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  • Energy Research
  • 2021-2025
  • English
  • Chinese Academy of Sciences

  • Authors: Jingjuan Liao;

    Le plateau tibétain du Qinghai (QTP), connu sous le nom de toit du monde et de tour d'eau d'Asie, compte le plus grand nombre de lacs au monde, et en raison de son altitude élevée et de la quasi-absence de perturbations par l'activité humaine, le plateau est depuis longtemps un site important pour l'étude du changement climatique mondial. Les stations hydrologiques ne peuvent pas être facilement installées dans cette région, et les données des jauges in situ ne sont pas toujours accessibles au public. L'altimétrie radar par satellite est devenue une alternative très importante aux observations in situ en tant que source de données. L'estimation des niveaux d'eau des lacs par altimétrie radar est souvent limitée par la couverture temporelle et spatiale et, par conséquent, les données multi-altimétriques sont souvent utilisées pour surveiller les niveaux des lacs. Limitée par la précision du traitement des formes d'onde et la période d'intervalle entre les différentes missions d'altimétrie, la précision et la fréquence d'échantillonnage des séries de niveaux d'eau sont généralement faibles. En traitant et en fusionnant les données de huit missions altimétriques différentes, les ensembles de données développés ont fourni les changements de niveau d'eau pour 362 lacs (plus de 10 km2) dans le QTP de 2002 à 2021. La période de la série des changements de niveau des lacs, qui offre une grande précision, peut être beaucoup plus longue pour de nombreux systèmes lacustres. Les ensembles de données actuels et les approches associées sont utiles pour calculer les changements dans le stockage des lacs, les analyses de tendance des niveaux des lacs, la surveillance à court terme du débordement des lacs, les catastrophes d'inondation sur le plateau et les relations entre les changements dans les écosystèmes lacustres et les changements dans les ressources en eau. La meseta del Tíbet de Qinghai (QTP), conocida como el Techo del Mundo y la Torre de Agua de Asia, tiene el mayor número de lagos del mundo, y debido a su gran altitud y casi ausencia de perturbaciones por la actividad humana, la meseta ha sido durante mucho tiempo un sitio importante para estudiar el cambio climático global. Las estaciones hidrológicas no se pueden instalar fácilmente en esta región, y los datos de los indicadores in situ no siempre son de acceso público. La altimetría por radar satelital se ha convertido en una alternativa muy importante a los observatorios in situ como fuente de datos. La estimación de los niveles de agua de los lagos a través de la altimetría por radar a menudo está limitada por la cobertura temporal y espacial y, por lo tanto, los datos de múltiples altímetros a menudo se utilizan para monitorear los niveles de los lagos. Restringido por la precisión del procesamiento de la forma de onda y el período de intervalo entre diferentes misiones de altimetría, la precisión y la frecuencia de muestreo de las series de nivel de agua suelen ser bajas. Al procesar y fusionar datos de ocho misiones de altimetría diferentes, los conjuntos de datos desarrollados proporcionaron los cambios en el nivel del agua para 362 lagos (más de 10 km2) en el QTP de 2002 a 2021. El período para la serie de cambio de nivel de lago, que ofrece una alta precisión, puede ser mucho más largo para muchos sistemas lacustres. Los conjuntos de datos actuales y los enfoques asociados son valiosos para calcular los cambios en el almacenamiento de los lagos, los análisis de tendencias de los niveles de los lagos, el monitoreo a corto plazo del desbordamiento de los lagos, los desastres de inundaciones en la meseta y las relaciones entre los cambios en los ecosistemas lacustres y los cambios en los recursos hídricos. The Qinghai Tibet Plateau (QTP), known as the Roof of the World and the Water Tower of Asia, has the largest number of lakes in the world, and because of its high altitude and near absence of disturbances by human activity, the plateau has long been an important site for studying global climate change. Hydrological stations cannot be readily set up in this region, and in situ gauge data are not always publicly accessible. Satellite radar altimetry has become a very important alternative to in situ observations as a source of data. Estimation of the water levels of lakes via radar altimetry is often limited by temporal and spatial coverage, and, therefore, multi-altimeter data are often used to monitor lake levels. Restricted by the accuracy of waveform processing and the interval period between different altimetry missions, the accuracy and the sampling frequency of the water level series are typically low. By processing and merging data from eight different altimetry missions, the developed datasets provided the water level changes for 362 lakes (larger than 10 km2) in the QTP from 2002 to 2021. The period for the lake level change series, which affords high accuracy, can be much longer for many lake systems. The present datasets and associated approaches are valuable for calculating the changes in lake storage, trend analyses of the lake levels, short-term monitoring of the overflow of lakes, flooding disasters on the plateau, and the relationships between changes in the lake ecosystems and changes in the water resources. تحتوي هضبة تشينغهاي التبتية (QTP)، المعروفة باسم سقف العالم وبرج المياه في آسيا، على أكبر عدد من البحيرات في العالم، وبسبب ارتفاعها المرتفع وشبه غياب الاضطرابات الناجمة عن النشاط البشري، كانت الهضبة منذ فترة طويلة موقعًا مهمًا لدراسة تغير المناخ العالمي. لا يمكن إنشاء المحطات الهيدرولوجية بسهولة في هذه المنطقة، ولا يمكن دائمًا الوصول إلى بيانات المقياس في الموقع للجمهور. أصبح قياس الارتفاع بالرادار الساتلي بديلاً مهمًا جدًا للملاحظات في الموقع كمصدر للبيانات. غالبًا ما يكون تقدير مستويات المياه في البحيرات عن طريق قياس الارتفاعات بالرادار محدودًا بالتغطية الزمنية والمكانية، وبالتالي غالبًا ما تُستخدم البيانات متعددة المقاييس لرصد مستويات البحيرة. تكون دقة وتواتر أخذ العينات لسلسلة مستوى المياه منخفضة عادة بسبب دقة معالجة الشكل الموجي والفترة الفاصلة بين بعثات قياس الارتفاع المختلفة. من خلال معالجة ودمج البيانات من ثماني بعثات مختلفة لقياس الارتفاع، وفرت مجموعات البيانات المطورة تغييرات مستوى المياه لـ 362 بحيرة (أكبر من 10 كم 2) في QTP من 2002 إلى 2021. يمكن أن تكون فترة سلسلة التغيير على مستوى البحيرة، والتي توفر دقة عالية، أطول بكثير للعديد من أنظمة البحيرة. تعد مجموعات البيانات الحالية والنهج المرتبطة بها ذات قيمة لحساب التغيرات في تخزين البحيرة، وتحليلات الاتجاهات لمستويات البحيرة، والرصد قصير الأجل لتدفق البحيرات، وكوارث الفيضانات على الهضبة، والعلاقات بين التغيرات في النظم الإيكولوجية للبحيرة والتغيرات في الموارد المائية.

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  • Authors: Jingjuan Liao;

    Le plateau tibétain du Qinghai (QTP), connu sous le nom de toit du monde et de tour d'eau d'Asie, compte le plus grand nombre de lacs au monde, et en raison de son altitude élevée et de la quasi-absence de perturbations par l'activité humaine, le plateau est depuis longtemps un site important pour l'étude du changement climatique mondial. Les stations hydrologiques ne peuvent pas être facilement installées dans cette région, et les données des jauges in situ ne sont pas toujours accessibles au public. L'altimétrie radar par satellite est devenue une alternative très importante aux observations in situ en tant que source de données. L'estimation des niveaux d'eau des lacs par altimétrie radar est souvent limitée par la couverture temporelle et spatiale et, par conséquent, les données multi-altimétriques sont souvent utilisées pour surveiller les niveaux des lacs. Limitée par la précision du traitement des formes d'onde et la période d'intervalle entre les différentes missions d'altimétrie, la précision et la fréquence d'échantillonnage des séries de niveaux d'eau sont généralement faibles. En traitant et en fusionnant les données de huit missions altimétriques différentes, les ensembles de données développés ont fourni les changements de niveau d'eau pour 362 lacs (plus de 10 km2) dans le QTP de 2002 à 2021. La période de la série des changements de niveau des lacs, qui offre une grande précision, peut être beaucoup plus longue pour de nombreux systèmes lacustres. Les ensembles de données actuels et les approches associées sont utiles pour calculer les changements dans le stockage des lacs, les analyses de tendance des niveaux des lacs, la surveillance à court terme du débordement des lacs, les catastrophes d'inondation sur le plateau et les relations entre les changements dans les écosystèmes lacustres et les changements dans les ressources en eau. La meseta del Tíbet de Qinghai (QTP), conocida como el Techo del Mundo y la Torre de Agua de Asia, tiene el mayor número de lagos del mundo, y debido a su gran altitud y casi ausencia de perturbaciones por la actividad humana, la meseta ha sido durante mucho tiempo un sitio importante para estudiar el cambio climático global. Las estaciones hidrológicas no se pueden instalar fácilmente en esta región, y los datos de los indicadores in situ no siempre son de acceso público. La altimetría por radar satelital se ha convertido en una alternativa muy importante a los observatorios in situ como fuente de datos. La estimación de los niveles de agua de los lagos a través de la altimetría por radar a menudo está limitada por la cobertura temporal y espacial y, por lo tanto, los datos de múltiples altímetros a menudo se utilizan para monitorear los niveles de los lagos. Restringido por la precisión del procesamiento de la forma de onda y el período de intervalo entre diferentes misiones de altimetría, la precisión y la frecuencia de muestreo de las series de nivel de agua suelen ser bajas. Al procesar y fusionar datos de ocho misiones de altimetría diferentes, los conjuntos de datos desarrollados proporcionaron los cambios en el nivel del agua para 362 lagos (más de 10 km2) en el QTP de 2002 a 2021. El período para la serie de cambio de nivel de lago, que ofrece una alta precisión, puede ser mucho más largo para muchos sistemas lacustres. Los conjuntos de datos actuales y los enfoques asociados son valiosos para calcular los cambios en el almacenamiento de los lagos, los análisis de tendencias de los niveles de los lagos, el monitoreo a corto plazo del desbordamiento de los lagos, los desastres de inundaciones en la meseta y las relaciones entre los cambios en los ecosistemas lacustres y los cambios en los recursos hídricos. The Qinghai Tibet Plateau (QTP), known as the Roof of the World and the Water Tower of Asia, has the largest number of lakes in the world, and because of its high altitude and near absence of disturbances by human activity, the plateau has long been an important site for studying global climate change. Hydrological stations cannot be readily set up in this region, and in situ gauge data are not always publicly accessible. Satellite radar altimetry has become a very important alternative to in situ observations as a source of data. Estimation of the water levels of lakes via radar altimetry is often limited by temporal and spatial coverage, and, therefore, multi-altimeter data are often used to monitor lake levels. Restricted by the accuracy of waveform processing and the interval period between different altimetry missions, the accuracy and the sampling frequency of the water level series are typically low. By processing and merging data from eight different altimetry missions, the developed datasets provided the water level changes for 362 lakes (larger than 10 km2) in the QTP from 2002 to 2021. The period for the lake level change series, which affords high accuracy, can be much longer for many lake systems. The present datasets and associated approaches are valuable for calculating the changes in lake storage, trend analyses of the lake levels, short-term monitoring of the overflow of lakes, flooding disasters on the plateau, and the relationships between changes in the lake ecosystems and changes in the water resources. تحتوي هضبة تشينغهاي التبتية (QTP)، المعروفة باسم سقف العالم وبرج المياه في آسيا، على أكبر عدد من البحيرات في العالم، وبسبب ارتفاعها المرتفع وشبه غياب الاضطرابات الناجمة عن النشاط البشري، كانت الهضبة منذ فترة طويلة موقعًا مهمًا لدراسة تغير المناخ العالمي. لا يمكن إنشاء المحطات الهيدرولوجية بسهولة في هذه المنطقة، ولا يمكن دائمًا الوصول إلى بيانات المقياس في الموقع للجمهور. أصبح قياس الارتفاع بالرادار الساتلي بديلاً مهمًا جدًا للملاحظات في الموقع كمصدر للبيانات. غالبًا ما يكون تقدير مستويات المياه في البحيرات عن طريق قياس الارتفاعات بالرادار محدودًا بالتغطية الزمنية والمكانية، وبالتالي غالبًا ما تُستخدم البيانات متعددة المقاييس لرصد مستويات البحيرة. تكون دقة وتواتر أخذ العينات لسلسلة مستوى المياه منخفضة عادة بسبب دقة معالجة الشكل الموجي والفترة الفاصلة بين بعثات قياس الارتفاع المختلفة. من خلال معالجة ودمج البيانات من ثماني بعثات مختلفة لقياس الارتفاع، وفرت مجموعات البيانات المطورة تغييرات مستوى المياه لـ 362 بحيرة (أكبر من 10 كم 2) في QTP من 2002 إلى 2021. يمكن أن تكون فترة سلسلة التغيير على مستوى البحيرة، والتي توفر دقة عالية، أطول بكثير للعديد من أنظمة البحيرة. تعد مجموعات البيانات الحالية والنهج المرتبطة بها ذات قيمة لحساب التغيرات في تخزين البحيرة، وتحليلات الاتجاهات لمستويات البحيرة، والرصد قصير الأجل لتدفق البحيرات، وكوارث الفيضانات على الهضبة، والعلاقات بين التغيرات في النظم الإيكولوجية للبحيرة والتغيرات في الموارد المائية.

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  • Authors: Cheng-Cheng Meng; Xingguo Mo; Zhonghui Lin; Wen Liu; +2 Authors

    An in-depth understanding of variations in grassland productivity and forage-livestock balance is the basis of ecological barrier construction and ecosystem conservation in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Using an ecohydrological process-based model VIP with remotely sensed vegetation index and leaf area index, we simulated the spatial and temporal variations of grassland productivity in the Tibetan Plateau in 2000-2018. The variations in the status of forage-livestock balance at the county level were analyzed, combining with agriculture and animal husbandry statistics in the same period. The results showed that the mean annual net primary productivity (NPP) of grassland in the Tibetan Plateau was 158.4 g C·m-2·a-1, which had increased significantly in the past 20 years, with a significant increase in 44.7% of the total area. Climate warming, increased precipitation, prolonged growing season, and elevated carbon dioxide concentration were main driving forces for grassland productivity. The mean theoretical livestock carrying capacity estimated based on pasture yield was 1.17 SU·hm-2, with a growth rate of 0.011 SU·hm-2. The situation of overgrazing in the Tibetan Plateau had generally improved since 2000. The proportion of counties with severe overgrazing had dropped to less than 20%. In areas with more severe overgrazing, animal husbandry's maintenance and development mainly relied on supplementation of crop straw. The results could provide a scientific basis for regional agricultural and animal husbandry structural adjustment and environmental protection.

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  • Authors: Cheng-Cheng Meng; Xingguo Mo; Zhonghui Lin; Wen Liu; +2 Authors

    An in-depth understanding of variations in grassland productivity and forage-livestock balance is the basis of ecological barrier construction and ecosystem conservation in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Using an ecohydrological process-based model VIP with remotely sensed vegetation index and leaf area index, we simulated the spatial and temporal variations of grassland productivity in the Tibetan Plateau in 2000-2018. The variations in the status of forage-livestock balance at the county level were analyzed, combining with agriculture and animal husbandry statistics in the same period. The results showed that the mean annual net primary productivity (NPP) of grassland in the Tibetan Plateau was 158.4 g C·m-2·a-1, which had increased significantly in the past 20 years, with a significant increase in 44.7% of the total area. Climate warming, increased precipitation, prolonged growing season, and elevated carbon dioxide concentration were main driving forces for grassland productivity. The mean theoretical livestock carrying capacity estimated based on pasture yield was 1.17 SU·hm-2, with a growth rate of 0.011 SU·hm-2. The situation of overgrazing in the Tibetan Plateau had generally improved since 2000. The proportion of counties with severe overgrazing had dropped to less than 20%. In areas with more severe overgrazing, animal husbandry's maintenance and development mainly relied on supplementation of crop straw. The results could provide a scientific basis for regional agricultural and animal husbandry structural adjustment and environmental protection.

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  • Authors: Burong Hu; Ya Xiong Chen; Ya Rong Du; Rong Jia;

    To obtain precise data on the changes in the levels of 29 cytokines in mice after high or low linear energy transfer (LET) irradiation and to develop an accurate model of radiation exposure based on the cytokine levels after irradiation.Plasma samples harvested from mice at different time points after carbon-ion or X-ray irradiation were analyzed using meso-scale discovery (MSD), a high-throughput and sensitive electrochemiluminescence measurement technique. Dose estimation equations were set up using multiple linear regression analysis.The relative levels of IL-6 at 1 h, IL-5 and IL-6 at 24 h, and IL-5, IL-6 and IL-15 at 7 d after irradiation with two intensities increased dose-dependently. The minimum measured levels of IL-5, IL-6 and IL-15 were up to 4.0076 pg/mL, 16.4538 pg/mL and 0.4150 pg/mL, respectively. In addition, dose estimation models were established and verified.The MSD assay can provide more accurate data regarding the changes in the levels of the cytokines IL-5, IL-6 and IL-15. These cytokines could meet the essential criteria for radiosensitive biomarkers and can be used as radiation indicators. Our prediction models can conveniently and accurately estimate the exposure dose in irradiated organism.

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  • Authors: Burong Hu; Ya Xiong Chen; Ya Rong Du; Rong Jia;

    To obtain precise data on the changes in the levels of 29 cytokines in mice after high or low linear energy transfer (LET) irradiation and to develop an accurate model of radiation exposure based on the cytokine levels after irradiation.Plasma samples harvested from mice at different time points after carbon-ion or X-ray irradiation were analyzed using meso-scale discovery (MSD), a high-throughput and sensitive electrochemiluminescence measurement technique. Dose estimation equations were set up using multiple linear regression analysis.The relative levels of IL-6 at 1 h, IL-5 and IL-6 at 24 h, and IL-5, IL-6 and IL-15 at 7 d after irradiation with two intensities increased dose-dependently. The minimum measured levels of IL-5, IL-6 and IL-15 were up to 4.0076 pg/mL, 16.4538 pg/mL and 0.4150 pg/mL, respectively. In addition, dose estimation models were established and verified.The MSD assay can provide more accurate data regarding the changes in the levels of the cytokines IL-5, IL-6 and IL-15. These cytokines could meet the essential criteria for radiosensitive biomarkers and can be used as radiation indicators. Our prediction models can conveniently and accurately estimate the exposure dose in irradiated organism.

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  • Authors: Yanhong Wu;

    Résumé. La température de l'eau de surface des lacs (LSWT) est une propriété physique essentielle de l'écosystème aquatique et un indicateur évident du changement climatique. En combinant les forces de l'observation et de la modélisation par satellite, nous avons produit un LSWT quotidien intégré pour 160 lacs à travers le plateau tibétain où l'observation in situ est limitée. Le LSWT moyen à l'échelle du lac basé sur MODIS dans l'ensemble de données intégré comprend la moyenne diurne, nocturne et quotidienne pour la période 2000-2017. Le LSWT quotidien moyen basé sur MODIS est utilisé pour calibrer un modèle physique simplifié (c'est-à-dire un modèle air2water modifié), sur lequel un ensemble de données LSWT quotidien complet et cohérent est reconstruit pour la période 1978-2017. L'ensemble de données LSWT reconstruit est validé en le comparant aux observations satellitaires et in situ. La validation montre que le LSWT reconstruit est en bon accord avec les observations. Selon l'ensemble de données LSWT reconstruit, le LSWT annuel des lacs du plateau tibétain a augmenté de manière significative au cours de la période 1978-2017 avec un taux d'augmentation allant de 0,01Â à 0,47 Câ Câ par tranche de 10 Â ans. Le taux de réchauffement est plus élevé en hiver qu'en été. L'ensemble de données intégré est unique pour sa portée temporelle relativement grande (1978-2017) et sa haute résolution temporelle. L'ensemble de données ainsi que les méthodes développées peuvent contribuer à la recherche dans l'exploration des changements de l'équilibre hydrique et thermique et des effets écologiques qui en découlent sur le plateau tibétain. Les données de cette étude sont ouvertement disponibles via le portail Zenodo, avec DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6637526 (Guo et al., 2022). Resumen. La temperatura del agua superficial del lago (LSWT) es una propiedad física crítica del ecosistema acuático y un indicador evidente del cambio climático. Al combinar las fortalezas de la observación y el modelado basados en satélites, hemos producido un LSWT diario integrado para 160 lagos en la meseta tibetana donde la observación in situ es limitada. El LSWT medio de todo el lago basado en MODIS en el conjunto de datos integrado incluye la media diurna, nocturna y diaria para el período 2000-2017. El LSWT medio diario basado en MODIS se utiliza para calibrar un modelo simplificado basado en la física (es decir, modelo air2water modificado), sobre el cual se reconstruye un conjunto de datos LSWT diario completo y consistente para el período 1978-2017. El conjunto de datos LSWT reconstruido se valida comparándolo con las observaciones satelitales e in situ. La validación muestra que el LSWT reconstruido está en buena concordancia con lo observado. De acuerdo con el conjunto de datos LSWT reconstruido, el LSWT anual de los lagos en la meseta tibetana ha aumentado significativamente en el período 1978-2017 con una tasa de aumento que oscila entre 0,01 y 0,47 C por 10 años. La tasa de calentamiento es mayor en invierno que en verano. El conjunto de datos integrado es único por su intervalo temporoespacial relativamente grande (1978-2017) y su alta resolución temporal. El conjunto de datos junto con los métodos desarrollados pueden contribuir a la investigación en la exploración de los cambios en el equilibrio hídrico y térmico y los consiguientes efectos ecológicos en la meseta tibetana. Los datos de este estudio están disponibles abiertamente a través del portal Zenodo, con DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6637526 (Guo et al., 2022). Abstract. Lake surface water temperature (LSWT) is a critical physical property of the aquatic ecosystem and an evident indicator of climate change. By combining the strengths of satellite-based observation and modeling, we have produced an integrated daily LSWT for 160 lakes across the Tibetan Plateau where in situ observation is limited. The MODIS-based lake-wide mean LSWT in the integrated dataset includes the daytime, nighttime, and daily mean for the period 2000–2017. The MODIS-based daily mean LSWT is used to calibrate a simplified physically based model (i.e., modified air2water model), upon which a complete and consistent daily LSWT dataset is reconstructed for the period 1978–2017. The reconstructed LSWT dataset is validated by comparing it with both the satellite-based and in situ observations. The validation shows that the reconstructed LSWT is in good agreement with the observations. According to the reconstructed LSWT dataset, the annual LSWT of lakes in the Tibetan Plateau has increased significantly in the period 1978–2017 with an increase rate ranging from 0.01 to 0.47 ∘C per 10 years. The warming rate is higher in winter than in summer. The integrated dataset is unique for its relatively large temporospatial span (1978–2017) and high temporal resolution. The dataset together with the methods developed can contribute to research in exploring water and heat balance changes and the consequent ecological effects at the Tibetan Plateau. Data from this study are openly available via the Zenodo portal, with DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6637526 (Guo et al., 2022). الخلاصة. تعد درجة حرارة المياه السطحية للبحيرات (LSWT) خاصية فيزيائية حرجة للنظام البيئي المائي ومؤشرًا واضحًا لتغير المناخ. من خلال الجمع بين نقاط القوة في المراقبة والنمذجة القائمة على الأقمار الصناعية، قمنا بإنتاج LSWT يومي متكامل لبحيرات 160 درجة عبر هضبة التبت حيث تكون المراقبة في الموقع محدودة. يشمل متوسط LSWT على مستوى البحيرة القائم على MODIS في مجموعة البيانات المدمجة النهار والليل والمتوسط اليومي للفترة من 2000 إلى 2017. يتم استخدام المتوسط اليومي LSWT القائم على MODIS لمعايرة نموذج مبسط قائم على الفيزياء (أي نموذج air2water المعدل)، والذي يتم على أساسه إعادة بناء مجموعة بيانات LSWT يومية كاملة ومتسقة للفترة 1978-2017. يتم التحقق من صحة مجموعة بيانات LSWT المعاد بناؤها من خلال مقارنتها بكل من الملاحظات الساتلية وفي الموقع. يُظهر التحقق أن LSWT المعاد بناؤه يتفق بشكل جيد مع الملاحظات. وفقًا لمجموعة بيانات LSWT المعاد بناؤها، زاد LSWT السنوي للبحيرات في هضبة التبت بشكل كبير في الفترة من 1978 إلى 2017 بمعدل زيادة يتراوح من 0.01 إلى 0.47 درجة مئوية لكل 10 سنوات. معدل الاحترار أعلى في الشتاء منه في الصيف. تعتبر مجموعة البيانات المتكاملة فريدة من نوعها بسبب نطاقها الزماني المكاني الكبير نسبيًا (1978-2017) ودقتها الزمنية العالية. يمكن أن تساهم مجموعة البيانات جنبًا إلى جنب مع الأساليب المطورة في البحث في استكشاف تغيرات توازن المياه والحرارة وما يترتب على ذلك من آثار بيئية في هضبة التبت. البيانات من هذه الدراسة متاحة علنًا عبر بوابة زينودو، مع DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6637526 (Guo et al.، 2022).

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  • Authors: Yanhong Wu;

    Résumé. La température de l'eau de surface des lacs (LSWT) est une propriété physique essentielle de l'écosystème aquatique et un indicateur évident du changement climatique. En combinant les forces de l'observation et de la modélisation par satellite, nous avons produit un LSWT quotidien intégré pour 160 lacs à travers le plateau tibétain où l'observation in situ est limitée. Le LSWT moyen à l'échelle du lac basé sur MODIS dans l'ensemble de données intégré comprend la moyenne diurne, nocturne et quotidienne pour la période 2000-2017. Le LSWT quotidien moyen basé sur MODIS est utilisé pour calibrer un modèle physique simplifié (c'est-à-dire un modèle air2water modifié), sur lequel un ensemble de données LSWT quotidien complet et cohérent est reconstruit pour la période 1978-2017. L'ensemble de données LSWT reconstruit est validé en le comparant aux observations satellitaires et in situ. La validation montre que le LSWT reconstruit est en bon accord avec les observations. Selon l'ensemble de données LSWT reconstruit, le LSWT annuel des lacs du plateau tibétain a augmenté de manière significative au cours de la période 1978-2017 avec un taux d'augmentation allant de 0,01Â à 0,47 Câ Câ par tranche de 10 Â ans. Le taux de réchauffement est plus élevé en hiver qu'en été. L'ensemble de données intégré est unique pour sa portée temporelle relativement grande (1978-2017) et sa haute résolution temporelle. L'ensemble de données ainsi que les méthodes développées peuvent contribuer à la recherche dans l'exploration des changements de l'équilibre hydrique et thermique et des effets écologiques qui en découlent sur le plateau tibétain. Les données de cette étude sont ouvertement disponibles via le portail Zenodo, avec DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6637526 (Guo et al., 2022). Resumen. La temperatura del agua superficial del lago (LSWT) es una propiedad física crítica del ecosistema acuático y un indicador evidente del cambio climático. Al combinar las fortalezas de la observación y el modelado basados en satélites, hemos producido un LSWT diario integrado para 160 lagos en la meseta tibetana donde la observación in situ es limitada. El LSWT medio de todo el lago basado en MODIS en el conjunto de datos integrado incluye la media diurna, nocturna y diaria para el período 2000-2017. El LSWT medio diario basado en MODIS se utiliza para calibrar un modelo simplificado basado en la física (es decir, modelo air2water modificado), sobre el cual se reconstruye un conjunto de datos LSWT diario completo y consistente para el período 1978-2017. El conjunto de datos LSWT reconstruido se valida comparándolo con las observaciones satelitales e in situ. La validación muestra que el LSWT reconstruido está en buena concordancia con lo observado. De acuerdo con el conjunto de datos LSWT reconstruido, el LSWT anual de los lagos en la meseta tibetana ha aumentado significativamente en el período 1978-2017 con una tasa de aumento que oscila entre 0,01 y 0,47 C por 10 años. La tasa de calentamiento es mayor en invierno que en verano. El conjunto de datos integrado es único por su intervalo temporoespacial relativamente grande (1978-2017) y su alta resolución temporal. El conjunto de datos junto con los métodos desarrollados pueden contribuir a la investigación en la exploración de los cambios en el equilibrio hídrico y térmico y los consiguientes efectos ecológicos en la meseta tibetana. Los datos de este estudio están disponibles abiertamente a través del portal Zenodo, con DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6637526 (Guo et al., 2022). Abstract. Lake surface water temperature (LSWT) is a critical physical property of the aquatic ecosystem and an evident indicator of climate change. By combining the strengths of satellite-based observation and modeling, we have produced an integrated daily LSWT for 160 lakes across the Tibetan Plateau where in situ observation is limited. The MODIS-based lake-wide mean LSWT in the integrated dataset includes the daytime, nighttime, and daily mean for the period 2000–2017. The MODIS-based daily mean LSWT is used to calibrate a simplified physically based model (i.e., modified air2water model), upon which a complete and consistent daily LSWT dataset is reconstructed for the period 1978–2017. The reconstructed LSWT dataset is validated by comparing it with both the satellite-based and in situ observations. The validation shows that the reconstructed LSWT is in good agreement with the observations. According to the reconstructed LSWT dataset, the annual LSWT of lakes in the Tibetan Plateau has increased significantly in the period 1978–2017 with an increase rate ranging from 0.01 to 0.47 ∘C per 10 years. The warming rate is higher in winter than in summer. The integrated dataset is unique for its relatively large temporospatial span (1978–2017) and high temporal resolution. The dataset together with the methods developed can contribute to research in exploring water and heat balance changes and the consequent ecological effects at the Tibetan Plateau. Data from this study are openly available via the Zenodo portal, with DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6637526 (Guo et al., 2022). الخلاصة. تعد درجة حرارة المياه السطحية للبحيرات (LSWT) خاصية فيزيائية حرجة للنظام البيئي المائي ومؤشرًا واضحًا لتغير المناخ. من خلال الجمع بين نقاط القوة في المراقبة والنمذجة القائمة على الأقمار الصناعية، قمنا بإنتاج LSWT يومي متكامل لبحيرات 160 درجة عبر هضبة التبت حيث تكون المراقبة في الموقع محدودة. يشمل متوسط LSWT على مستوى البحيرة القائم على MODIS في مجموعة البيانات المدمجة النهار والليل والمتوسط اليومي للفترة من 2000 إلى 2017. يتم استخدام المتوسط اليومي LSWT القائم على MODIS لمعايرة نموذج مبسط قائم على الفيزياء (أي نموذج air2water المعدل)، والذي يتم على أساسه إعادة بناء مجموعة بيانات LSWT يومية كاملة ومتسقة للفترة 1978-2017. يتم التحقق من صحة مجموعة بيانات LSWT المعاد بناؤها من خلال مقارنتها بكل من الملاحظات الساتلية وفي الموقع. يُظهر التحقق أن LSWT المعاد بناؤه يتفق بشكل جيد مع الملاحظات. وفقًا لمجموعة بيانات LSWT المعاد بناؤها، زاد LSWT السنوي للبحيرات في هضبة التبت بشكل كبير في الفترة من 1978 إلى 2017 بمعدل زيادة يتراوح من 0.01 إلى 0.47 درجة مئوية لكل 10 سنوات. معدل الاحترار أعلى في الشتاء منه في الصيف. تعتبر مجموعة البيانات المتكاملة فريدة من نوعها بسبب نطاقها الزماني المكاني الكبير نسبيًا (1978-2017) ودقتها الزمنية العالية. يمكن أن تساهم مجموعة البيانات جنبًا إلى جنب مع الأساليب المطورة في البحث في استكشاف تغيرات توازن المياه والحرارة وما يترتب على ذلك من آثار بيئية في هضبة التبت. البيانات من هذه الدراسة متاحة علنًا عبر بوابة زينودو، مع DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6637526 (Guo et al.، 2022).

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  • Authors: Xiaodan Zhao; Ru San Tan; Pankaj Garg; Ping Chai; +17 Authors

    Archivo adicional 2: Películas que muestran vistas de cuatro cámaras con cuatro componentes de flujo del ventrículo derecho (VD) utilizando el trazado de partículas en un sujeto normal de 29 años, un sujeto normal de 36 años, un sujeto normal de 49 años, un sujeto normal de 55 años y un sujeto normal de 64 años. Los círculos amarillos denotan los contornos del VR de las pilas de vistas de ejes cortos. Leyenda de color: verde (flujo directo de VD), amarillo (flujo de entrada retenido de VD), azul (flujo de eyección retardado de VD), rojo (volumen residual de VD). Fichier supplémentaire 2 : Films montrant des vues à quatre chambres avec quatre composantes de flux du ventricule droit (VR) en utilisant le traçage des particules chez un sujet normal de 29 ans, un sujet normal de 36 ans, un sujet normal de 49 ans, un sujet normal de 55 ans et un sujet normal de 64 ans. Les cercles jaunes indiquent les contours du VR à partir de piles de vues à axe court. Légende des couleurs : vert (flux direct du VR), jaune (flux entrant retenu du VR), bleu (flux d'éjection retardé du VR), rouge (volume résiduel du VR). ملف إضافي 2: أفلام تعرض مناظر من أربع غرف مع البطين الأيمن (RV) أربعة مكونات تدفق باستخدام تتبع الجسيمات في شخص طبيعي يبلغ من العمر 29 عامًا، وشخص طبيعي يبلغ من العمر 36 عامًا، وشخص طبيعي يبلغ من العمر 49 عامًا، وشخص طبيعي يبلغ من العمر 55 عامًا وشخص طبيعي يبلغ من العمر 64 عامًا. تشير الدوائر الصفراء إلى محيط البطين الأيمن من أكوام المناظر ذات المحور القصير. مفتاح الألوان: أخضر (تدفق مباشر للبطين الأيمن)، أصفر (تدفق داخلي محتجز للبطين الأيمن)، أزرق (تدفق طرد متأخر للبطين الأيمن)، أحمر (الحجم المتبقي للبطين الأيمن). Additional file 2: Movies showing four-chamber views with right ventricle (RV) four flow components using particle tracing in a 29-year-old normal subject, a 36-year-old normal subject, a 49-year-old normal subject, a 55-year-old normal subject and a 64-year-old normal subject. Yellow circles denote the RV contours from stacks of short axis views. Color legend: green (RV direct flow), yellow (RV retained inflow), blue (RV delayed ejection flow), red (RV residual volume).

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  • Authors: Xiaodan Zhao; Ru San Tan; Pankaj Garg; Ping Chai; +17 Authors

    Archivo adicional 2: Películas que muestran vistas de cuatro cámaras con cuatro componentes de flujo del ventrículo derecho (VD) utilizando el trazado de partículas en un sujeto normal de 29 años, un sujeto normal de 36 años, un sujeto normal de 49 años, un sujeto normal de 55 años y un sujeto normal de 64 años. Los círculos amarillos denotan los contornos del VR de las pilas de vistas de ejes cortos. Leyenda de color: verde (flujo directo de VD), amarillo (flujo de entrada retenido de VD), azul (flujo de eyección retardado de VD), rojo (volumen residual de VD). Fichier supplémentaire 2 : Films montrant des vues à quatre chambres avec quatre composantes de flux du ventricule droit (VR) en utilisant le traçage des particules chez un sujet normal de 29 ans, un sujet normal de 36 ans, un sujet normal de 49 ans, un sujet normal de 55 ans et un sujet normal de 64 ans. Les cercles jaunes indiquent les contours du VR à partir de piles de vues à axe court. Légende des couleurs : vert (flux direct du VR), jaune (flux entrant retenu du VR), bleu (flux d'éjection retardé du VR), rouge (volume résiduel du VR). ملف إضافي 2: أفلام تعرض مناظر من أربع غرف مع البطين الأيمن (RV) أربعة مكونات تدفق باستخدام تتبع الجسيمات في شخص طبيعي يبلغ من العمر 29 عامًا، وشخص طبيعي يبلغ من العمر 36 عامًا، وشخص طبيعي يبلغ من العمر 49 عامًا، وشخص طبيعي يبلغ من العمر 55 عامًا وشخص طبيعي يبلغ من العمر 64 عامًا. تشير الدوائر الصفراء إلى محيط البطين الأيمن من أكوام المناظر ذات المحور القصير. مفتاح الألوان: أخضر (تدفق مباشر للبطين الأيمن)، أصفر (تدفق داخلي محتجز للبطين الأيمن)، أزرق (تدفق طرد متأخر للبطين الأيمن)، أحمر (الحجم المتبقي للبطين الأيمن). Additional file 2: Movies showing four-chamber views with right ventricle (RV) four flow components using particle tracing in a 29-year-old normal subject, a 36-year-old normal subject, a 49-year-old normal subject, a 55-year-old normal subject and a 64-year-old normal subject. Yellow circles denote the RV contours from stacks of short axis views. Color legend: green (RV direct flow), yellow (RV retained inflow), blue (RV delayed ejection flow), red (RV residual volume).

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  • Authors: Ming-Ming Li; Gang Li;

    Based on 98 Chinese pine (Pinus tabuliformis) tree-ring width data, normalized diffe-rence vegetation index (NDVI) data and land cover data in the Helan Mountains, we used VS-oscilloscope model to simulate the radial growth process of Chinese pine and to examine the relationship between vegetation canopy phenology and tree cambium phenology. Results showed that the end of season (EOS) of the vegetation canopy was significantly correlated with the EOS of the Chinese pine cambium. Such correlation was stronger than that between grassland and cambium. The start of season (SOS) and EOS of Chinese pine were related to the averaged minimum temperature in May-June and August-September, respectively. When the average minimum temperature in May-June increased by 1 ℃, SOS would be advanced by 4.3 days. The averaged minimum temperature in August-September increased by 1 ℃, EOS would be delayed by 2.6 days. The correlation between the phenology of vegetation canopy and the phenology of the cambium in Chinese pine differed among vegetation types. Simulating tree growth dynamics only through a tree-ring physiology model might lead to biased results. Using remote sensing monitoring data to combine canopy development and cambium growth would help to more accurately understand tree growth dynamics.

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  • Authors: Ming-Ming Li; Gang Li;

    Based on 98 Chinese pine (Pinus tabuliformis) tree-ring width data, normalized diffe-rence vegetation index (NDVI) data and land cover data in the Helan Mountains, we used VS-oscilloscope model to simulate the radial growth process of Chinese pine and to examine the relationship between vegetation canopy phenology and tree cambium phenology. Results showed that the end of season (EOS) of the vegetation canopy was significantly correlated with the EOS of the Chinese pine cambium. Such correlation was stronger than that between grassland and cambium. The start of season (SOS) and EOS of Chinese pine were related to the averaged minimum temperature in May-June and August-September, respectively. When the average minimum temperature in May-June increased by 1 ℃, SOS would be advanced by 4.3 days. The averaged minimum temperature in August-September increased by 1 ℃, EOS would be delayed by 2.6 days. The correlation between the phenology of vegetation canopy and the phenology of the cambium in Chinese pine differed among vegetation types. Simulating tree growth dynamics only through a tree-ring physiology model might lead to biased results. Using remote sensing monitoring data to combine canopy development and cambium growth would help to more accurately understand tree growth dynamics.

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  • Authors: Daniel Falaschi; Atanu Bhattacharya; Grégoire Guillet; Lei Huang; +5 Authors

    Este conjunto de datos proporciona valores atípicos de cambio de elevación (en metros) eliminados y llenos de huecos de los glaciares en el Muztagh Ata y el macizo occidental de Nyainqentanglha en la Alta Montaña de Asia de 2020 a 2022. Cet ensemble de données fournit des valeurs aberrantes de changement d'altitude (en mètres) des glaciers dans le massif du Muztagh Ata et du Nyainqentanglha occidental en Asie de haute montagne de 2020 à 2022. This data set provides outlier removed, gap filled elevation change values (in meters) of the glaciers in the Muztagh Ata and Western Nyainqentanglha massif in High Mountain Asia from 2020 to 2022. توفر مجموعة البيانات هذه قيم تغيير الارتفاع المملوءة بالفجوة (بالأمتار) للأنهار الجليدية في جبل مزطغ آتا وغرب نياينكينتانغلها في آسيا الجبلية العالية من عام 2020 إلى عام 2022.

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  • Authors: Daniel Falaschi; Atanu Bhattacharya; Grégoire Guillet; Lei Huang; +5 Authors

    Este conjunto de datos proporciona valores atípicos de cambio de elevación (en metros) eliminados y llenos de huecos de los glaciares en el Muztagh Ata y el macizo occidental de Nyainqentanglha en la Alta Montaña de Asia de 2020 a 2022. Cet ensemble de données fournit des valeurs aberrantes de changement d'altitude (en mètres) des glaciers dans le massif du Muztagh Ata et du Nyainqentanglha occidental en Asie de haute montagne de 2020 à 2022. This data set provides outlier removed, gap filled elevation change values (in meters) of the glaciers in the Muztagh Ata and Western Nyainqentanglha massif in High Mountain Asia from 2020 to 2022. توفر مجموعة البيانات هذه قيم تغيير الارتفاع المملوءة بالفجوة (بالأمتار) للأنهار الجليدية في جبل مزطغ آتا وغرب نياينكينتانغلها في آسيا الجبلية العالية من عام 2020 إلى عام 2022.

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    Authors: Jialei Li; Hongbin He; Qinghua Zeng; Liding Chen; +1 Authors

    This dataset includes annual soil conservation capacities and their impact factors in China from 1992 to 2019. These data are developed based on an improved RUSLE model to estimate potential and controlled soil erosion in China from 1992 to 2019. As important input factors, the vegetation cover and management (C) factor and rainfall erosivity (R) factor are optimized for different regions. The C-factor is optimized according to each province's farmland and non-farmland conditions. The R-factor is calculated for karst and non-karst areas separately using daily precipitation. The dataset contains nine zip files (“.rar”), which can be divided into comprehensive data and detailed data. Comprehensive data include mean values and changing rates of soil conservation capacity (SC1992-2019), the C-factor (C1992-2019), and the R-factor (R1992-2019) in China from 1992 to 2019. Detailed data include the water and soil conservation measure factor data (P_300), the soil erodibility factor data (K_300), the topographic factor data (LS_300), the R-factor data in two-year increments (R_year), the C-factor data in two-year increments (C_year), and the SC data in two-year increments (SC_year). Most data have a spatial resolution of 300 m (the resolution of the R-factor is 1 km). All the data in the zip files are raster data (“.tif”), which can be opened by GIS software like ArcMap. This dataset can support large-scale and long-term assessment of soil and water conservation potential in China. It also can serve as a basis for identifying the impacts of climate change and human activities on soil conservation services. This dataset includes annual soil conservation capacities and their impact factors in China from 1992 to 2019. These data are developed based on an improved RUSLE model to estimate potential and controlled soil erosion in China from 1992 to 2019. As important input factors, the vegetation cover and management (C) factor and rainfall erosivity (R) factor are optimized for different regions. The C-factor is optimized according to each province's farmland and non-farmland conditions. The R-factor is calculated for karst and non-karst areas separately using daily precipitation. The dataset contains nine zip files (“.rar”), which can be divided into comprehensive data and detailed data. Comprehensive data include mean values and changing rates of soil conservation capacity (SC1992-2019), the C-factor (C1992-2019), and the R-factor (R1992-2019) in China from 1992 to 2019. Detailed data include the water and soil conservation measure factor data (P_300), the soil erodibility factor data (K_300), the topographic factor data (LS_300), the R-factor data in two-year increments (R_year), the C-factor data in two-year increments (C_year), and the SC data in two-year increments (SC_year). Most data have a spatial resolution of 300 m (the resolution of the R-factor is 1 km). All the data in the zip files are raster data (“.tif”), which can be opened by GIS software like ArcMap. This dataset can support large-scale and long-term assessment of soil and water conservation potential in China. It also can serve as a basis for identifying the impacts of climate change and human activities on soil conservation services.

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    https://dx.doi.org/10.57760/sc...
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    Authors: Jialei Li; Hongbin He; Qinghua Zeng; Liding Chen; +1 Authors

    This dataset includes annual soil conservation capacities and their impact factors in China from 1992 to 2019. These data are developed based on an improved RUSLE model to estimate potential and controlled soil erosion in China from 1992 to 2019. As important input factors, the vegetation cover and management (C) factor and rainfall erosivity (R) factor are optimized for different regions. The C-factor is optimized according to each province's farmland and non-farmland conditions. The R-factor is calculated for karst and non-karst areas separately using daily precipitation. The dataset contains nine zip files (“.rar”), which can be divided into comprehensive data and detailed data. Comprehensive data include mean values and changing rates of soil conservation capacity (SC1992-2019), the C-factor (C1992-2019), and the R-factor (R1992-2019) in China from 1992 to 2019. Detailed data include the water and soil conservation measure factor data (P_300), the soil erodibility factor data (K_300), the topographic factor data (LS_300), the R-factor data in two-year increments (R_year), the C-factor data in two-year increments (C_year), and the SC data in two-year increments (SC_year). Most data have a spatial resolution of 300 m (the resolution of the R-factor is 1 km). All the data in the zip files are raster data (“.tif”), which can be opened by GIS software like ArcMap. This dataset can support large-scale and long-term assessment of soil and water conservation potential in China. It also can serve as a basis for identifying the impacts of climate change and human activities on soil conservation services. This dataset includes annual soil conservation capacities and their impact factors in China from 1992 to 2019. These data are developed based on an improved RUSLE model to estimate potential and controlled soil erosion in China from 1992 to 2019. As important input factors, the vegetation cover and management (C) factor and rainfall erosivity (R) factor are optimized for different regions. The C-factor is optimized according to each province's farmland and non-farmland conditions. The R-factor is calculated for karst and non-karst areas separately using daily precipitation. The dataset contains nine zip files (“.rar”), which can be divided into comprehensive data and detailed data. Comprehensive data include mean values and changing rates of soil conservation capacity (SC1992-2019), the C-factor (C1992-2019), and the R-factor (R1992-2019) in China from 1992 to 2019. Detailed data include the water and soil conservation measure factor data (P_300), the soil erodibility factor data (K_300), the topographic factor data (LS_300), the R-factor data in two-year increments (R_year), the C-factor data in two-year increments (C_year), and the SC data in two-year increments (SC_year). Most data have a spatial resolution of 300 m (the resolution of the R-factor is 1 km). All the data in the zip files are raster data (“.tif”), which can be opened by GIS software like ArcMap. This dataset can support large-scale and long-term assessment of soil and water conservation potential in China. It also can serve as a basis for identifying the impacts of climate change and human activities on soil conservation services.

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    https://dx.doi.org/10.57760/sc...
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.57760/sc...
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    Climate trends during wheat growing period and their impacts on spring wheat yield in Huang-huai Plain was investigated. This dataset contains: 1) information of stations in cultivation region for spring wheat in North China; 2) Trend in temperature and its effect on yield in cultivation region for spring wheat in North China; 3) Trend in radiation and its effect on yield in cultivation region for spring wheat in North China; 4) Trend in precipitation and its effect on yield in cultivation region for spring wheat in North China. Climate trends during wheat growing period and their impacts on spring wheat yield in Huang-huai Plain was investigated. This dataset contains: 1) information of stations in cultivation region for spring wheat in North China; 2) Trend in temperature and its effect on yield in cultivation region for spring wheat in North China; 3) Trend in radiation and its effect on yield in cultivation region for spring wheat in North China; 4) Trend in precipitation and its effect on yield in cultivation region for spring wheat in North China.

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    https://dx.doi.org/10.57760/sc...
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.57760/sc...
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.57760/sc...
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.57760/sc...
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    Climate trends during wheat growing period and their impacts on spring wheat yield in Huang-huai Plain was investigated. This dataset contains: 1) information of stations in cultivation region for spring wheat in North China; 2) Trend in temperature and its effect on yield in cultivation region for spring wheat in North China; 3) Trend in radiation and its effect on yield in cultivation region for spring wheat in North China; 4) Trend in precipitation and its effect on yield in cultivation region for spring wheat in North China. Climate trends during wheat growing period and their impacts on spring wheat yield in Huang-huai Plain was investigated. This dataset contains: 1) information of stations in cultivation region for spring wheat in North China; 2) Trend in temperature and its effect on yield in cultivation region for spring wheat in North China; 3) Trend in radiation and its effect on yield in cultivation region for spring wheat in North China; 4) Trend in precipitation and its effect on yield in cultivation region for spring wheat in North China.

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    https://dx.doi.org/10.57760/sc...
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.57760/sc...
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    Authors: Sun, Yuming; Alseekh, Saleh; Fernie, Alisdair;

    Plant secondary metabolites (SMs) play crucial roles in plant-environment interactions and contribute greatly to human health. Global climate changes are expected to dramatically affect plant secondary metabolism, yet a systematic understanding of such influences is still lacking. Here, we employed medicinal and aromatic plants (MAAPs) as model plant taxa and performed a meta-analysis from 360 publications using 1828 paired observations to assess the responses of different SMs levels and the accompanying plant traits to elevated carbon dioxide (eCO2), elevated temperature (eT), elevated nitrogen deposition (eN), and decreased precipitation (dP). The overall results showed that phenolic and terpenoid levels generally respond positively to eCO2 but negatively to eN, while the total alkaloid concentration was increased remarkably by eN. By contrast, dP promotes the levels of all SMs, while eT exclusively exerts a positive influence on the levels of phenolic compounds. Further analysis highlighted the dependence of SM responses on different moderators such as plant functional types, climate change levels or exposure durations, mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation. Moreover, plant phenolic and terpenoid responses to climate changes could be attributed to the variations in C/N ratio and total soluble sugar levels, while the trade-off supposition contributed to SM responses to climate changes other than eCO2. Taken together, our results predicted the distinctive SM responses to diverse climate changes in MAAPs, and allowed us to define potential moderators responsible for these variations. Further, linking SM responses to C-N metabolism and growth-defence balance provided biological understandings in terms of plant secondary metabolic regulation. Peer-reviewed journal articles published online from January 1990 to March 2022 were searched using Web of Science (http://www.isiknowledge.com/), with the following terms: (global change OR climate change OR free-air carbon dioxide enrichment OR free-air CO2 enrichment OR elevated carbon dioxide OR elevated CO2 OR elevated atmospheric CO2 OR CO2 enrichment OR eCO2 OR atmospheric CO2 enrichment OR elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide OR carbon dioxide enrichment OR [carbon dioxide] OR nitrogen deposition OR nitrogen addition OR nitrogen application OR nitrogen fertiliz* OR nitrogen nutrition OR N deposition OR N addition OR N application OR N fertiliz* OR N nutrition OR changing precipitation OR increased precipitation OR decreased precipitation OR drought OR water stress OR water addition OR warming OR elevated temperature OR climate warming OR elevated temperature OR increased temperature) AND (medicinal plant OR aromatic plants). 

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    ZENODO
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    DRYAD
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    Authors: Sun, Yuming; Alseekh, Saleh; Fernie, Alisdair;

    Plant secondary metabolites (SMs) play crucial roles in plant-environment interactions and contribute greatly to human health. Global climate changes are expected to dramatically affect plant secondary metabolism, yet a systematic understanding of such influences is still lacking. Here, we employed medicinal and aromatic plants (MAAPs) as model plant taxa and performed a meta-analysis from 360 publications using 1828 paired observations to assess the responses of different SMs levels and the accompanying plant traits to elevated carbon dioxide (eCO2), elevated temperature (eT), elevated nitrogen deposition (eN), and decreased precipitation (dP). The overall results showed that phenolic and terpenoid levels generally respond positively to eCO2 but negatively to eN, while the total alkaloid concentration was increased remarkably by eN. By contrast, dP promotes the levels of all SMs, while eT exclusively exerts a positive influence on the levels of phenolic compounds. Further analysis highlighted the dependence of SM responses on different moderators such as plant functional types, climate change levels or exposure durations, mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation. Moreover, plant phenolic and terpenoid responses to climate changes could be attributed to the variations in C/N ratio and total soluble sugar levels, while the trade-off supposition contributed to SM responses to climate changes other than eCO2. Taken together, our results predicted the distinctive SM responses to diverse climate changes in MAAPs, and allowed us to define potential moderators responsible for these variations. Further, linking SM responses to C-N metabolism and growth-defence balance provided biological understandings in terms of plant secondary metabolic regulation. Peer-reviewed journal articles published online from January 1990 to March 2022 were searched using Web of Science (http://www.isiknowledge.com/), with the following terms: (global change OR climate change OR free-air carbon dioxide enrichment OR free-air CO2 enrichment OR elevated carbon dioxide OR elevated CO2 OR elevated atmospheric CO2 OR CO2 enrichment OR eCO2 OR atmospheric CO2 enrichment OR elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide OR carbon dioxide enrichment OR [carbon dioxide] OR nitrogen deposition OR nitrogen addition OR nitrogen application OR nitrogen fertiliz* OR nitrogen nutrition OR N deposition OR N addition OR N application OR N fertiliz* OR N nutrition OR changing precipitation OR increased precipitation OR decreased precipitation OR drought OR water stress OR water addition OR warming OR elevated temperature OR climate warming OR elevated temperature OR increased temperature) AND (medicinal plant OR aromatic plants). 

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    ZENODO
    Dataset . 2022
    License: CC 0
    Data sources: ZENODO
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    ZENODO
    Dataset . 2022
    License: CC 0
    Data sources: ZENODO
    DRYAD
    Dataset . 2022
    License: CC 0
    Data sources: Datacite
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      ZENODO
      Dataset . 2022
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      Data sources: ZENODO
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      ZENODO
      Dataset . 2022
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      Data sources: ZENODO
      DRYAD
      Dataset . 2022
      License: CC 0
      Data sources: Datacite
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  • Authors: Jingjuan Liao;

    Le plateau tibétain du Qinghai (QTP), connu sous le nom de toit du monde et de tour d'eau d'Asie, compte le plus grand nombre de lacs au monde, et en raison de son altitude élevée et de la quasi-absence de perturbations par l'activité humaine, le plateau est depuis longtemps un site important pour l'étude du changement climatique mondial. Les stations hydrologiques ne peuvent pas être facilement installées dans cette région, et les données des jauges in situ ne sont pas toujours accessibles au public. L'altimétrie radar par satellite est devenue une alternative très importante aux observations in situ en tant que source de données. L'estimation des niveaux d'eau des lacs par altimétrie radar est souvent limitée par la couverture temporelle et spatiale et, par conséquent, les données multi-altimétriques sont souvent utilisées pour surveiller les niveaux des lacs. Limitée par la précision du traitement des formes d'onde et la période d'intervalle entre les différentes missions d'altimétrie, la précision et la fréquence d'échantillonnage des séries de niveaux d'eau sont généralement faibles. En traitant et en fusionnant les données de huit missions altimétriques différentes, les ensembles de données développés ont fourni les changements de niveau d'eau pour 362 lacs (plus de 10 km2) dans le QTP de 2002 à 2021. La période de la série des changements de niveau des lacs, qui offre une grande précision, peut être beaucoup plus longue pour de nombreux systèmes lacustres. Les ensembles de données actuels et les approches associées sont utiles pour calculer les changements dans le stockage des lacs, les analyses de tendance des niveaux des lacs, la surveillance à court terme du débordement des lacs, les catastrophes d'inondation sur le plateau et les relations entre les changements dans les écosystèmes lacustres et les changements dans les ressources en eau. La meseta del Tíbet de Qinghai (QTP), conocida como el Techo del Mundo y la Torre de Agua de Asia, tiene el mayor número de lagos del mundo, y debido a su gran altitud y casi ausencia de perturbaciones por la actividad humana, la meseta ha sido durante mucho tiempo un sitio importante para estudiar el cambio climático global. Las estaciones hidrológicas no se pueden instalar fácilmente en esta región, y los datos de los indicadores in situ no siempre son de acceso público. La altimetría por radar satelital se ha convertido en una alternativa muy importante a los observatorios in situ como fuente de datos. La estimación de los niveles de agua de los lagos a través de la altimetría por radar a menudo está limitada por la cobertura temporal y espacial y, por lo tanto, los datos de múltiples altímetros a menudo se utilizan para monitorear los niveles de los lagos. Restringido por la precisión del procesamiento de la forma de onda y el período de intervalo entre diferentes misiones de altimetría, la precisión y la frecuencia de muestreo de las series de nivel de agua suelen ser bajas. Al procesar y fusionar datos de ocho misiones de altimetría diferentes, los conjuntos de datos desarrollados proporcionaron los cambios en el nivel del agua para 362 lagos (más de 10 km2) en el QTP de 2002 a 2021. El período para la serie de cambio de nivel de lago, que ofrece una alta precisión, puede ser mucho más largo para muchos sistemas lacustres. Los conjuntos de datos actuales y los enfoques asociados son valiosos para calcular los cambios en el almacenamiento de los lagos, los análisis de tendencias de los niveles de los lagos, el monitoreo a corto plazo del desbordamiento de los lagos, los desastres de inundaciones en la meseta y las relaciones entre los cambios en los ecosistemas lacustres y los cambios en los recursos hídricos. The Qinghai Tibet Plateau (QTP), known as the Roof of the World and the Water Tower of Asia, has the largest number of lakes in the world, and because of its high altitude and near absence of disturbances by human activity, the plateau has long been an important site for studying global climate change. Hydrological stations cannot be readily set up in this region, and in situ gauge data are not always publicly accessible. Satellite radar altimetry has become a very important alternative to in situ observations as a source of data. Estimation of the water levels of lakes via radar altimetry is often limited by temporal and spatial coverage, and, therefore, multi-altimeter data are often used to monitor lake levels. Restricted by the accuracy of waveform processing and the interval period between different altimetry missions, the accuracy and the sampling frequency of the water level series are typically low. By processing and merging data from eight different altimetry missions, the developed datasets provided the water level changes for 362 lakes (larger than 10 km2) in the QTP from 2002 to 2021. The period for the lake level change series, which affords high accuracy, can be much longer for many lake systems. The present datasets and associated approaches are valuable for calculating the changes in lake storage, trend analyses of the lake levels, short-term monitoring of the overflow of lakes, flooding disasters on the plateau, and the relationships between changes in the lake ecosystems and changes in the water resources. تحتوي هضبة تشينغهاي التبتية (QTP)، المعروفة باسم سقف العالم وبرج المياه في آسيا، على أكبر عدد من البحيرات في العالم، وبسبب ارتفاعها المرتفع وشبه غياب الاضطرابات الناجمة عن النشاط البشري، كانت الهضبة منذ فترة طويلة موقعًا مهمًا لدراسة تغير المناخ العالمي. لا يمكن إنشاء المحطات الهيدرولوجية بسهولة في هذه المنطقة، ولا يمكن دائمًا الوصول إلى بيانات المقياس في الموقع للجمهور. أصبح قياس الارتفاع بالرادار الساتلي بديلاً مهمًا جدًا للملاحظات في الموقع كمصدر للبيانات. غالبًا ما يكون تقدير مستويات المياه في البحيرات عن طريق قياس الارتفاعات بالرادار محدودًا بالتغطية الزمنية والمكانية، وبالتالي غالبًا ما تُستخدم البيانات متعددة المقاييس لرصد مستويات البحيرة. تكون دقة وتواتر أخذ العينات لسلسلة مستوى المياه منخفضة عادة بسبب دقة معالجة الشكل الموجي والفترة الفاصلة بين بعثات قياس الارتفاع المختلفة. من خلال معالجة ودمج البيانات من ثماني بعثات مختلفة لقياس الارتفاع، وفرت مجموعات البيانات المطورة تغييرات مستوى المياه لـ 362 بحيرة (أكبر من 10 كم 2) في QTP من 2002 إلى 2021. يمكن أن تكون فترة سلسلة التغيير على مستوى البحيرة، والتي توفر دقة عالية، أطول بكثير للعديد من أنظمة البحيرة. تعد مجموعات البيانات الحالية والنهج المرتبطة بها ذات قيمة لحساب التغيرات في تخزين البحيرة، وتحليلات الاتجاهات لمستويات البحيرة، والرصد قصير الأجل لتدفق البحيرات، وكوارث الفيضانات على الهضبة، والعلاقات بين التغيرات في النظم الإيكولوجية للبحيرة والتغيرات في الموارد المائية.

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  • Authors: Jingjuan Liao;

    Le plateau tibétain du Qinghai (QTP), connu sous le nom de toit du monde et de tour d'eau d'Asie, compte le plus grand nombre de lacs au monde, et en raison de son altitude élevée et de la quasi-absence de perturbations par l'activité humaine, le plateau est depuis longtemps un site important pour l'étude du changement climatique mondial. Les stations hydrologiques ne peuvent pas être facilement installées dans cette région, et les données des jauges in situ ne sont pas toujours accessibles au public. L'altimétrie radar par satellite est devenue une alternative très importante aux observations in situ en tant que source de données. L'estimation des niveaux d'eau des lacs par altimétrie radar est souvent limitée par la couverture temporelle et spatiale et, par conséquent, les données multi-altimétriques sont souvent utilisées pour surveiller les niveaux des lacs. Limitée par la précision du traitement des formes d'onde et la période d'intervalle entre les différentes missions d'altimétrie, la précision et la fréquence d'échantillonnage des séries de niveaux d'eau sont généralement faibles. En traitant et en fusionnant les données de huit missions altimétriques différentes, les ensembles de données développés ont fourni les changements de niveau d'eau pour 362 lacs (plus de 10 km2) dans le QTP de 2002 à 2021. La période de la série des changements de niveau des lacs, qui offre une grande précision, peut être beaucoup plus longue pour de nombreux systèmes lacustres. Les ensembles de données actuels et les approches associées sont utiles pour calculer les changements dans le stockage des lacs, les analyses de tendance des niveaux des lacs, la surveillance à court terme du débordement des lacs, les catastrophes d'inondation sur le plateau et les relations entre les changements dans les écosystèmes lacustres et les changements dans les ressources en eau. La meseta del Tíbet de Qinghai (QTP), conocida como el Techo del Mundo y la Torre de Agua de Asia, tiene el mayor número de lagos del mundo, y debido a su gran altitud y casi ausencia de perturbaciones por la actividad humana, la meseta ha sido durante mucho tiempo un sitio importante para estudiar el cambio climático global. Las estaciones hidrológicas no se pueden instalar fácilmente en esta región, y los datos de los indicadores in situ no siempre son de acceso público. La altimetría por radar satelital se ha convertido en una alternativa muy importante a los observatorios in situ como fuente de datos. La estimación de los niveles de agua de los lagos a través de la altimetría por radar a menudo está limitada por la cobertura temporal y espacial y, por lo tanto, los datos de múltiples altímetros a menudo se utilizan para monitorear los niveles de los lagos. Restringido por la precisión del procesamiento de la forma de onda y el período de intervalo entre diferentes misiones de altimetría, la precisión y la frecuencia de muestreo de las series de nivel de agua suelen ser bajas. Al procesar y fusionar datos de ocho misiones de altimetría diferentes, los conjuntos de datos desarrollados proporcionaron los cambios en el nivel del agua para 362 lagos (más de 10 km2) en el QTP de 2002 a 2021. El período para la serie de cambio de nivel de lago, que ofrece una alta precisión, puede ser mucho más largo para muchos sistemas lacustres. Los conjuntos de datos actuales y los enfoques asociados son valiosos para calcular los cambios en el almacenamiento de los lagos, los análisis de tendencias de los niveles de los lagos, el monitoreo a corto plazo del desbordamiento de los lagos, los desastres de inundaciones en la meseta y las relaciones entre los cambios en los ecosistemas lacustres y los cambios en los recursos hídricos. The Qinghai Tibet Plateau (QTP), known as the Roof of the World and the Water Tower of Asia, has the largest number of lakes in the world, and because of its high altitude and near absence of disturbances by human activity, the plateau has long been an important site for studying global climate change. Hydrological stations cannot be readily set up in this region, and in situ gauge data are not always publicly accessible. Satellite radar altimetry has become a very important alternative to in situ observations as a source of data. Estimation of the water levels of lakes via radar altimetry is often limited by temporal and spatial coverage, and, therefore, multi-altimeter data are often used to monitor lake levels. Restricted by the accuracy of waveform processing and the interval period between different altimetry missions, the accuracy and the sampling frequency of the water level series are typically low. By processing and merging data from eight different altimetry missions, the developed datasets provided the water level changes for 362 lakes (larger than 10 km2) in the QTP from 2002 to 2021. The period for the lake level change series, which affords high accuracy, can be much longer for many lake systems. The present datasets and associated approaches are valuable for calculating the changes in lake storage, trend analyses of the lake levels, short-term monitoring of the overflow of lakes, flooding disasters on the plateau, and the relationships between changes in the lake ecosystems and changes in the water resources. تحتوي هضبة تشينغهاي التبتية (QTP)، المعروفة باسم سقف العالم وبرج المياه في آسيا، على أكبر عدد من البحيرات في العالم، وبسبب ارتفاعها المرتفع وشبه غياب الاضطرابات الناجمة عن النشاط البشري، كانت الهضبة منذ فترة طويلة موقعًا مهمًا لدراسة تغير المناخ العالمي. لا يمكن إنشاء المحطات الهيدرولوجية بسهولة في هذه المنطقة، ولا يمكن دائمًا الوصول إلى بيانات المقياس في الموقع للجمهور. أصبح قياس الارتفاع بالرادار الساتلي بديلاً مهمًا جدًا للملاحظات في الموقع كمصدر للبيانات. غالبًا ما يكون تقدير مستويات المياه في البحيرات عن طريق قياس الارتفاعات بالرادار محدودًا بالتغطية الزمنية والمكانية، وبالتالي غالبًا ما تُستخدم البيانات متعددة المقاييس لرصد مستويات البحيرة. تكون دقة وتواتر أخذ العينات لسلسلة مستوى المياه منخفضة عادة بسبب دقة معالجة الشكل الموجي والفترة الفاصلة بين بعثات قياس الارتفاع المختلفة. من خلال معالجة ودمج البيانات من ثماني بعثات مختلفة لقياس الارتفاع، وفرت مجموعات البيانات المطورة تغييرات مستوى المياه لـ 362 بحيرة (أكبر من 10 كم 2) في QTP من 2002 إلى 2021. يمكن أن تكون فترة سلسلة التغيير على مستوى البحيرة، والتي توفر دقة عالية، أطول بكثير للعديد من أنظمة البحيرة. تعد مجموعات البيانات الحالية والنهج المرتبطة بها ذات قيمة لحساب التغيرات في تخزين البحيرة، وتحليلات الاتجاهات لمستويات البحيرة، والرصد قصير الأجل لتدفق البحيرات، وكوارث الفيضانات على الهضبة، والعلاقات بين التغيرات في النظم الإيكولوجية للبحيرة والتغيرات في الموارد المائية.

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  • Authors: Cheng-Cheng Meng; Xingguo Mo; Zhonghui Lin; Wen Liu; +2 Authors

    An in-depth understanding of variations in grassland productivity and forage-livestock balance is the basis of ecological barrier construction and ecosystem conservation in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Using an ecohydrological process-based model VIP with remotely sensed vegetation index and leaf area index, we simulated the spatial and temporal variations of grassland productivity in the Tibetan Plateau in 2000-2018. The variations in the status of forage-livestock balance at the county level were analyzed, combining with agriculture and animal husbandry statistics in the same period. The results showed that the mean annual net primary productivity (NPP) of grassland in the Tibetan Plateau was 158.4 g C·m-2·a-1, which had increased significantly in the past 20 years, with a significant increase in 44.7% of the total area. Climate warming, increased precipitation, prolonged growing season, and elevated carbon dioxide concentration were main driving forces for grassland productivity. The mean theoretical livestock carrying capacity estimated based on pasture yield was 1.17 SU·hm-2, with a growth rate of 0.011 SU·hm-2. The situation of overgrazing in the Tibetan Plateau had generally improved since 2000. The proportion of counties with severe overgrazing had dropped to less than 20%. In areas with more severe overgrazing, animal husbandry's maintenance and development mainly relied on supplementation of crop straw. The results could provide a scientific basis for regional agricultural and animal husbandry structural adjustment and environmental protection.

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  • Authors: Cheng-Cheng Meng; Xingguo Mo; Zhonghui Lin; Wen Liu; +2 Authors

    An in-depth understanding of variations in grassland productivity and forage-livestock balance is the basis of ecological barrier construction and ecosystem conservation in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Using an ecohydrological process-based model VIP with remotely sensed vegetation index and leaf area index, we simulated the spatial and temporal variations of grassland productivity in the Tibetan Plateau in 2000-2018. The variations in the status of forage-livestock balance at the county level were analyzed, combining with agriculture and animal husbandry statistics in the same period. The results showed that the mean annual net primary productivity (NPP) of grassland in the Tibetan Plateau was 158.4 g C·m-2·a-1, which had increased significantly in the past 20 years, with a significant increase in 44.7% of the total area. Climate warming, increased precipitation, prolonged growing season, and elevated carbon dioxide concentration were main driving forces for grassland productivity. The mean theoretical livestock carrying capacity estimated based on pasture yield was 1.17 SU·hm-2, with a growth rate of 0.011 SU·hm-2. The situation of overgrazing in the Tibetan Plateau had generally improved since 2000. The proportion of counties with severe overgrazing had dropped to less than 20%. In areas with more severe overgrazing, animal husbandry's maintenance and development mainly relied on supplementation of crop straw. The results could provide a scientific basis for regional agricultural and animal husbandry structural adjustment and environmental protection.

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  • Authors: Burong Hu; Ya Xiong Chen; Ya Rong Du; Rong Jia;

    To obtain precise data on the changes in the levels of 29 cytokines in mice after high or low linear energy transfer (LET) irradiation and to develop an accurate model of radiation exposure based on the cytokine levels after irradiation.Plasma samples harvested from mice at different time points after carbon-ion or X-ray irradiation were analyzed using meso-scale discovery (MSD), a high-throughput and sensitive electrochemiluminescence measurement technique. Dose estimation equations were set up using multiple linear regression analysis.The relative levels of IL-6 at 1 h, IL-5 and IL-6 at 24 h, and IL-5, IL-6 and IL-15 at 7 d after irradiation with two intensities increased dose-dependently. The minimum measured levels of IL-5, IL-6 and IL-15 were up to 4.0076 pg/mL, 16.4538 pg/mL and 0.4150 pg/mL, respectively. In addition, dose estimation models were established and verified.The MSD assay can provide more accurate data regarding the changes in the levels of the cytokines IL-5, IL-6 and IL-15. These cytokines could meet the essential criteria for radiosensitive biomarkers and can be used as radiation indicators. Our prediction models can conveniently and accurately estimate the exposure dose in irradiated organism.

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  • Authors: Burong Hu; Ya Xiong Chen; Ya Rong Du; Rong Jia;

    To obtain precise data on the changes in the levels of 29 cytokines in mice after high or low linear energy transfer (LET) irradiation and to develop an accurate model of radiation exposure based on the cytokine levels after irradiation.Plasma samples harvested from mice at different time points after carbon-ion or X-ray irradiation were analyzed using meso-scale discovery (MSD), a high-throughput and sensitive electrochemiluminescence measurement technique. Dose estimation equations were set up using multiple linear regression analysis.The relative levels of IL-6 at 1 h, IL-5 and IL-6 at 24 h, and IL-5, IL-6 and IL-15 at 7 d after irradiation with two intensities increased dose-dependently. The minimum measured levels of IL-5, IL-6 and IL-15 were up to 4.0076 pg/mL, 16.4538 pg/mL and 0.4150 pg/mL, respectively. In addition, dose estimation models were established and verified.The MSD assay can provide more accurate data regarding the changes in the levels of the cytokines IL-5, IL-6 and IL-15. These cytokines could meet the essential criteria for radiosensitive biomarkers and can be used as radiation indicators. Our prediction models can conveniently and accurately estimate the exposure dose in irradiated organism.

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  • Authors: Yanhong Wu;

    Résumé. La température de l'eau de surface des lacs (LSWT) est une propriété physique essentielle de l'écosystème aquatique et un indicateur évident du changement climatique. En combinant les forces de l'observation et de la modélisation par satellite, nous avons produit un LSWT quotidien intégré pour 160 lacs à travers le plateau tibétain où l'observation in situ est limitée. Le LSWT moyen à l'échelle du lac basé sur MODIS dans l'ensemble de données intégré comprend la moyenne diurne, nocturne et quotidienne pour la période 2000-2017. Le LSWT quotidien moyen basé sur MODIS est utilisé pour calibrer un modèle physique simplifié (c'est-à-dire un modèle air2water modifié), sur lequel un ensemble de données LSWT quotidien complet et cohérent est reconstruit pour la période 1978-2017. L'ensemble de données LSWT reconstruit est validé en le comparant aux observations satellitaires et in situ. La validation montre que le LSWT reconstruit est en bon accord avec les observations. Selon l'ensemble de données LSWT reconstruit, le LSWT annuel des lacs du plateau tibétain a augmenté de manière significative au cours de la période 1978-2017 avec un taux d'augmentation allant de 0,01Â à 0,47 Câ Câ par tranche de 10 Â ans. Le taux de réchauffement est plus élevé en hiver qu'en été. L'ensemble de données intégré est unique pour sa portée temporelle relativement grande (1978-2017) et sa haute résolution temporelle. L'ensemble de données ainsi que les méthodes développées peuvent contribuer à la recherche dans l'exploration des changements de l'équilibre hydrique et thermique et des effets écologiques qui en découlent sur le plateau tibétain. Les données de cette étude sont ouvertement disponibles via le portail Zenodo, avec DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6637526 (Guo et al., 2022). Resumen. La temperatura del agua superficial del lago (LSWT) es una propiedad física crítica del ecosistema acuático y un indicador evidente del cambio climático. Al combinar las fortalezas de la observación y el modelado basados en satélites, hemos producido un LSWT diario integrado para 160 lagos en la meseta tibetana donde la observación in situ es limitada. El LSWT medio de todo el lago basado en MODIS en el conjunto de datos integrado incluye la media diurna, nocturna y diaria para el período 2000-2017. El LSWT medio diario basado en MODIS se utiliza para calibrar un modelo simplificado basado en la física (es decir, modelo air2water modificado), sobre el cual se reconstruye un conjunto de datos LSWT diario completo y consistente para el período 1978-2017. El conjunto de datos LSWT reconstruido se valida comparándolo con las observaciones satelitales e in situ. La validación muestra que el LSWT reconstruido está en buena concordancia con lo observado. De acuerdo con el conjunto de datos LSWT reconstruido, el LSWT anual de los lagos en la meseta tibetana ha aumentado significativamente en el período 1978-2017 con una tasa de aumento que oscila entre 0,01 y 0,47 C por 10 años. La tasa de calentamiento es mayor en invierno que en verano. El conjunto de datos integrado es único por su intervalo temporoespacial relativamente grande (1978-2017) y su alta resolución temporal. El conjunto de datos junto con los métodos desarrollados pueden contribuir a la investigación en la exploración de los cambios en el equilibrio hídrico y térmico y los consiguientes efectos ecológicos en la meseta tibetana. Los datos de este estudio están disponibles abiertamente a través del portal Zenodo, con DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6637526 (Guo et al., 2022). Abstract. Lake surface water temperature (LSWT) is a critical physical property of the aquatic ecosystem and an evident indicator of climate change. By combining the strengths of satellite-based observation and modeling, we have produced an integrated daily LSWT for 160 lakes across the Tibetan Plateau where in situ observation is limited. The MODIS-based lake-wide mean LSWT in the integrated dataset includes the daytime, nighttime, and daily mean for the period 2000–2017. The MODIS-based daily mean LSWT is used to calibrate a simplified physically based model (i.e., modified air2water model), upon which a complete and consistent daily LSWT dataset is reconstructed for the period 1978–2017. The reconstructed LSWT dataset is validated by comparing it with both the satellite-based and in situ observations. The validation shows that the reconstructed LSWT is in good agreement with the observations. According to the reconstructed LSWT dataset, the annual LSWT of lakes in the Tibetan Plateau has increased significantly in the period 1978–2017 with an increase rate ranging from 0.01 to 0.47 ∘C per 10 years. The warming rate is higher in winter than in summer. The integrated dataset is unique for its relatively large temporospatial span (1978–2017) and high temporal resolution. The dataset together with the methods developed can contribute to research in exploring water and heat balance changes and the consequent ecological effects at the Tibetan Plateau. Data from this study are openly available via the Zenodo portal, with DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6637526 (Guo et al., 2022). الخلاصة. تعد درجة حرارة المياه السطحية للبحيرات (LSWT) خاصية فيزيائية حرجة للنظام البيئي المائي ومؤشرًا واضحًا لتغير المناخ. من خلال الجمع بين نقاط القوة في المراقبة والنمذجة القائمة على الأقمار الصناعية، قمنا بإنتاج LSWT يومي متكامل لبحيرات 160 درجة عبر هضبة التبت حيث تكون المراقبة في الموقع محدودة. يشمل متوسط LSWT على مستوى البحيرة القائم على MODIS في مجموعة البيانات المدمجة النهار والليل والمتوسط اليومي للفترة من 2000 إلى 2017. يتم استخدام المتوسط اليومي LSWT القائم على MODIS لمعايرة نموذج مبسط قائم على الفيزياء (أي نموذج air2water المعدل)، والذي يتم على أساسه إعادة بناء مجموعة بيانات LSWT يومية كاملة ومتسقة للفترة 1978-2017. يتم التحقق من صحة مجموعة بيانات LSWT المعاد بناؤها من خلال مقارنتها بكل من الملاحظات الساتلية وفي الموقع. يُظهر التحقق أن LSWT المعاد بناؤه يتفق بشكل جيد مع الملاحظات. وفقًا لمجموعة بيانات LSWT المعاد بناؤها، زاد LSWT السنوي للبحيرات في هضبة التبت بشكل كبير في الفترة من 1978 إلى 2017 بمعدل زيادة يتراوح من 0.01 إلى 0.47 درجة مئوية لكل 10 سنوات. معدل الاحترار أعلى في الشتاء منه في الصيف. تعتبر مجموعة البيانات المتكاملة فريدة من نوعها بسبب نطاقها الزماني المكاني الكبير نسبيًا (1978-2017) ودقتها الزمنية العالية. يمكن أن تساهم مجموعة البيانات جنبًا إلى جنب مع الأساليب المطورة في البحث في استكشاف تغيرات توازن المياه والحرارة وما يترتب على ذلك من آثار بيئية في هضبة التبت. البيانات من هذه الدراسة متاحة علنًا عبر بوابة زينودو، مع DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6637526 (Guo et al.، 2022).

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  • Authors: Yanhong Wu;

    Résumé. La température de l'eau de surface des lacs (LSWT) est une propriété physique essentielle de l'écosystème aquatique et un indicateur évident du changement climatique. En combinant les forces de l'observation et de la modélisation par satellite, nous avons produit un LSWT quotidien intégré pour 160 lacs à travers le plateau tibétain où l'observation in situ est limitée. Le LSWT moyen à l'échelle du lac basé sur MODIS dans l'ensemble de données intégré comprend la moyenne diurne, nocturne et quotidienne pour la période 2000-2017. Le LSWT quotidien moyen basé sur MODIS est utilisé pour calibrer un modèle physique simplifié (c'est-à-dire un modèle air2water modifié), sur lequel un ensemble de données LSWT quotidien complet et cohérent est reconstruit pour la période 1978-2017. L'ensemble de données LSWT reconstruit est validé en le comparant aux observations satellitaires et in situ. La validation montre que le LSWT reconstruit est en bon accord avec les observations. Selon l'ensemble de données LSWT reconstruit, le LSWT annuel des lacs du plateau tibétain a augmenté de manière significative au cours de la période 1978-2017 avec un taux d'augmentation allant de 0,01Â à 0,47 Câ Câ par tranche de 10 Â ans. Le taux de réchauffement est plus élevé en hiver qu'en été. L'ensemble de données intégré est unique pour sa portée temporelle relativement grande (1978-2017) et sa haute résolution temporelle. L'ensemble de données ainsi que les méthodes développées peuvent contribuer à la recherche dans l'exploration des changements de l'équilibre hydrique et thermique et des effets écologiques qui en découlent sur le plateau tibétain. Les données de cette étude sont ouvertement disponibles via le portail Zenodo, avec DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6637526 (Guo et al., 2022). Resumen. La temperatura del agua superficial del lago (LSWT) es una propiedad física crítica del ecosistema acuático y un indicador evidente del cambio climático. Al combinar las fortalezas de la observación y el modelado basados en satélites, hemos producido un LSWT diario integrado para 160 lagos en la meseta tibetana donde la observación in situ es limitada. El LSWT medio de todo el lago basado en MODIS en el conjunto de datos integrado incluye la media diurna, nocturna y diaria para el período 2000-2017. El LSWT medio diario basado en MODIS se utiliza para calibrar un modelo simplificado basado en la física (es decir, modelo air2water modificado), sobre el cual se reconstruye un conjunto de datos LSWT diario completo y consistente para el período 1978-2017. El conjunto de datos LSWT reconstruido se valida comparándolo con las observaciones satelitales e in situ. La validación muestra que el LSWT reconstruido está en buena concordancia con lo observado. De acuerdo con el conjunto de datos LSWT reconstruido, el LSWT anual de los lagos en la meseta tibetana ha aumentado significativamente en el período 1978-2017 con una tasa de aumento que oscila entre 0,01 y 0,47 C por 10 años. La tasa de calentamiento es mayor en invierno que en verano. El conjunto de datos integrado es único por su intervalo temporoespacial relativamente grande (1978-2017) y su alta resolución temporal. El conjunto de datos junto con los métodos desarrollados pueden contribuir a la investigación en la exploración de los cambios en el equilibrio hídrico y térmico y los consiguientes efectos ecológicos en la meseta tibetana. Los datos de este estudio están disponibles abiertamente a través del portal Zenodo, con DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6637526 (Guo et al., 2022). Abstract. Lake surface water temperature (LSWT) is a critical physical property of the aquatic ecosystem and an evident indicator of climate change. By combining the strengths of satellite-based observation and modeling, we have produced an integrated daily LSWT for 160 lakes across the Tibetan Plateau where in situ observation is limited. The MODIS-based lake-wide mean LSWT in the integrated dataset includes the daytime, nighttime, and daily mean for the period 2000–2017. The MODIS-based daily mean LSWT is used to calibrate a simplified physically based model (i.e., modified air2water model), upon which a complete and consistent daily LSWT dataset is reconstructed for the period 1978–2017. The reconstructed LSWT dataset is validated by comparing it with both the satellite-based and in situ observations. The validation shows that the reconstructed LSWT is in good agreement with the observations. According to the reconstructed LSWT dataset, the annual LSWT of lakes in the Tibetan Plateau has increased significantly in the period 1978–2017 with an increase rate ranging from 0.01 to 0.47 ∘C per 10 years. The warming rate is higher in winter than in summer. The integrated dataset is unique for its relatively large temporospatial span (1978–2017) and high temporal resolution. The dataset together with the methods developed can contribute to research in exploring water and heat balance changes and the consequent ecological effects at the Tibetan Plateau. Data from this study are openly available via the Zenodo portal, with DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6637526 (Guo et al., 2022). الخلاصة. تعد درجة حرارة المياه السطحية للبحيرات (LSWT) خاصية فيزيائية حرجة للنظام البيئي المائي ومؤشرًا واضحًا لتغير المناخ. من خلال الجمع بين نقاط القوة في المراقبة والنمذجة القائمة على الأقمار الصناعية، قمنا بإنتاج LSWT يومي متكامل لبحيرات 160 درجة عبر هضبة التبت حيث تكون المراقبة في الموقع محدودة. يشمل متوسط LSWT على مستوى البحيرة القائم على MODIS في مجموعة البيانات المدمجة النهار والليل والمتوسط اليومي للفترة من 2000 إلى 2017. يتم استخدام المتوسط اليومي LSWT القائم على MODIS لمعايرة نموذج مبسط قائم على الفيزياء (أي نموذج air2water المعدل)، والذي يتم على أساسه إعادة بناء مجموعة بيانات LSWT يومية كاملة ومتسقة للفترة 1978-2017. يتم التحقق من صحة مجموعة بيانات LSWT المعاد بناؤها من خلال مقارنتها بكل من الملاحظات الساتلية وفي الموقع. يُظهر التحقق أن LSWT المعاد بناؤه يتفق بشكل جيد مع الملاحظات. وفقًا لمجموعة بيانات LSWT المعاد بناؤها، زاد LSWT السنوي للبحيرات في هضبة التبت بشكل كبير في الفترة من 1978 إلى 2017 بمعدل زيادة يتراوح من 0.01 إلى 0.47 درجة مئوية لكل 10 سنوات. معدل الاحترار أعلى في الشتاء منه في الصيف. تعتبر مجموعة البيانات المتكاملة فريدة من نوعها بسبب نطاقها الزماني المكاني الكبير نسبيًا (1978-2017) ودقتها الزمنية العالية. يمكن أن تساهم مجموعة البيانات جنبًا إلى جنب مع الأساليب المطورة في البحث في استكشاف تغيرات توازن المياه والحرارة وما يترتب على ذلك من آثار بيئية في هضبة التبت. البيانات من هذه الدراسة متاحة علنًا عبر بوابة زينودو، مع DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6637526 (Guo et al.، 2022).

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  • Authors: Xiaodan Zhao; Ru San Tan; Pankaj Garg; Ping Chai; +17 Authors

    Archivo adicional 2: Películas que muestran vistas de cuatro cámaras con cuatro componentes de flujo del ventrículo derecho (VD) utilizando el trazado de partículas en un sujeto normal de 29 años, un sujeto normal de 36 años, un sujeto normal de 49 años, un sujeto normal de 55 años y un sujeto normal de 64 años. Los círculos amarillos denotan los contornos del VR de las pilas de vistas de ejes cortos. Leyenda de color: verde (flujo directo de VD), amarillo (flujo de entrada retenido de VD), azul (flujo de eyección retardado de VD), rojo (volumen residual de VD). Fichier supplémentaire 2 : Films montrant des vues à quatre chambres avec quatre composantes de flux du ventricule droit (VR) en utilisant le traçage des particules chez un sujet normal de 29 ans, un sujet normal de 36 ans, un sujet normal de 49 ans, un sujet normal de 55 ans et un sujet normal de 64 ans. Les cercles jaunes indiquent les contours du VR à partir de piles de vues à axe court. Légende des couleurs : vert (flux direct du VR), jaune (flux entrant retenu du VR), bleu (flux d'éjection retardé du VR), rouge (volume résiduel du VR). ملف إضافي 2: أفلام تعرض مناظر من أربع غرف مع البطين الأيمن (RV) أربعة مكونات تدفق باستخدام تتبع الجسيمات في شخص طبيعي يبلغ من العمر 29 عامًا، وشخص طبيعي يبلغ من العمر 36 عامًا، وشخص طبيعي يبلغ من العمر 49 عامًا، وشخص طبيعي يبلغ من العمر 55 عامًا وشخص طبيعي يبلغ من العمر 64 عامًا. تشير الدوائر الصفراء إلى محيط البطين الأيمن من أكوام المناظر ذات المحور القصير. مفتاح الألوان: أخضر (تدفق مباشر للبطين الأيمن)، أصفر (تدفق داخلي محتجز للبطين الأيمن)، أزرق (تدفق طرد متأخر للبطين الأيمن)، أحمر (الحجم المتبقي للبطين الأيمن). Additional file 2: Movies showing four-chamber views with right ventricle (RV) four flow components using particle tracing in a 29-year-old normal subject, a 36-year-old normal subject, a 49-year-old normal subject, a 55-year-old normal subject and a 64-year-old normal subject. Yellow circles denote the RV contours from stacks of short axis views. Color legend: green (RV direct flow), yellow (RV retained inflow), blue (RV delayed ejection flow), red (RV residual volume).

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  • Authors: Xiaodan Zhao; Ru San Tan; Pankaj Garg; Ping Chai; +17 Authors

    Archivo adicional 2: Películas que muestran vistas de cuatro cámaras con cuatro componentes de flujo del ventrículo derecho (VD) utilizando el trazado de partículas en un sujeto normal de 29 años, un sujeto normal de 36 años, un sujeto normal de 49 años, un sujeto normal de 55 años y un sujeto normal de 64 años. Los círculos amarillos denotan los contornos del VR de las pilas de vistas de ejes cortos. Leyenda de color: verde (flujo directo de VD), amarillo (flujo de entrada retenido de VD), azul (flujo de eyección retardado de VD), rojo (volumen residual de VD). Fichier supplémentaire 2 : Films montrant des vues à quatre chambres avec quatre composantes de flux du ventricule droit (VR) en utilisant le traçage des particules chez un sujet normal de 29 ans, un sujet normal de 36 ans, un sujet normal de 49 ans, un sujet normal de 55 ans et un sujet normal de 64 ans. Les cercles jaunes indiquent les contours du VR à partir de piles de vues à axe court. Légende des couleurs : vert (flux direct du VR), jaune (flux entrant retenu du VR), bleu (flux d'éjection retardé du VR), rouge (volume résiduel du VR). ملف إضافي 2: أفلام تعرض مناظر من أربع غرف مع البطين الأيمن (RV) أربعة مكونات تدفق باستخدام تتبع الجسيمات في شخص طبيعي يبلغ من العمر 29 عامًا، وشخص طبيعي يبلغ من العمر 36 عامًا، وشخص طبيعي يبلغ من العمر 49 عامًا، وشخص طبيعي يبلغ من العمر 55 عامًا وشخص طبيعي يبلغ من العمر 64 عامًا. تشير الدوائر الصفراء إلى محيط البطين الأيمن من أكوام المناظر ذات المحور القصير. مفتاح الألوان: أخضر (تدفق مباشر للبطين الأيمن)، أصفر (تدفق داخلي محتجز للبطين الأيمن)، أزرق (تدفق طرد متأخر للبطين الأيمن)، أحمر (الحجم المتبقي للبطين الأيمن). Additional file 2: Movies showing four-chamber views with right ventricle (RV) four flow components using particle tracing in a 29-year-old normal subject, a 36-year-old normal subject, a 49-year-old normal subject, a 55-year-old normal subject and a 64-year-old normal subject. Yellow circles denote the RV contours from stacks of short axis views. Color legend: green (RV direct flow), yellow (RV retained inflow), blue (RV delayed ejection flow), red (RV residual volume).

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  • Authors: Ming-Ming Li; Gang Li;

    Based on 98 Chinese pine (Pinus tabuliformis) tree-ring width data, normalized diffe-rence vegetation index (NDVI) data and land cover data in the Helan Mountains, we used VS-oscilloscope model to simulate the radial growth process of Chinese pine and to examine the relationship between vegetation canopy phenology and tree cambium phenology. Results showed that the end of season (EOS) of the vegetation canopy was significantly correlated with the EOS of the Chinese pine cambium. Such correlation was stronger than that between grassland and cambium. The start of season (SOS) and EOS of Chinese pine were related to the averaged minimum temperature in May-June and August-September, respectively. When the average minimum temperature in May-June increased by 1 ℃, SOS would be advanced by 4.3 days. The averaged minimum temperature in August-September increased by 1 ℃, EOS would be delayed by 2.6 days. The correlation between the phenology of vegetation canopy and the phenology of the cambium in Chinese pine differed among vegetation types. Simulating tree growth dynamics only through a tree-ring physiology model might lead to biased results. Using remote sensing monitoring data to combine canopy development and cambium growth would help to more accurately understand tree growth dynamics.

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  • Authors: Ming-Ming Li; Gang Li;

    Based on 98 Chinese pine (Pinus tabuliformis) tree-ring width data, normalized diffe-rence vegetation index (NDVI) data and land cover data in the Helan Mountains, we used VS-oscilloscope model to simulate the radial growth process of Chinese pine and to examine the relationship between vegetation canopy phenology and tree cambium phenology. Results showed that the end of season (EOS) of the vegetation canopy was significantly correlated with the EOS of the Chinese pine cambium. Such correlation was stronger than that between grassland and cambium. The start of season (SOS) and EOS of Chinese pine were related to the averaged minimum temperature in May-June and August-September, respectively. When the average minimum temperature in May-June increased by 1 ℃, SOS would be advanced by 4.3 days. The averaged minimum temperature in August-September increased by 1 ℃, EOS would be delayed by 2.6 days. The correlation between the phenology of vegetation canopy and the phenology of the cambium in Chinese pine differed among vegetation types. Simulating tree growth dynamics only through a tree-ring physiology model might lead to biased results. Using remote sensing monitoring data to combine canopy development and cambium growth would help to more accurately understand tree growth dynamics.

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  • Authors: Daniel Falaschi; Atanu Bhattacharya; Grégoire Guillet; Lei Huang; +5 Authors

    Este conjunto de datos proporciona valores atípicos de cambio de elevación (en metros) eliminados y llenos de huecos de los glaciares en el Muztagh Ata y el macizo occidental de Nyainqentanglha en la Alta Montaña de Asia de 2020 a 2022. Cet ensemble de données fournit des valeurs aberrantes de changement d'altitude (en mètres) des glaciers dans le massif du Muztagh Ata et du Nyainqentanglha occidental en Asie de haute montagne de 2020 à 2022. This data set provides outlier removed, gap filled elevation change values (in meters) of the glaciers in the Muztagh Ata and Western Nyainqentanglha massif in High Mountain Asia from 2020 to 2022. توفر مجموعة البيانات هذه قيم تغيير الارتفاع المملوءة بالفجوة (بالأمتار) للأنهار الجليدية في جبل مزطغ آتا وغرب نياينكينتانغلها في آسيا الجبلية العالية من عام 2020 إلى عام 2022.

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  • Authors: Daniel Falaschi; Atanu Bhattacharya; Grégoire Guillet; Lei Huang; +5 Authors

    Este conjunto de datos proporciona valores atípicos de cambio de elevación (en metros) eliminados y llenos de huecos de los glaciares en el Muztagh Ata y el macizo occidental de Nyainqentanglha en la Alta Montaña de Asia de 2020 a 2022. Cet ensemble de données fournit des valeurs aberrantes de changement d'altitude (en mètres) des glaciers dans le massif du Muztagh Ata et du Nyainqentanglha occidental en Asie de haute montagne de 2020 à 2022. This data set provides outlier removed, gap filled elevation change values (in meters) of the glaciers in the Muztagh Ata and Western Nyainqentanglha massif in High Mountain Asia from 2020 to 2022. توفر مجموعة البيانات هذه قيم تغيير الارتفاع المملوءة بالفجوة (بالأمتار) للأنهار الجليدية في جبل مزطغ آتا وغرب نياينكينتانغلها في آسيا الجبلية العالية من عام 2020 إلى عام 2022.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Jialei Li; Hongbin He; Qinghua Zeng; Liding Chen; +1 Authors

    This dataset includes annual soil conservation capacities and their impact factors in China from 1992 to 2019. These data are developed based on an improved RUSLE model to estimate potential and controlled soil erosion in China from 1992 to 2019. As important input factors, the vegetation cover and management (C) factor and rainfall erosivity (R) factor are optimized for different regions. The C-factor is optimized according to each province's farmland and non-farmland conditions. The R-factor is calculated for karst and non-karst areas separately using daily precipitation. The dataset contains nine zip files (“.rar”), which can be divided into comprehensive data and detailed data. Comprehensive data include mean values and changing rates of soil conservation capacity (SC1992-2019), the C-factor (C1992-2019), and the R-factor (R1992-2019) in China from 1992 to 2019. Detailed data include the water and soil conservation measure factor data (P_300), the soil erodibility factor data (K_300), the topographic factor data (LS_300), the R-factor data in two-year increments (R_year), the C-factor data in two-year increments (C_year), and the SC data in two-year increments (SC_year). Most data have a spatial resolution of 300 m (the resolution of the R-factor is 1 km). All the data in the zip files are raster data (“.tif”), which can be opened by GIS software like ArcMap. This dataset can support large-scale and long-term assessment of soil and water conservation potential in China. It also can serve as a basis for identifying the impacts of climate change and human activities on soil conservation services. This dataset includes annual soil conservation capacities and their impact factors in China from 1992 to 2019. These data are developed based on an improved RUSLE model to estimate potential and controlled soil erosion in China from 1992 to 2019. As important input factors, the vegetation cover and management (C) factor and rainfall erosivity (R) factor are optimized for different regions. The C-factor is optimized according to each province's farmland and non-farmland conditions. The R-factor is calculated for karst and non-karst areas separately using daily precipitation. The dataset contains nine zip files (“.rar”), which can be divided into comprehensive data and detailed data. Comprehensive data include mean values and changing rates of soil conservation capacity (SC1992-2019), the C-factor (C1992-2019), and the R-factor (R1992-2019) in China from 1992 to 2019. Detailed data include the water and soil conservation measure factor data (P_300), the soil erodibility factor data (K_300), the topographic factor data (LS_300), the R-factor data in two-year increments (R_year), the C-factor data in two-year increments (C_year), and the SC data in two-year increments (SC_year). Most data have a spatial resolution of 300 m (the resolution of the R-factor is 1 km). All the data in the zip files are raster data (“.tif”), which can be opened by GIS software like ArcMap. This dataset can support large-scale and long-term assessment of soil and water conservation potential in China. It also can serve as a basis for identifying the impacts of climate change and human activities on soil conservation services.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ https://dx.doi.org/1...arrow_drop_down
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.57760/sc...
    Dataset . 2023
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Datacite
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.57760/sc...
      Dataset . 2023
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Jialei Li; Hongbin He; Qinghua Zeng; Liding Chen; +1 Authors

    This dataset includes annual soil conservation capacities and their impact factors in China from 1992 to 2019. These data are developed based on an improved RUSLE model to estimate potential and controlled soil erosion in China from 1992 to 2019. As important input factors, the vegetation cover and management (C) factor and rainfall erosivity (R) factor are optimized for different regions. The C-factor is optimized according to each province's farmland and non-farmland conditions. The R-factor is calculated for karst and non-karst areas separately using daily precipitation. The dataset contains nine zip files (“.rar”), which can be divided into comprehensive data and detailed data. Comprehensive data include mean values and changing rates of soil conservation capacity (SC1992-2019), the C-factor (C1992-2019), and the R-factor (R1992-2019) in China from 1992 to 2019. Detailed data include the water and soil conservation measure factor data (P_300), the soil erodibility factor data (K_300), the topographic factor data (LS_300), the R-factor data in two-year increments (R_year), the C-factor data in two-year increments (C_year), and the SC data in two-year increments (SC_year). Most data have a spatial resolution of 300 m (the resolution of the R-factor is 1 km). All the data in the zip files are raster data (“.tif”), which can be opened by GIS software like ArcMap. This dataset can support large-scale and long-term assessment of soil and water conservation potential in China. It also can serve as a basis for identifying the impacts of climate change and human activities on soil conservation services. This dataset includes annual soil conservation capacities and their impact factors in China from 1992 to 2019. These data are developed based on an improved RUSLE model to estimate potential and controlled soil erosion in China from 1992 to 2019. As important input factors, the vegetation cover and management (C) factor and rainfall erosivity (R) factor are optimized for different regions. The C-factor is optimized according to each province's farmland and non-farmland conditions. The R-factor is calculated for karst and non-karst areas separately using daily precipitation. The dataset contains nine zip files (“.rar”), which can be divided into comprehensive data and detailed data. Comprehensive data include mean values and changing rates of soil conservation capacity (SC1992-2019), the C-factor (C1992-2019), and the R-factor (R1992-2019) in China from 1992 to 2019. Detailed data include the water and soil conservation measure factor data (P_300), the soil erodibility factor data (K_300), the topographic factor data (LS_300), the R-factor data in two-year increments (R_year), the C-factor data in two-year increments (C_year), and the SC data in two-year increments (SC_year). Most data have a spatial resolution of 300 m (the resolution of the R-factor is 1 km). All the data in the zip files are raster data (“.tif”), which can be opened by GIS software like ArcMap. This dataset can support large-scale and long-term assessment of soil and water conservation potential in China. It also can serve as a basis for identifying the impacts of climate change and human activities on soil conservation services.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ https://dx.doi.org/1...arrow_drop_down
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.57760/sc...
    Dataset . 2023
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Datacite
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.57760/sc...
      Dataset . 2023
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      Data sources: Datacite
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    Climate trends during wheat growing period and their impacts on spring wheat yield in Huang-huai Plain was investigated. This dataset contains: 1) information of stations in cultivation region for spring wheat in North China; 2) Trend in temperature and its effect on yield in cultivation region for spring wheat in North China; 3) Trend in radiation and its effect on yield in cultivation region for spring wheat in North China; 4) Trend in precipitation and its effect on yield in cultivation region for spring wheat in North China. Climate trends during wheat growing period and their impacts on spring wheat yield in Huang-huai Plain was investigated. This dataset contains: 1) information of stations in cultivation region for spring wheat in North China; 2) Trend in temperature and its effect on yield in cultivation region for spring wheat in North China; 3) Trend in radiation and its effect on yield in cultivation region for spring wheat in North China; 4) Trend in precipitation and its effect on yield in cultivation region for spring wheat in North China.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ https://dx.doi.org/1...arrow_drop_down
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.57760/sc...
    Dataset . 2022
    License: CC BY NC
    Data sources: Datacite
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.57760/sc...
    Dataset . 2022
    License: CC BY NC
    Data sources: Datacite
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.57760/sc...
      Dataset . 2022
      License: CC BY NC
      Data sources: Datacite
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.57760/sc...
      Dataset . 2022
      License: CC BY NC
      Data sources: Datacite
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    Climate trends during wheat growing period and their impacts on spring wheat yield in Huang-huai Plain was investigated. This dataset contains: 1) information of stations in cultivation region for spring wheat in North China; 2) Trend in temperature and its effect on yield in cultivation region for spring wheat in North China; 3) Trend in radiation and its effect on yield in cultivation region for spring wheat in North China; 4) Trend in precipitation and its effect on yield in cultivation region for spring wheat in North China. Climate trends during wheat growing period and their impacts on spring wheat yield in Huang-huai Plain was investigated. This dataset contains: 1) information of stations in cultivation region for spring wheat in North China; 2) Trend in temperature and its effect on yield in cultivation region for spring wheat in North China; 3) Trend in radiation and its effect on yield in cultivation region for spring wheat in North China; 4) Trend in precipitation and its effect on yield in cultivation region for spring wheat in North China.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ https://dx.doi.org/1...arrow_drop_down
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.57760/sc...
    Dataset . 2022
    License: CC BY NC
    Data sources: Datacite
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.57760/sc...
    Dataset . 2022
    License: CC BY NC
    Data sources: Datacite
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.57760/sc...
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.57760/sc...
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    Authors: Sun, Yuming; Alseekh, Saleh; Fernie, Alisdair;

    Plant secondary metabolites (SMs) play crucial roles in plant-environment interactions and contribute greatly to human health. Global climate changes are expected to dramatically affect plant secondary metabolism, yet a systematic understanding of such influences is still lacking. Here, we employed medicinal and aromatic plants (MAAPs) as model plant taxa and performed a meta-analysis from 360 publications using 1828 paired observations to assess the responses of different SMs levels and the accompanying plant traits to elevated carbon dioxide (eCO2), elevated temperature (eT), elevated nitrogen deposition (eN), and decreased precipitation (dP). The overall results showed that phenolic and terpenoid levels generally respond positively to eCO2 but negatively to eN, while the total alkaloid concentration was increased remarkably by eN. By contrast, dP promotes the levels of all SMs, while eT exclusively exerts a positive influence on the levels of phenolic compounds. Further analysis highlighted the dependence of SM responses on different moderators such as plant functional types, climate change levels or exposure durations, mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation. Moreover, plant phenolic and terpenoid responses to climate changes could be attributed to the variations in C/N ratio and total soluble sugar levels, while the trade-off supposition contributed to SM responses to climate changes other than eCO2. Taken together, our results predicted the distinctive SM responses to diverse climate changes in MAAPs, and allowed us to define potential moderators responsible for these variations. Further, linking SM responses to C-N metabolism and growth-defence balance provided biological understandings in terms of plant secondary metabolic regulation. Peer-reviewed journal articles published online from January 1990 to March 2022 were searched using Web of Science (http://www.isiknowledge.com/), with the following terms: (global change OR climate change OR free-air carbon dioxide enrichment OR free-air CO2 enrichment OR elevated carbon dioxide OR elevated CO2 OR elevated atmospheric CO2 OR CO2 enrichment OR eCO2 OR atmospheric CO2 enrichment OR elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide OR carbon dioxide enrichment OR [carbon dioxide] OR nitrogen deposition OR nitrogen addition OR nitrogen application OR nitrogen fertiliz* OR nitrogen nutrition OR N deposition OR N addition OR N application OR N fertiliz* OR N nutrition OR changing precipitation OR increased precipitation OR decreased precipitation OR drought OR water stress OR water addition OR warming OR elevated temperature OR climate warming OR elevated temperature OR increased temperature) AND (medicinal plant OR aromatic plants). 

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    ZENODO
    Dataset . 2022
    License: CC 0
    Data sources: ZENODO
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    ZENODO
    Dataset . 2022
    License: CC 0
    Data sources: ZENODO
    DRYAD
    Dataset . 2022
    License: CC 0
    Data sources: Datacite
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      ZENODO
      Dataset . 2022
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      ZENODO
      Dataset . 2022
      License: CC 0
      Data sources: ZENODO
      DRYAD
      Dataset . 2022
      License: CC 0
      Data sources: Datacite
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    Authors: Sun, Yuming; Alseekh, Saleh; Fernie, Alisdair;

    Plant secondary metabolites (SMs) play crucial roles in plant-environment interactions and contribute greatly to human health. Global climate changes are expected to dramatically affect plant secondary metabolism, yet a systematic understanding of such influences is still lacking. Here, we employed medicinal and aromatic plants (MAAPs) as model plant taxa and performed a meta-analysis from 360 publications using 1828 paired observations to assess the responses of different SMs levels and the accompanying plant traits to elevated carbon dioxide (eCO2), elevated temperature (eT), elevated nitrogen deposition (eN), and decreased precipitation (dP). The overall results showed that phenolic and terpenoid levels generally respond positively to eCO2 but negatively to eN, while the total alkaloid concentration was increased remarkably by eN. By contrast, dP promotes the levels of all SMs, while eT exclusively exerts a positive influence on the levels of phenolic compounds. Further analysis highlighted the dependence of SM responses on different moderators such as plant functional types, climate change levels or exposure durations, mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation. Moreover, plant phenolic and terpenoid responses to climate changes could be attributed to the variations in C/N ratio and total soluble sugar levels, while the trade-off supposition contributed to SM responses to climate changes other than eCO2. Taken together, our results predicted the distinctive SM responses to diverse climate changes in MAAPs, and allowed us to define potential moderators responsible for these variations. Further, linking SM responses to C-N metabolism and growth-defence balance provided biological understandings in terms of plant secondary metabolic regulation. Peer-reviewed journal articles published online from January 1990 to March 2022 were searched using Web of Science (http://www.isiknowledge.com/), with the following terms: (global change OR climate change OR free-air carbon dioxide enrichment OR free-air CO2 enrichment OR elevated carbon dioxide OR elevated CO2 OR elevated atmospheric CO2 OR CO2 enrichment OR eCO2 OR atmospheric CO2 enrichment OR elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide OR carbon dioxide enrichment OR [carbon dioxide] OR nitrogen deposition OR nitrogen addition OR nitrogen application OR nitrogen fertiliz* OR nitrogen nutrition OR N deposition OR N addition OR N application OR N fertiliz* OR N nutrition OR changing precipitation OR increased precipitation OR decreased precipitation OR drought OR water stress OR water addition OR warming OR elevated temperature OR climate warming OR elevated temperature OR increased temperature) AND (medicinal plant OR aromatic plants). 

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ ZENODOarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    ZENODO
    Dataset . 2022
    License: CC 0
    Data sources: ZENODO
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    ZENODO
    Dataset . 2022
    License: CC 0
    Data sources: ZENODO
    DRYAD
    Dataset . 2022
    License: CC 0
    Data sources: Datacite
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ ZENODOarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      ZENODO
      Dataset . 2022
      License: CC 0
      Data sources: ZENODO
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      ZENODO
      Dataset . 2022
      License: CC 0
      Data sources: ZENODO
      DRYAD
      Dataset . 2022
      License: CC 0
      Data sources: Datacite
      addClaim

      This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

      You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.
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