Wildfire activity is an important activity in evolution of vegetation and carbon cycling. Whether wet weather will suppress wildfire or promote them by increasing fuel reserves during the Holocene is not clear. We obtained a record of black carbon from a sediment core spanning the last 14.8 kyr from Gonghai Lake, in North China. There is a close relationship between the timing of wildfire activity and vegetation development driven by the East Asian summer monsoon intensity. On a millennial timescales, wet climatic conditions provide a sufficient biofuels reserve, in the same period wildfire increase; thus, the regional potential biofuels reserve is shown to be an important controlling of regional wildfire activity in the monsoon region of China, under natural conditions. We infer that with the strengthening of Asian summer monsoon caused by global warming, the wildfire carbon emission in Asian monsoon region may increase in the future.