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  • Цель исследования: Сформулировать предложения по совершенствованию системы управления устойчивым развитием электроэнергетики КНР. Исследование выполнялось на базе Государственной электросетевой корпорации КНР. Используемые данные обрабатывались с использованием MS Excel. Предмет исследования: управленческие процессы совершенствования системы управления развитием электроэнергетики КНР. Методы исследования: применялись общенаучные и специфические классификация, систематизация, сравнение, метод аналогий, прогнозирование. Основные результаты исследования: -Определено понятие системы управления развитием электроэнергетики и ее роль в обеспечении устойчивости экономики. в условиях новой экономики; -выявлены особенности существующей системы законодательно нормативных документов, определяющих развитие электроэнергетики КНР;-дана характеристика деятельности государственных регулирующих органов в электроэнергетике и текущих моделей управления отраслью; Область применения результатов ВКР: в деятельности энергетических компаний Китая. Научной новизной исследования является авторская формулировка рекомендаций по совершенствованию системы управления развитием электроэнергетики КНРдля обеспечения устойчивого функционирования электроэнергетики в условиях реформирования отрасли. Выводы. Задачи ВКРрешены, цель достигнута, определена область применения результатов. Полученные результаты обладают признаками научной новины. Обоснованы перспективы и направления дальнейшего исследования. The aim of the graduate qualification work: the develop recommendations for improving the management system for sustainable innovative development of the PRC electric power industry. The study was carried out on the materials of the State Electric Grid Corporation of the Peoples Republic of China. The data used was processed using MS Excel. Subject matter: management processes for improving the management system for the development of the PRC electric power industry. Research methods used: general scientific and specific classification, systematization, comparison, analogy method, forecasting were used. The main results of the graduate qualification work: - the essence of the concept of the management system for the development of the electric power industry and its role in ensuring the sustainable functioning of the PRC economy in the new economic conditions are defined;- the features of the existing system of legislative and regulatory documents that determine the development of the PRC electric power industry are revealed;- a description of the activities of state regulatory bodies in the electric power industry and current models of industry management is given;Application field: in the activities of energy companies in China. The scientific novelty of the study is the authors formulation of recommendations for improving the management system for the development of the PRC electric power industry to ensure the sustainable functioning of the electric power industry in the context of reforming the industry. Conclusions of graduate qualification work. The tasks of the WRC have been solved, the goal has been achieved, the scope of the results has been determined. The results obtained have signs of scientific novelty. Prospects and directions for further research are substantiated.

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    Authors: Stanislav O. Khomutov; Vladimir I. Polishchuk; Vasiliy I. Stashko;

    The relevance. Changes in geopolitics and conjuncture of the world energy markets, impact more and more the world economy, forcing not only to improve energy technologies, but also to determine the priorities of the state in the field of energy policy. One of these priorities is to increase generation from new types of renewable energy sources and rapid development of appropriate technologies, which, in their turn, provide cheaper production. At the same time, it is known that it is possible to increase the reliability of the power system and at the same time to increase the production of electricity at the expense of distributed energy, the basis of which is micro-generation from solar power plants. In this regard, additional research is needed to adapt the existing methods of calculation of photovoltaic systems to their use in development and construction of low-power solar power plants. The relevance is also caused by the fact that it is necessary to create the most effective and inexpensive system for converting solar energy into electrical energy, which would meet any given technical requirements, would be reliable and easy to operate. The main aim of the research is to develop an effective photovoltaic system and design an inexpensive microelectric solar power plant with specified parameters and technical characteristics for further experimental studies. The methods. When calculating and studying the main operation modes and structural elements of photovoltaic systems, the authors have used the results of numerous scientific studies, including applied research, and available experience in the field of solar energy, which was obtained in the performance of some theoretical and experimental work. DipTrace and EasyEDA systems were used in development and modeling of electronic circuits. The results. The authors substantiate the expediency of application of more simple methods to determine the probable or actual exposure with the use of the software PVsyst, with an error of no more than 10 %. They developed the technology for experimental production of photovoltaic modules of given geometric dimensions and nominal power and the reliable control system for a biaxial solar tracker due to the actuators, which increases the efficiency of photovoltaic systems in the latitudes of Western and South-Western Siberia. A block diagram for controling a micro-power solar power plant and electronic circuits of the MPPT solar controller, DC-DC Converter, DC-AC inverter, and the main control unit based on the ATmega326 microcontroller were designed.

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    Authors: Burdo O.G.; Gavrilov A.V.; Kashkano M.V.; Levtrynskaya Y.O.; +3 Authors

    The analysis of scientific works shows that the development of technology is ahead of the level of development of energy management. There are no clear comparisons of the energy efficiency of electrical technologies and heat technologies. Objective indicators of energy efficiency in various technologies of dehydration of raw materials not developed yet. In that article assumed that objective results for comparing energy efficiency in the processing of raw materials is obtained by the basis of system analysis of the entire energy conversion chain from fuel to finished product. The purpose of the work is experimentally proving the objectivity of this hypothesis. To achieve this goal, it is proposing to use the indicator of the energy share of fuel in the finished product and the amount of moisture removed when burning 1 kg of fuel, which does not depend on fluctuations in energy prices, which can vary and differ for different countries. The most important result of the work is the comparison of these parameters with the data for innovative equipment samples developed by the authors. The significance of the results obtained is that the evaporating devices developed by the authors are not inferior in efficiency to traditional ones, and make it possible to obtain concentrates up to 90 ° brix. Thus, for fuels with an oil equivalent of 40 MJ per 1 kg, traditional dryers can remove no more than 3 kg of moisture, cryoconcentrators – 20 kg.

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    https://dx.doi.org/10.23670/ir...
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  • Authors: V S Korotkov; D V Zaletov; N A Khripach; orcid B A Papkin;
    B A Papkin
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    В статье приведены основные характеристики разработанной математической модели термоэлектрического генератора для автомобильного двигателя внутреннего сгорания, а также описаны внесенные в нее, по результатам изготовления, как отдельных деталей, так и термоэлектрического генератора в целом, изменения. Описан процесс определения адекватности математической модели на основании результатов экспериментальных исследований. Анализ адекватности показал, что отклонения результатов моделирования от полученных в ходе испытаний значений не превышает 6%, что обеспечивает верное отражение свойств ТЭГ с достаточной точностью. The article presents the main characteristics of the developed model of a thermoelectric generator for automotive internal combustion engine and described modifications made to it, according of manufacturing results as individual parts, and a thermoelectric generator in general. Also shows the process of determining the adequacy of the mathematical model based on experimental results. Adequacy analysis showed that the deviation from the simulation results obtained in the test values does not exceed 6%, which provides a true reflection TEG properties with sufficient precision. №9(51) (2016)

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  • Развиваются идеи о переводе экономики на новый (водородный) базис естественных производительных сил регионального развития в свете грядущей смены технологического уклада на основе прогресса в сфере наук о Земле и разработок инновационного транспорта и инфраструктуры второго уровня (на опорах). В пространственноэкономическом аспекте ведущая роль в этом отводится крупным (макрорегиональным) географическим системам с использованием их сравнительных преимуществ как естественных доминантных географических пространств с северным, а в целом меридиональным вектором освоения. С учетом ранее разработанного автором проекта Урарктика (УралАрктика) и природных ограничений в виде полигональных тундр и болот указывается на целесообразность развития на таких территориях природоподобных транспортных сетей типа Полярное кружево , а также связанных с ними мобильных поселений, адаптированных для нужд оленеводов, вахтовиков и других полевых работников. Особое внимание в плане построения перспективных экологоэнергетических экономических региональных стратегий озерных краев и углеводородных провинций уделяется появлению новых воззрений о дегазации недр Земли и связанного с этим повторного насыщения отработанных скважин, образования воронок и озоновых дыр, новых проявлений лимногенеза. Отмечена роль как перспективных природоподобных источников энергообеспечения соляных озер с парниковым эффектом. В плане своевременной научной проработки соответствующих перспективных технологий и систем предлагается ряд приоритетных академических мер для перевода экономики на новый технологический уклад. The article develops ideas of transition of economy to the new (hydrogen) basis of natural productive forces of regional development in the light of the future change of technological mode based on progress in the field of Earth sciences and the development of innovative transport and secondlevel infrastructure (on pillars). In the spatialeconomic aspect, the leading role is given to the large (macroregional) geographical systems using their comparative advantages as natural dominant geographical spaces with the northern, and in general, meridian vector. Taking into account the project Urarktika (UralArctic) preliminary elaborated by the author and natural restrictions in the form of polygonal tundra and marshes, it is feasible to develop transport networks on such territories of naturelike transport networks of Polar Lace type and related mobile settlements, adapted to the needs of reindeer herders, shiftmen, and other field workers. In regard to building forwardlooking ecologyenergy economic regional strategies of lake edges areas and hydrocarbon provinces, special attention is paid to new views of the Earths subsoil degassing and connected to it repeated saturation of the used wells, formation of craters and ozone holes, and new manifestations of limnogenesis.The role of both promising nature like energy sources of salt lakes with greenhouse effect is noted. For the timely development of such promising technologies and systems we have proposed a number of priority academic measures for transition of the economy to a new technological mode. №2 (2019)

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  • The article analyzes the features of such concepts as sustainability, sustainable development, competitiveness and analyzes their relationship and mutual influence. The analysis of the global competitiveness index of Russia for a number of years is presented, as well as the trend of its variability from the point of view of sustainability and stability. The article describes the impact of the competitiveness of economic agents that form the basis of the national economy on the sustainable development of individual organizations-economic agents, as well as on the sustainable development of the national economy as a whole. The criteria that form the basis for compiling the global competitiveness index and are used for analyzing the quality of life of the population are also presented. For the purposes of the analysis, the methods and tools of quality management are considered and recommendations for their application in practice are given. В статье анализируются особенности таких понятий как устойчивость , устойчивое развитие , конкурентоспособность и проводится анализ их взаимосвязи и взаимовлияния. Представлен анализ индекса глобальной конкурентоспособности России за ряд лет, а также проанализирован тренд его изменчивости с позиций устойчивости и стабильности. Описано влияние конкурентоспособности экономических агентов, составляющих основу национальной экономики на устойчивое развитие как отдельных организаций-экономических агентов, так и на устойчивое развитие национальной экономики в целом. Также представлены критерии, составляющие основу для составления индекса глобальной конкурентоспособности и используемые для анализа качества жизни населения. Для целей анализа рассмотрены методы и инструменты менеджмента качества и даны рекомендации их применения на практике. №1 (2020)

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  • The relevance of the study is due to development and implementation of state measures in the field of energy conservation and energy efficiency in the regions of the Far Eastern Federal District of Russia. The article is dedicated to study of prerequisites for the development and implementation of policies in the field of managing the demand for electricity in the regions of the Far Eastern Federal District, which are members of the United Energy System of the East. The article identifies and describes the specifics of the energy system of the Far Eastern Federal District and the OES of the East, covering such aspects as territories, technologies, the energy market, the systemic, structural and economic issues. We have analyzed the legislative measures aimed at improving the energy policy of the given macroregion, aimed at increasing the investment attractiveness of these territorial entities. Based on analysis of the structure and characteristics of the parameters of demand for electricity consumption in the given areas, we have proved the effectiveness of the tools introduced for managing the demand for electricity in order to improve the energy efficiency of the territories of the Far East. Based on the study of the parameters of electricity demand of the OES of the East in terms of different periods, and on analysis of the technological features of the power system of the OES of the East in contrast with the UES of Russia, we have concluded that the power system of the Far Eastern macroregion incurs high costs covering the uneven demand for electricity; the energy costs can be in fact reduced through using demand management tools. The article provides a rationale for introducing a model for managing the demand for electricity in Russia based on individual pilot regions or macroregions. Identifying the structural characteristics of the energy system of the Far Eastern Federal District, we have proposed using the power system of the OES of the East as a platform for implementing a pilot project to study, develop and test the mechanisms of demand management in Russia, which will not only reduce the cost of electricity supply for consumers of the Far Eastern macroregion, but also further extend the positive effect of demand management to other regions of Russia. Актуальность исследования обусловлена разработкой и реализацией государственных мер в области энергосбережения и повышения энергетической эффективности на территории регионов, входящих в Дальневосточный федеральный округ России. Проведено исследование предпосылок разработки и внедрения политики в области управления спросом на электроэнергию на территории регионов ДФО, входящих в Объединенную энергетическую систему Востока. Выявлены и описаны территориально-технические, энергорыночные, системные, структурные и экономическое особенности функционирования энергетической системы ДФО и ОЭС Востока. Приведены результаты анализа законодательных мер, направленных на совершенствование энергетической политики исследуемого макрорегиона по повышению инвестиционной привлекательности территориальных образований. На основе анализа структуры и особенностей параметров спроса на электропотребление на исследуемых территориях доказывается эффективность внедрения инструментов управления спросом на электроэнергию с целью повышения энергетической эффективности для территорий Дальнего Востока. Опираясь на проведенное исследование параметров спроса на электроэнергию ОЭС Востока в разрезе различных периодов и анализ технологических особенностей энергосистемы ОЭС Востока, в отличие от ЕЭС России, делается вывод о высоких затратах энергосистемы Дальневосточного макрорегиона на покрытие неравномерности спроса на электроэнергию, а также о наличии резервов сокращения энергетических затрат посредством применения инструментов управления спросом. Приводится обоснование целесообразности внедрения модели управления спросом на электроэнергию в России на базе отдельных пилотных регионов либо макрорегионов. На основе выявленных структурных характеристик энергетической системы ДФО предложено использование энергосистемы ОЭС Востока в качестве площадки для реализации пилотного проекта по исследованию, разработке и апробации механизмов управления спросом на электроэнергию в России, что позволит не только снизить затраты на отпуск электроэнергии для потребителей Дальневосточного макрорегиона, но и в дальнейшем распространить полученный положительный эффект от управления спросом на другие регионы России.

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    Authors: Shchinnikov P. A.; Borush O.V.; Zykov S.V.; Mikhaylenko A.I.;

    The article presents the optimization method of load division between combined heat and power plant units. The method used the power unit division into functioning parts and the differentialexergy method. This method allowed presenting the unit as a structural diagram where exergetic subsystems are fuel supply, steam generator, turbine, generator and electrical equipment, water supply and regeneration, heat supply to the consumer. The differential-exergy method was based on a combination of exergy analysis and optimization method of economic efficiency criteria using uncertain Lagrange multipliers. The use of the exergy function of goal allowed avoiding the problem of division of fuel costs for each type of product that was important at optimization. The optimization criterion, its parameters and limitations were developed as well. These parameters can extend traditional technical and economic analysis of the combined heat and power plants operating mode, as they take into account thermodynamically rigorous division of fuel costs between heat and electric power at their complex production on the combined heat and power plants. The use of the differentialexergy method in optimizing the load distribution of the power units of the combined heat and power plants makes possible obtaining of fuel savings of 1.5 to 3%. It has been shown that if the parameters of power units deteriorate, the application of the method makes it possible to have the best performance of the power plant when it is compared with functioning of combined heat and power units at proportional loading.

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  • нергосбережение одна из самых актуальных задач для страны. Огромный потенциал по энергосбережению сосредоточен в жилом секторе, до 70 которого представляют собой многоквартирные здания типовой застройки. Установка в подвалах зданий индивидуальных тепловых пунктов одно из самых эффективных энергосберегающих мероприятий, позволяющее получить экономию тепловой энергии одновременно с обеспечением комфортной температуры в помещениях. energy Saving is one of the most urgent tasks for the country. Huge potential for energy saving is concentrated in the residential sector, up to 70 of which are multi-apartment buildings of standard construction. Installation of individual heat points in the basements of buildings is one of the most effective energy-saving measures that allows you to save heat energy while ensuring a comfortable temperature in the premises. №2 (2020)

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