The methods of collecting data used in the research include the analysis of the literature on the subject and the survey method. The above-described survey was one of the three main stages of research under this project. The remaining two stages (quantitative and qualitative research) concerned farmers’ households in the area of six randomly selected provinces (one from each macroregion in Poland). The sampling frame included all 16 provinces in Poland, and the following provinces were drawn: Dolnośląskie; Zachodniopomorskie; Lubelskie; Warmińsko-mazurskie; Małopolskie and Łódzkie. The spatial scope of the research of farmers and experts was identical. Adoption of the research methodology taking into account the division into macro-regions and random selection in their spatial scope made it possible to consider various socio-economic features of rural areas in Poland. The analyses used the results of the survey conducted between November 2019 and March 2020. The selection of the sample for expert research was deliberate. The research project established that the minimum research sample would be 30 experts, including at least 4 experts with knowledge and experience in the field of energy poverty in the study area. The experts were mainly employees of agricultural advisory centres.