- home
- Advanced Search
Filters
Clear All- Energy Research
- 13. Climate action
- 6. Clean water
- German
- B2FIND
- Energy Research
- 13. Climate action
- 6. Clean water
- German
- B2FIND
description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book , Other literature type 2021Publisher:Universität Hamburg Authors: Arneth, Almut; Foken, Thomas;Die intensive Nutzung in Landwirtschaft und Forstwirtschaft und damit einhergehende Bodendegradation stellen eine enorme Herausforderung für die menschliche Gesellschaft dar. Insbesondere die Übernutzung reduziert die Ernährungssicherheit, führt zur Emission von Treibhausgasen und Aerosolen, treibt den Verlust der biologischen Vielfalt an, verschmutzt das Wasser und untergräbt eine Vielzahl von Ökosystemdienstlei - stungen, die über die Nahrungsmittelversorgung sowie die Wasser- und Klimaregulierung hinausgehen. Die direkten Emissionen durch Entwaldung, Düngung, Reisanbau und Wiederkäuer belaufen sich derzeit auf etwa 25% aller menschlichen Treibhausgasemissionen. Der intensiven Landnutzung zugrunde liegen sowohl das Bevölkerungswachstum, der Anstieg im pro-Kopf-Verbrauch an Kalorien, Holz und Fasern sowie verstärkter Konsum von Fleisch- und Milchprodukten. Dieses Kapitel fasst diese soziökonomischen Aspekte kurz zusammen und führt in die grundsätzlichen Prozesse ein, die der Emission von CO2, CH4 und N2O zugrunde liegen. In verschiedenen Kapiteln in diesem Buch werden diese Prozesse wieder aufgegriffen und unter verschiedenen Gesichtspunkten detaillierter beleuchtet. Socioeconomic aspects of land use change, effects on biogeochemical cycles and greenhouse gas emissions: Intensive agriculture and forestry and associated land degradation, pose an enormous challenge to human society. Overuse of land ecosystems reduces food security, leads to emissions of greenhouse gases and aerosols, drives biodiversity loss, pollutes water, and undermines a wide range of ecosystem services beyond food supply and water and climate regulation. Direct emissions from deforestation, fertilization, rice cultivation, and ruminants currently amount to about 25% of all human greenhouse gas emissions. Drivers of intensive land useare population growth, together with increases in per capita consumption of calories, wood, and fiber, and a shift towards consumption of meat and dairy products. This chapter briefly summarizes these socioeconomic aspects and introduces the basic processes underlying the emission of CO2, CH4, and N2O. Various chapters in this book revisit these processes and examine them in more detail from different perspectives. Aspectos socioeconómicos del cambio de uso de la tierra, efectos en los ciclos biogeoquímicos y emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero: El uso intensivo del suelo en la agricultura y la silvicultura asi como la asociada degradación del suelo representan un enorme desafío para la sociedad humana. En particular, el sobreuso hace peligrar la seguridad alimentaria, conduce a la emisión de gases de efecto invernadero y aerosoles, incrementa la pérdida de biodiversidad, contamina el agua y socava una variedad de servicios de los ecosistemas más allá del suministro de alimentos y la regulación del agua y el clima. Las emisiones directas de la deforestación, la fertilización, el cultivo de arroz y los rumiantes representan actualmente alrededor del 25% de todas las emisiones antrópicas de gases de efecto invernadero. El uso intensivo de la tierra se basa en el crecimiento de la población, el aumento del consumo per cápita de calorías, madera y fibra y un mayor consumo de carne y productos lácteos. Este capítulo resume brevemente estos aspectos socioeconómicos e introduce los procesos fundamentales que subyacen a la emisión de CO2, CH4 y N2O. Estos procesos se retoman en varios capítulos de este libro y se examinan con más detalle desde varias perspectivas.
https://dx.doi.org/1... arrow_drop_down https://dx.doi.org/10.25592/uh...Part of book or chapter of book . 2021License: CC BYData sources: Datacitehttps://dx.doi.org/10.25592/uh...Part of book or chapter of book . 2021License: CC BYData sources: Datacitehttps://dx.doi.org/10.25592/wa...Part of book or chapter of book . 2021License: CC BYData sources: Dataciteadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.25592/uhhfdm.9910&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert https://dx.doi.org/1... arrow_drop_down https://dx.doi.org/10.25592/uh...Part of book or chapter of book . 2021License: CC BYData sources: Datacitehttps://dx.doi.org/10.25592/uh...Part of book or chapter of book . 2021License: CC BYData sources: Datacitehttps://dx.doi.org/10.25592/wa...Part of book or chapter of book . 2021License: CC BYData sources: Dataciteadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.25592/uhhfdm.9910&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book 2021Publisher:Universität Hamburg Authors: Lozán, José L.; Breckle,Siegmar-W;Weltweit spielen Großstaudämme eine immer wichtigere Rolle für die »erneuerbare« Energieversorgung und in den vielen Trockengebieten der Erde für die Bewässerung und Ausweitung der Landwirtschaft. Einige neuere Staudämme sind spektakuläre Riesenprojekte. Großstaudammprojekte sind aber inzwischen sehr umstritten, sie sind Konfliktherde; sie verändern die Landnutzung diametral, sie vertreiben die eingesessene Bevölkerung und zerstören deren Lebensgrundlagen. Die ökologischen und ökonomischen Auswirkungen sind nicht nur positiv, sondern sie weisen in erheblichem Maße auch negative Folgen auf. Dazu kommt, dass Staudamm und Nutzung der Wasserspeicher auch nur eine begrenzte Zeit möglich ist. Large water dams for energy generation and irrigation and its social problems: An introduction: Large dams play an increasingly important role worldwide for the renewable energy supply and in the many arid regions of the world for irrigation and the expansion of agriculture. Some of the newer dams are spectacular giant projects. Large dam projects are now very controversial, they are sources of conflicts; they change land use diametrically, they drive out the local population and destroy their livelihoods. The ecological and economic effects are not only positive, they also have negative consequences to a considerable extent. In addition, the dam and the use of the water reservoir are only possible for a limited time. Grandes represas para la generación de energía y proyectos de irrigación y sus conflictos sociales: Una introduccion: Las grandes represas desempeñan un papel cada vez más importante en todo el mundo en la producción de energia »renovable« y en las muchas regiones áridas del mundo para mejorar el riego y la expansión agricola. Algunas de las represas más nuevas son proyectos gigantescos. Muchos proyectos de represas tienen sus lados negativos y son fuentes de conflictos; cambian diametralmente el uso de la tierra, conducen al desalojos de la población local y destruyen sus fuentes de trabajo, también los efectos ecológicos y económicos son en gran medida negativos. Además el uso de las represan tienen un tiempo limitado y su desmontaje es costoso.
https://dx.doi.org/1... arrow_drop_down https://dx.doi.org/10.25592/wa...Part of book or chapter of book . 2021License: CC BYData sources: Datacitehttps://dx.doi.org/10.25592/uh...Part of book or chapter of book . 2021License: CC BYData sources: Datacitehttps://dx.doi.org/10.25592/uh...Part of book or chapter of book . 2021License: CC BYData sources: Dataciteadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.25592/warnsignal.klima.boden-landnutzung.30&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen 0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert https://dx.doi.org/1... arrow_drop_down https://dx.doi.org/10.25592/wa...Part of book or chapter of book . 2021License: CC BYData sources: Datacitehttps://dx.doi.org/10.25592/uh...Part of book or chapter of book . 2021License: CC BYData sources: Datacitehttps://dx.doi.org/10.25592/uh...Part of book or chapter of book . 2021License: CC BYData sources: Dataciteadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.25592/warnsignal.klima.boden-landnutzung.30&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book , Other literature type 2020Embargo end date: 01 Jan 2020Publisher:Universität Hamburg Authors: Burga, Conradin A.;Nach der letzten Maximalvereisung (LGM) Nord-Amerikas und N-Europas vor etwa 20.000 Jahren begannen die Eisschilde abzuschmelzen. Im Spätglazial, das um 10.000 BP endete, erfolgten noch letzte kleine Gletschervorstöße und um 13.000 BP begann die Wiederbewaldung der Alpen. Zu Beginn des Holozäns setzte eine schnelle Erwärmung mit raschem Anstieg der Waldgrenze bis über 2.100 m Meereshöhe ein. Diese Wärmegunst war bedingt durch die größte Nähe der Sonne zur Erde im Nordsommer, wodurch die N-Halbkugel von ca. 9.000-5.000 BP an der Obergrenze der Erdatmosphäre ca.7% mehr Sonnenenergie erhielt und dadurch bis zu 2 K wärmer als heute war. Diese rund 4.000 Jahre dauernde Wärmeperiode mit um 1-2 K höheren Jahresmitteltemperaturen, das mittelholozäne sogenannte Klimaoptimum (Hypsithermal), wurde durch fünf Kaltphasen mit Waldgrenzeabsenkungen von ca. 100 Höhenmetern und Gletschervorstößen unterbrochen. Um 8.000-5.500 BP lag im Wärmeoptimum (Atlantikum) die Waldgrenze bis in Höhen von 2.300-2.400 m, d.h. 80-100 Höhenmeter über der heutigen Position. Nachdem im Mittleren Subboreal um ca. 4.000-3.700 BP die Waldgrenzen nochmals höchste Lagen erreichten, folgten um 3.500-3.100 BP und 2.830-2.270 BP Waldgrenzeabsenkungen von 40-100 m sowie Gletschervorstöße in den Ost- und Zentralalpen. Zwischen der römerzeitlichen Klimagunst und der hochmittelalterlichen Wärmeperiode folgte eine Abkühlung mit erneuten Gletschervorstößen und Waldgrenzeabsenkungen, die sich mit zunehmenden anthropogenen Einflüssen überlagern. Die Kleine Eiszeit (ca. 1320-1850 AD) war gekennzeichnet durch markante Gletschervorstöße und häufigere Unwetter mit Wirkung auf das sozio-ökonomische und kulturelle Leben. Holocene climate variations and timber line fluctuations of in the Alps: After the last glacial maximum (LGM) in N-America and N-Europe, the large ice shields started to melt. After the last smaller glacier advances reforestation started at about 13,000 BP in the Alps, and the full glacial period ended at 10,000 BP. At the onset of the Holocene, climate warming started quickly and the forests reached ca. 2,100 m a.s.l. This warmth period, caused by the perihelion of earth during the boreal summer, lead to higher solar radiation by about 7%. from ca. 9,000-5,000 BP warmring the Earth’s surface by up to 2 K. This Mid-Holocene climate optimum (hypsithermal interval) lasted 4,000 years with annual average temperatures 1-2 K higher, but it was interrupted by five cooler periods with a lowering of timber line by up to 100 m and glacier advances. During the climate optimum (Atlantic) from 8,000- 5,500 BP the forests reached their highest levels with 2,300-2,400 m a.s.l., i.e. 80-100 m higher than their actual position. After the last high forest positions during the Mid-Subboreal at ca. 4,000-3,700 BP followed a lowering by 40-100 m in the Eastern and Central Alps and glacier extensions due to cooler conditions from 3,500-3,100 and 2,830-2,270 BP. Between the warm periods of Roman Times and Early Middle Ages, a cooler period led to glacier advances and a lower timber line, overlapping with an increasing human impact. During the Little Ice Age (ca. 1,320-1,850 AD) marked glacier advances and extreme weather affected social, economic and cultural life.
https://dx.doi.org/1... arrow_drop_down https://dx.doi.org/10.25592/uh...Part of book or chapter of book . 2020License: CC BYData sources: Datacitehttps://dx.doi.org/10.25592/uh...Part of book or chapter of book . 2020License: CC BYData sources: Datacitehttps://dx.doi.org/10.25592/wa...Part of book or chapter of book . 2020License: CC BYData sources: Dataciteadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.25592/uhhfdm.9269&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen 0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert https://dx.doi.org/1... arrow_drop_down https://dx.doi.org/10.25592/uh...Part of book or chapter of book . 2020License: CC BYData sources: Datacitehttps://dx.doi.org/10.25592/uh...Part of book or chapter of book . 2020License: CC BYData sources: Datacitehttps://dx.doi.org/10.25592/wa...Part of book or chapter of book . 2020License: CC BYData sources: Dataciteadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.25592/uhhfdm.9269&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book 2021Publisher:Universität Hamburg Authors: Fehrenbach, Horst;Der Beitrag beleuchtet die Rolle der Bioenergie und die Schwierigkeit der Abschätzung ihres nachhaltigen Potenzials. Dabei werden die möglichen Beiträge zum Klimaschutz sowie die Grenzen diskutiert, ebenso wie die Risiken für die Biodiversität. Mit der Nutzung von biogenen Reststoffen und Abfällen bleiben sowohl die Potenziale als auch die Risiken beschränkt. Potentials of bioenergy for climate protection and the »controversy« about world nutrition and species protection: The article highlights the role of bioenergy and the difficulty of estimating especially sustainable potentials. The possible contributions to climate protection and the constraints are discussed, as are the risks for biodiversity. With the use of biogenic residues and waste, both the potentials and the risks remain limited. Potencial de la bioenergía para la protección del clima y la »controversia« sobre la alimentación mundial de y la protección de las especies: El artículo ilumina el papel de la bioenergía y la dificultad de evaluar especialmente el potencial sostenible. Se discuten las posibles contribuciones a la protección del clima y sus límites, así como los riesgos para la biodiversidad. Con el uso de residuos y desechos biogénicos, tanto el potencial como los riesgos siguen siendo limitados.
https://dx.doi.org/1... arrow_drop_down https://dx.doi.org/10.25592/uh...Part of book or chapter of book . 2021License: CC BYData sources: Datacitehttps://dx.doi.org/10.25592/uh...Part of book or chapter of book . 2021License: CC BYData sources: Datacitehttps://dx.doi.org/10.25592/wa...Part of book or chapter of book . 2021License: CC BYData sources: Dataciteadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.25592/uhhfdm.10006&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert https://dx.doi.org/1... arrow_drop_down https://dx.doi.org/10.25592/uh...Part of book or chapter of book . 2021License: CC BYData sources: Datacitehttps://dx.doi.org/10.25592/uh...Part of book or chapter of book . 2021License: CC BYData sources: Datacitehttps://dx.doi.org/10.25592/wa...Part of book or chapter of book . 2021License: CC BYData sources: Dataciteadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.25592/uhhfdm.10006&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Research , Other literature type 2020Publisher:Universität Hamburg Authors:Mahl, Daniela;
Mahl, Daniela
Mahl, Daniela in OpenAIREBrüggemann, Michael;
Brüggemann, Michael
Brüggemann, Michael in OpenAIREGuenther, Lars;
Guenther, Lars
Guenther, Lars in OpenAIREDe Silva-Schmidt, Fenja;
De Silva-Schmidt, Fenja
De Silva-Schmidt, Fenja in OpenAIREA follow-up study to Brüggemann et al. (2017), The appeasement effect of a United Nations climate summit on the German public Abstract Heat waves occurring around the world, outspoken warnings from scientists, international climate ac-tivism, and ensuing political debates on climate protection have ensured that climate change has finally caught the public’s attention. This comparative analysis of public opinion during three UN climate sum-mits illustrates the awakening of public awareness of and an increased willingness to actively engage with climate change, probably as the cumulative effect of this combination of events. Comparing cli-mate change awareness, communicative engagement, knowledge, attitudes, and climate-friendly be-haviour during the 2015 (n = 1,477), 2018 (n = 1,044) and 2019 (n = 1,000) UN climate summits, we find major and consistently positive changes in various forms of active engagement with the issue. These results indicate that the appeasement effect observed in an earlier study during the 2015 Paris summit is over: the German public is now ready to take decisive steps to tackle the climate problem.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.25592/uhhfdm.851&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu1 citations 1 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.25592/uhhfdm.851&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu