2 to the brine significantly increases the kinetics of chalcocite dissolution in a short time. H2SO4 concentration is found to be irrelevant when working at high concentrations of chloride and MnO2. The best results, 71% Cu extractions in 48 h, are obtained for reject brine, 100 mg of MnO2 per 200 g of mineral and H2SO4 0.5 mol/L. The results are expected to contribute to a sustainable process of dissolution of chalcocite by using the reject brine from desalination plants.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Metalsarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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    Metals
    Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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    Metals
    Article . 2020
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Metalsarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Metals
      Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      Metals
      Article . 2020
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Acuña, Sergio M; Toledo, Pedro G;

    Las fuerzas superficiales entre partículas coloidales de resina y fibra dominan el comportamiento y las propiedades finales de papel y celulosa. Aquí se describe el uso de Microscopía de Fuerza Atómica (AFM) para medir directamente las fuerzas de interacción entre la superficie de un substrato plano ‘funcionalizado’ con resina de madera y la superficie de una microesfera de vidrio en soluciones de electrolito a pH controlado y a temperatura ambiente. El substrato convertido en hidrofílico es una hoja de poliestireno recubierta con una película ultra fina de resina natural. La carga superficial del substrato ‘funcionalizado’ imita la de las micelas de resina, la microestructura preferida de la resina en agua, y la carga sobre la microesfera imita la de las fibras de madera. Las curvas de fuerza AFM son interpretadas a la luz del balance entre fuerzas atractivas -van der Waals- y repulsivas -electrostáticas- de la teoría continua clásica DLVO de fuerzas para sistemas coloidales. Las medidas muestran una fuerte y persistente repulsión de muy corto rango, a distancias de separación menores a 100 Å, que no puede ser explicada por la teoría DLVO. Estas fuerzas repulsivas que actúan como barreras al contacto o a la coagulación tienen su origen en capas de agua altamente ordenadas en la vecindad de las superficies eléctricamente cargadas. El tamaño e intensidad de la barrera dependen de la magnitud y densidad de la carga eléctrica en las superficies que interactúan, que a su vez dependen de sus composiciones químicas y del medio acuoso. La repulsión aumenta con el pH y disminuye con la concentración y tamaño del electrolito. Fuerzas AFM de alejamiento entre substrato y microesfera, después de ocurrido el contacto, revelan una correlación aparentemente no reportada antes entre concentración de electrolito y adhesión. La adhesión aumenta con la concentración y tamaño del electrolito. Fenómenos complejos como dusting, desprendimiento de resina durante el uso del papel, pueden ser controlados mediante regulación del ambiente fluido durante el proceso de fabricación. Abstract Surface and adhesive forces between colloidal wood particles of resin and fiber dominate the behavior and final properties of paper and cellulose. This paper describes the use of Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) to measure the interaction force between a resin ‘functionalized’ substrate and a glass microsphere in aqueous pH-controlled electrolyte solutions at ambient temperature. The waterwet made substrate is a hydrophobic polystyrene film coated with an extremely thin film of wood fatty and resin acids. The surface charge on the ‘functionalized’ substrate mimics that on resin micelles, the preferred microstructure of resin in water, and the charge on the microsphere mimics that on wood fibers. AFM force curves are analyzed to the light of the balance between attractive forces -van derWaals- and repulsive forces -electrostatic- from the classical continuum DLVO theory of colloidal forces. Force measurements show strong and persistent short-range repulsive forces at distances less than 100 Å which are not explained by the DLVO theory. These repulsive forces that act as barriers to contact or coagulation originate on highly ordered water in the neighborhood of the charged surfaces. The barrier size and intensity depend on the magnitude and density of the electrical charges on the interacting surfaces, which in turn depends on their chemical composition, and on the aqueous media. Repulsion increases with pH and decreases with electrolyte concentration. AFM flat-microsphere pull-off forces reveal an apparently unreported correlation between electrolyte concentration and adhesion. Adhesion increases with electrolyte concentration and size. Complex phenomena such as dusting, the release of resin upon paper use due to poor resin-fiber bondage, can thus be controlled by regulating the aqueous media during papermaking.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Maderas: Ciencia y T...arrow_drop_down
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    Maderas: Ciencia y Tecnología
    Article . 2010 . Peer-reviewed
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    Maderas: Ciencia y Tecnología
    Article . 2014
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Maderas: Ciencia y T...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Maderas: Ciencia y Tecnología
      Article . 2010 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      Maderas: Ciencia y Tecnología
      Article . 2014
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: David Torres; Emilio Trigueros; Pedro Robles; Williams H. Leiva; +3 Authors

    Chalcocite (Cu2S) has the fastest kinetics of dissolution of Cu in chlorinated media of all copper sulfide minerals. Chalcocite has been identified as having economic interest due to its abundance, although the water necessary for its dissolution is scarce in many regions. In this work, the replacement of fresh water by sea water or by reject brine with high chloride content from desalination plants is analyzed. Additionally, the effect of adding MnO2 from available manganese nodules in vast quantities at the bottom of the sea is studied. Reject brine shows better results than sea water, and the addition of MnO2 to the brine significantly increases the kinetics of chalcocite dissolution in a short time. H2SO4 concentration is found to be irrelevant when working at high concentrations of chloride and MnO2. The best results, 71% Cu extractions in 48 h, are obtained for reject brine, 100 mg of MnO2 per 200 g of mineral and H2SO4 0.5 mol/L. The results are expected to contribute to a sustainable process of dissolution of chalcocite by using the reject brine from desalination plants.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Metalsarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Metals
    Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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    Article . 2020
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Metalsarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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      Metals
      Article . 2020
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Acuña, Sergio M; Toledo, Pedro G;

    Las fuerzas superficiales entre partículas coloidales de resina y fibra dominan el comportamiento y las propiedades finales de papel y celulosa. Aquí se describe el uso de Microscopía de Fuerza Atómica (AFM) para medir directamente las fuerzas de interacción entre la superficie de un substrato plano ‘funcionalizado’ con resina de madera y la superficie de una microesfera de vidrio en soluciones de electrolito a pH controlado y a temperatura ambiente. El substrato convertido en hidrofílico es una hoja de poliestireno recubierta con una película ultra fina de resina natural. La carga superficial del substrato ‘funcionalizado’ imita la de las micelas de resina, la microestructura preferida de la resina en agua, y la carga sobre la microesfera imita la de las fibras de madera. Las curvas de fuerza AFM son interpretadas a la luz del balance entre fuerzas atractivas -van der Waals- y repulsivas -electrostáticas- de la teoría continua clásica DLVO de fuerzas para sistemas coloidales. Las medidas muestran una fuerte y persistente repulsión de muy corto rango, a distancias de separación menores a 100 Å, que no puede ser explicada por la teoría DLVO. Estas fuerzas repulsivas que actúan como barreras al contacto o a la coagulación tienen su origen en capas de agua altamente ordenadas en la vecindad de las superficies eléctricamente cargadas. El tamaño e intensidad de la barrera dependen de la magnitud y densidad de la carga eléctrica en las superficies que interactúan, que a su vez dependen de sus composiciones químicas y del medio acuoso. La repulsión aumenta con el pH y disminuye con la concentración y tamaño del electrolito. Fuerzas AFM de alejamiento entre substrato y microesfera, después de ocurrido el contacto, revelan una correlación aparentemente no reportada antes entre concentración de electrolito y adhesión. La adhesión aumenta con la concentración y tamaño del electrolito. Fenómenos complejos como dusting, desprendimiento de resina durante el uso del papel, pueden ser controlados mediante regulación del ambiente fluido durante el proceso de fabricación. Abstract Surface and adhesive forces between colloidal wood particles of resin and fiber dominate the behavior and final properties of paper and cellulose. This paper describes the use of Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) to measure the interaction force between a resin ‘functionalized’ substrate and a glass microsphere in aqueous pH-controlled electrolyte solutions at ambient temperature. The waterwet made substrate is a hydrophobic polystyrene film coated with an extremely thin film of wood fatty and resin acids. The surface charge on the ‘functionalized’ substrate mimics that on resin micelles, the preferred microstructure of resin in water, and the charge on the microsphere mimics that on wood fibers. AFM force curves are analyzed to the light of the balance between attractive forces -van derWaals- and repulsive forces -electrostatic- from the classical continuum DLVO theory of colloidal forces. Force measurements show strong and persistent short-range repulsive forces at distances less than 100 Å which are not explained by the DLVO theory. These repulsive forces that act as barriers to contact or coagulation originate on highly ordered water in the neighborhood of the charged surfaces. The barrier size and intensity depend on the magnitude and density of the electrical charges on the interacting surfaces, which in turn depends on their chemical composition, and on the aqueous media. Repulsion increases with pH and decreases with electrolyte concentration. AFM flat-microsphere pull-off forces reveal an apparently unreported correlation between electrolyte concentration and adhesion. Adhesion increases with electrolyte concentration and size. Complex phenomena such as dusting, the release of resin upon paper use due to poor resin-fiber bondage, can thus be controlled by regulating the aqueous media during papermaking.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Maderas: Ciencia y T...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Maderas: Ciencia y Tecnología
    Article . 2010 . Peer-reviewed
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Maderas: Ciencia y Tecnología
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Maderas: Ciencia y T...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      Article . 2010 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Maderas: Ciencia y Tecnología
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Maderas: Ciencia y Tecnología
      Article . 2014
      Data sources: DOAJ
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

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