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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book , Other literature type 2023Publisher:Zenodo Authors: Féral, Jean-Pierre;Generally speaking, the term benthos refers to all aquatic organisms (marine or freshwater) living in close relationship with the bottom of seas and oceans, lakes and rivers. A distinction is made between the plant benthos or phytobenthos (algae and phanerogams), and the animal benthos or zoobenthos (annelids, molluscs, crustaceans, echinoderms, fish, etc.). Furthermore, the fauna situated on the surface (or epifauna), which may be fixed or free, is different from that which lives inside the sediment (endofauna). Finally, in this section we are interested only in marine macrobenthos (organisms larger than a few mm), from the tidal zone to the abyssal depths. The smaller forms (meiofauna-flora and microfauna-flora), which are practically not documented, are not taken into account in this chapter on the bottoms of the St-Paul and Amsterdam Islands. The area has been explored only sporadically during the passage of a few vessels on scientific expeditions focused on other interests. Only one of them, dedicated to the exploration of the zone from 0 to 3000 m of depth ("Jasus"), took place in 1985, on board the Marion-Dufresne. The purpose of this chapter is to make an assessment of the situation in 2022, in the context of a fishing zone within a marine protected area. {"references": ["F\u00e9ral (J.-P.) 2023. Les composantes biologiques : flore et faune marines subtropicales de l'h\u00e9misph\u00e8re sud \u2013 Le benthos, In: G. Duhamel (coord.) Les \u00eeles Saint-Paul et Amsterdam (Oc\u00e9an Indien sud) : environnement marin et p\u00eacheries. Mus\u00e9um national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, pp. 51-85 (Patrimoines naturels : 84), \u27e8hal-03575176\u27e9, doi : 10.5281/zenodo.7768288"]}
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visibility 18visibility views 18 download downloads 2 Powered bymore_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 1989 FranceAuthors: Cabot, Chantal;Après l'exposé général traitant de certains aspects de l'amélioration génétique de l'ananas, objet de la première partie de ce document, le cas particulier des travaux menés en Côte d'Ivoire est ici plus précisément abordé. Les objectifs de sélection définis à partir du contexte local ivoirien, le choix des géniteurs utilisés pour la réalisation des hybridations et les techniques mises au point pour la création et le suivi des descendances sont exposés. L'efficacité des méthodes décrites est à base de la sélection qui sera opérée sur la population de grande variabilité induite. 10 photos. (Résumé d'auteur)
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more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Conference object 1997 FrancePublisher:CIRAD Authors: Gouyon, Anne; Penot, Eric;Pendant près de 75 ans on a assisté avec l'hévéaculture à l'extension d'un système agroforestier à faible productivité, sans changement technique significatif. Depuis le début des années 1980, un nombre croissant de petits planteurs cherchent à modifier leurs systèmes de culture pour utiliser les variétés sélectionnées à haut potentiel de rendement, multipliées par greffages (clones) et proposées par les projets de développement. Les paysans ne sont pas tous en mesure de mobiliser les financements nécessaires, de maîtriser les nouvelles techniques et de supporter les risques liés à ces changements. Un programme d'expérimentations est en cours afin de mettre au point des techniques nouvelles qui, en utilisant les méthodes de l'agroforesterie, pourraient permettre au plus grand nombre de planteurs d'augmenter leur revenu, tout en préservant au moins partiellement le milieu forestier des régions concernées
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more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 1995 BelgiumAuthors: Servais, Pierre;La mise en évidence de l'importance du compartiment bactérien dans le fonctionnement des milieux aquatiques naturels a amené les chercheurs à développer des méthodes d'estimation de la biomasse et de l'activité bactérienne. L'objectif du présent article est de faire une rapide revue des principales méthodes qui ont été proposées à cet effet dans la littérature, en insistant particulièrement sur les avantages et les inconvénients de chaque méthode dans le domaine de l'écologie microbienne des milieux aquatiques. Il présente d'abord les diverses possibilités de détermination de l'abondance et de la biomasse des bactéries, envisage ensuite les possibilités d'étudier l'activité métabolique des cellules individuelles, et discute finalement les mesures globales d'activité bactérienne. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ As the importance of bacterial compartment in the functioning of the natural aquatic eco¬systems has been demonstrated, methods were developed in order to estimate bacterial biomass and activity. The goal of the present paper is to make a rapid review of the diffe¬rent methods presented in the literature. Advantages and problems of the application of each method in the field of aquatic bacterial ecology are discussed. The various possibilities of bacterial abundance and biomass determination are first presented, thus the diffe¬rent ways to investigate metabolic activity of individual bacteria are described and, final/y, the measurements of the global bacterial activity are discussed. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/published
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euapps Other research productkeyboard_double_arrow_right Other ORP type 1989 NetherlandsPublisher:Centre de Recherches Agrobiologiques (CABO) Authors: Breman, H.;add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2014 United KingdomAuthors: Morena, Edouard; Flipo, Fabrice; Felli, Romain; Grisoni, Anahita;add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2002 France, CanadaPublisher:African Crop Science Society V. Deffo; S. Hounzangbe-Adote; R. Maliki; M. H. Ould Ferroukh; E. Torquebiau; H. van Reuler;handle: 1807/22669
Pour intensifier de manière durable les cultures vivrières dans les zones de terres de barre dégradées au sud du Togo, plusieurs options ont été évaluées avec les paysans. Grâce à des entretiens collectifs de type participatif, sept différents groupes d'exploitants ont procédé à un classement par ordre de préférence de ces différentes options. Parmi cinq variantes d'un paquet MME (Maïs-Mucuna-Engrais minéraux) portées à leur choix, les paysans préfèrent (1) le MME avec un degré de préférence de 66%, à cause de son efficacité en termes de production agronomique; (2) le MM (Maïs-Mucuna sans engrais) avec 57% de degré de préférence pour ceux n'ayant pas de moyens financiers pour l'achat d'engrais et (3) le MMCCE (Maïs- Mucuna à Cycle Court + Engrais) avec 54% de degré de préférence parce qu'il permet une deuxième saison de cultures. En dehors du paquet MME et de ses variantes, d'autres options d'intensification des cultures, Maïs/Haies-vives + fumier (MHF), cultures en couloirs Maïs/Cajanus cajan (Cajanus), haies vives pour la production de biomasse et labour profond ont respectivement obtenu 86%, 79%, 36% et 18% de préférence. Les durabilités écologique, économique et sociologique des options ont aussi été évaluées par les exploitants au moyen de méthodes participatives d'entretiens de groupe. De cette évaluation, il ressort que les trois paquets ayant le plus fort potentiel d'adoption sont: (1) le paquet MME, (2) le paquet MCCE et (3) le paquet MHF. (Résumé d'auteur)
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2016 ColombiaPublisher:Assoc. Generale des Hygienistes et Techniciens Municipaux Authors: Blessent D.; Raymond J.; Dezayes C.;handle: 11407/4316
Because of an increasing demand in electricity and a necessity of reducing greenhouse gas emissions, several countries envisage the development of the renewable energies. The geothermal energy is a particularly interesting alternative because it allows a production of electricity which is not influenced by weather conditions and it requires relatively restricted surface areas compared, for example, to the area required by a hydroelectric power plant. The literature review presented here summarizes the main characteristics of the geothermal potential in Quebec, in sedimentary basins, and in Colombia, in the area of the Nevado del Ruiz volcanic complex. Currently, in these two regions, the hydro-electric power dominates the electricity production, but there is a similar interest to the development of geothermal power plants. The French sites of Soultz-sous-Forêts in Alsace and Boiling in Guadeloupe are respectively presented as an example of exploitation of geothermal improved systems (Enhanced Geothermal System; EGS) and geothermal resources in volcanic regions. The first site constitutes a model for the future development of the deep geothermal exploitation in Quebec, whereas the second is an example for Colombia. A description of environmental impacts related to the exploitation of deep geothermal resources is presented at the end of this paper. ; Because of an increasing demand in electricity and a necessity of reducing greenhouse gas emissions, several countries envisage the development of the renewable energies. The geothermal energy is a particularly interesting alternative because it allows a production of electricity which is not influenced by weather conditions and it requires relatively restricted surface areas compared, for example, to the area required by a hydroelectric power plant. The literature review presented here summarizes the main characteristics of the geothermal potential in Quebec, in sedimentary basins, and in Colombia, in the area of the Nevado del Ruiz volcanic complex. Currently, in these two regions, the hydro-electric power dominates the electricity production, but there is a similar interest to the development of geothermal power plants. The French sites of Soultz-sous-Forêts in Alsace and Boiling in Guadeloupe are respectively presented as an example of exploitation of geothermal improved systems (Enhanced Geothermal System; EGS) and geothermal resources in volcanic regions. The first site constitutes a model for the future development of the deep geothermal exploitation in Quebec, whereas the second is an example for Colombia. A description of environmental impacts related to the exploitation of deep geothermal resources is presented at the end of this paper.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2015 BelgiumAuthors: Aguilar Sanchez, Juan Antonio; Tiniakov, Petr;The Telescope Array experiment studies ultra high energy cosmic rays using a hybrid detector. Fluorescence telescopes measure the longitudinal development of the extensive air shower generated when a primary cosmic ray particle interacts with the atmosphere. Meanwhile, scintillator detectors measure the lateral distribution of secondary shower particles that hit the ground. The Middle Drum (MD) fluorescence telescope station consists of 14 telescopes from the High Resolution Fly's Eye (HiRes) experiment, providing a direct link back to the HiRes measurements. Using the scintillator detector data in conjunction with the telescope data improves the geometrical reconstruction of the showers significantly, and hence, provides a more accurate reconstruction of the energy of the primary particle. The Middle Drum hybrid spectrum is presented and compared to that measured by the Middle Drum station in monocular mode. Further, the hybrid data establishes a link between the Middle Drum data and the surface array. A comparison between the Middle Drum hybrid energy spectrum and scintillator Surface Detector (SD) spectrum is also shown. ; 0 ; SCOPUS: ar.j ; info:eu-repo/semantics/published
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2007 FranceAuthors: Havard, Michel; Vall, Eric; Njoya, Aboubakar; Fall, Alioune;Une exploitation agricole moyenne se compose de 6 personnes (3 actifs), cultive 2,2 ha, possède 1 bovin, 4 petits ruminants, 0,4 bovin de trait et 0,45 charrue. Les rendements sont relativement faibles: 950 kg/ha de coton, 2 100 kg/ha de maïs, 850 kg/ha de sorgho et 1 800 kg/ha d'arachide coque. La fumure minérale est utilisée surtout sur coton (110 kg/ha de NPK, et 25 kg/ha d'urée) et mais (90 kg/ha de NPK, 80 kg/ha d'urée). La valeur monétaire des productions (vente, autoconsommation, dons) et des activités est estimée à 886 ¿ par exploitation par an, dont 80% pour les productions végétales, 5% pour l'élevage, 15% pour les activités extra-agricoles. L'assolement se compose de 30% de coton, 55% de céréales (sorgho, mals et riz), 12% de légumineuses (arachide, niébé), 3% d'autres cultures (oignon, manioc, cultures légumières). (Résumé d'auteur)
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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book , Other literature type 2023Publisher:Zenodo Authors: Féral, Jean-Pierre;Generally speaking, the term benthos refers to all aquatic organisms (marine or freshwater) living in close relationship with the bottom of seas and oceans, lakes and rivers. A distinction is made between the plant benthos or phytobenthos (algae and phanerogams), and the animal benthos or zoobenthos (annelids, molluscs, crustaceans, echinoderms, fish, etc.). Furthermore, the fauna situated on the surface (or epifauna), which may be fixed or free, is different from that which lives inside the sediment (endofauna). Finally, in this section we are interested only in marine macrobenthos (organisms larger than a few mm), from the tidal zone to the abyssal depths. The smaller forms (meiofauna-flora and microfauna-flora), which are practically not documented, are not taken into account in this chapter on the bottoms of the St-Paul and Amsterdam Islands. The area has been explored only sporadically during the passage of a few vessels on scientific expeditions focused on other interests. Only one of them, dedicated to the exploration of the zone from 0 to 3000 m of depth ("Jasus"), took place in 1985, on board the Marion-Dufresne. The purpose of this chapter is to make an assessment of the situation in 2022, in the context of a fishing zone within a marine protected area. {"references": ["F\u00e9ral (J.-P.) 2023. Les composantes biologiques : flore et faune marines subtropicales de l'h\u00e9misph\u00e8re sud \u2013 Le benthos, In: G. Duhamel (coord.) Les \u00eeles Saint-Paul et Amsterdam (Oc\u00e9an Indien sud) : environnement marin et p\u00eacheries. Mus\u00e9um national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, pp. 51-85 (Patrimoines naturels : 84), \u27e8hal-03575176\u27e9, doi : 10.5281/zenodo.7768288"]}
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visibility 18visibility views 18 download downloads 2 Powered bymore_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 1989 FranceAuthors: Cabot, Chantal;Après l'exposé général traitant de certains aspects de l'amélioration génétique de l'ananas, objet de la première partie de ce document, le cas particulier des travaux menés en Côte d'Ivoire est ici plus précisément abordé. Les objectifs de sélection définis à partir du contexte local ivoirien, le choix des géniteurs utilisés pour la réalisation des hybridations et les techniques mises au point pour la création et le suivi des descendances sont exposés. L'efficacité des méthodes décrites est à base de la sélection qui sera opérée sur la population de grande variabilité induite. 10 photos. (Résumé d'auteur)
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more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Conference object 1997 FrancePublisher:CIRAD Authors: Gouyon, Anne; Penot, Eric;Pendant près de 75 ans on a assisté avec l'hévéaculture à l'extension d'un système agroforestier à faible productivité, sans changement technique significatif. Depuis le début des années 1980, un nombre croissant de petits planteurs cherchent à modifier leurs systèmes de culture pour utiliser les variétés sélectionnées à haut potentiel de rendement, multipliées par greffages (clones) et proposées par les projets de développement. Les paysans ne sont pas tous en mesure de mobiliser les financements nécessaires, de maîtriser les nouvelles techniques et de supporter les risques liés à ces changements. Un programme d'expérimentations est en cours afin de mettre au point des techniques nouvelles qui, en utilisant les méthodes de l'agroforesterie, pourraient permettre au plus grand nombre de planteurs d'augmenter leur revenu, tout en préservant au moins partiellement le milieu forestier des régions concernées
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more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 1995 BelgiumAuthors: Servais, Pierre;La mise en évidence de l'importance du compartiment bactérien dans le fonctionnement des milieux aquatiques naturels a amené les chercheurs à développer des méthodes d'estimation de la biomasse et de l'activité bactérienne. L'objectif du présent article est de faire une rapide revue des principales méthodes qui ont été proposées à cet effet dans la littérature, en insistant particulièrement sur les avantages et les inconvénients de chaque méthode dans le domaine de l'écologie microbienne des milieux aquatiques. Il présente d'abord les diverses possibilités de détermination de l'abondance et de la biomasse des bactéries, envisage ensuite les possibilités d'étudier l'activité métabolique des cellules individuelles, et discute finalement les mesures globales d'activité bactérienne. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ As the importance of bacterial compartment in the functioning of the natural aquatic eco¬systems has been demonstrated, methods were developed in order to estimate bacterial biomass and activity. The goal of the present paper is to make a rapid review of the diffe¬rent methods presented in the literature. Advantages and problems of the application of each method in the field of aquatic bacterial ecology are discussed. The various possibilities of bacterial abundance and biomass determination are first presented, thus the diffe¬rent ways to investigate metabolic activity of individual bacteria are described and, final/y, the measurements of the global bacterial activity are discussed. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/published
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more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euapps Other research productkeyboard_double_arrow_right Other ORP type 1989 NetherlandsPublisher:Centre de Recherches Agrobiologiques (CABO) Authors: Breman, H.;add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2014 United KingdomAuthors: Morena, Edouard; Flipo, Fabrice; Felli, Romain; Grisoni, Anahita;add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2002 France, CanadaPublisher:African Crop Science Society V. Deffo; S. Hounzangbe-Adote; R. Maliki; M. H. Ould Ferroukh; E. Torquebiau; H. van Reuler;handle: 1807/22669
Pour intensifier de manière durable les cultures vivrières dans les zones de terres de barre dégradées au sud du Togo, plusieurs options ont été évaluées avec les paysans. Grâce à des entretiens collectifs de type participatif, sept différents groupes d'exploitants ont procédé à un classement par ordre de préférence de ces différentes options. Parmi cinq variantes d'un paquet MME (Maïs-Mucuna-Engrais minéraux) portées à leur choix, les paysans préfèrent (1) le MME avec un degré de préférence de 66%, à cause de son efficacité en termes de production agronomique; (2) le MM (Maïs-Mucuna sans engrais) avec 57% de degré de préférence pour ceux n'ayant pas de moyens financiers pour l'achat d'engrais et (3) le MMCCE (Maïs- Mucuna à Cycle Court + Engrais) avec 54% de degré de préférence parce qu'il permet une deuxième saison de cultures. En dehors du paquet MME et de ses variantes, d'autres options d'intensification des cultures, Maïs/Haies-vives + fumier (MHF), cultures en couloirs Maïs/Cajanus cajan (Cajanus), haies vives pour la production de biomasse et labour profond ont respectivement obtenu 86%, 79%, 36% et 18% de préférence. Les durabilités écologique, économique et sociologique des options ont aussi été évaluées par les exploitants au moyen de méthodes participatives d'entretiens de groupe. De cette évaluation, il ressort que les trois paquets ayant le plus fort potentiel d'adoption sont: (1) le paquet MME, (2) le paquet MCCE et (3) le paquet MHF. (Résumé d'auteur)
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2016 ColombiaPublisher:Assoc. Generale des Hygienistes et Techniciens Municipaux Authors: Blessent D.; Raymond J.; Dezayes C.;handle: 11407/4316
Because of an increasing demand in electricity and a necessity of reducing greenhouse gas emissions, several countries envisage the development of the renewable energies. The geothermal energy is a particularly interesting alternative because it allows a production of electricity which is not influenced by weather conditions and it requires relatively restricted surface areas compared, for example, to the area required by a hydroelectric power plant. The literature review presented here summarizes the main characteristics of the geothermal potential in Quebec, in sedimentary basins, and in Colombia, in the area of the Nevado del Ruiz volcanic complex. Currently, in these two regions, the hydro-electric power dominates the electricity production, but there is a similar interest to the development of geothermal power plants. The French sites of Soultz-sous-Forêts in Alsace and Boiling in Guadeloupe are respectively presented as an example of exploitation of geothermal improved systems (Enhanced Geothermal System; EGS) and geothermal resources in volcanic regions. The first site constitutes a model for the future development of the deep geothermal exploitation in Quebec, whereas the second is an example for Colombia. A description of environmental impacts related to the exploitation of deep geothermal resources is presented at the end of this paper. ; Because of an increasing demand in electricity and a necessity of reducing greenhouse gas emissions, several countries envisage the development of the renewable energies. The geothermal energy is a particularly interesting alternative because it allows a production of electricity which is not influenced by weather conditions and it requires relatively restricted surface areas compared, for example, to the area required by a hydroelectric power plant. The literature review presented here summarizes the main characteristics of the geothermal potential in Quebec, in sedimentary basins, and in Colombia, in the area of the Nevado del Ruiz volcanic complex. Currently, in these two regions, the hydro-electric power dominates the electricity production, but there is a similar interest to the development of geothermal power plants. The French sites of Soultz-sous-Forêts in Alsace and Boiling in Guadeloupe are respectively presented as an example of exploitation of geothermal improved systems (Enhanced Geothermal System; EGS) and geothermal resources in volcanic regions. The first site constitutes a model for the future development of the deep geothermal exploitation in Quebec, whereas the second is an example for Colombia. A description of environmental impacts related to the exploitation of deep geothermal resources is presented at the end of this paper.
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You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=11407/4316&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2015 BelgiumAuthors: Aguilar Sanchez, Juan Antonio; Tiniakov, Petr;The Telescope Array experiment studies ultra high energy cosmic rays using a hybrid detector. Fluorescence telescopes measure the longitudinal development of the extensive air shower generated when a primary cosmic ray particle interacts with the atmosphere. Meanwhile, scintillator detectors measure the lateral distribution of secondary shower particles that hit the ground. The Middle Drum (MD) fluorescence telescope station consists of 14 telescopes from the High Resolution Fly's Eye (HiRes) experiment, providing a direct link back to the HiRes measurements. Using the scintillator detector data in conjunction with the telescope data improves the geometrical reconstruction of the showers significantly, and hence, provides a more accurate reconstruction of the energy of the primary particle. The Middle Drum hybrid spectrum is presented and compared to that measured by the Middle Drum station in monocular mode. Further, the hybrid data establishes a link between the Middle Drum data and the surface array. A comparison between the Middle Drum hybrid energy spectrum and scintillator Surface Detector (SD) spectrum is also shown. ; 0 ; SCOPUS: ar.j ; info:eu-repo/semantics/published
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2007 FranceAuthors: Havard, Michel; Vall, Eric; Njoya, Aboubakar; Fall, Alioune;Une exploitation agricole moyenne se compose de 6 personnes (3 actifs), cultive 2,2 ha, possède 1 bovin, 4 petits ruminants, 0,4 bovin de trait et 0,45 charrue. Les rendements sont relativement faibles: 950 kg/ha de coton, 2 100 kg/ha de maïs, 850 kg/ha de sorgho et 1 800 kg/ha d'arachide coque. La fumure minérale est utilisée surtout sur coton (110 kg/ha de NPK, et 25 kg/ha d'urée) et mais (90 kg/ha de NPK, 80 kg/ha d'urée). La valeur monétaire des productions (vente, autoconsommation, dons) et des activités est estimée à 886 ¿ par exploitation par an, dont 80% pour les productions végétales, 5% pour l'élevage, 15% pour les activités extra-agricoles. L'assolement se compose de 30% de coton, 55% de céréales (sorgho, mals et riz), 12% de légumineuses (arachide, niébé), 3% d'autres cultures (oignon, manioc, cultures légumières). (Résumé d'auteur)
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
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