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This article, based on the theme Dimensions of Sustainability in the Budgets of the cities in Rondônia with the Highest Firjan Index of Municipal Development, aims to analyze the budget execution of the cities in the State of Rondônia, identifying in the budgets the amounts of expenses paid and the total of the relative functions to the dimensions of sustainability. Documentary research related to 2021 on the Finbra website and in the Firjan system was carried out, and, with the collected data, tables were structured for a better visualization of these data. There were high percentage differences in expenses paid among the dimensions and among the cities whose showed average was 54.85% in the social dimension, 7.42% in the economic dimension and 1.88% in the environmental dimension. They also showed cities with high Firjan indexes, classified as unsustainable, such as in the capital Porto Velho and in the city of Vilhena. In the statistical test, there was a correlation only in the environmental dimension with the independent variables and it showed positive and moderate strength. It is concluded that the public administration is important for the reallocation of resources for the sustainable balance between the cities and the studied dimensions, and, for that, it was proposed the readaptation of the model with the insertion of other variables in the social and economic dimension. Based on this intention, the reflection contributed to a more effective analysis of municipal sustainable public policies.

The Constitutional Financing Fund of the North (FNO), created through the Constitutional Funds, has the objective of promoting the development of the North Region, constituting the main financial instrument of the National Policy for Regional Development (PNDR) for the reduction of regional disparities. With the growth and development of the region, new questions and concerns regarding sustainability in the business environment were generated. In this sense, the Sustainability Tripod and its extension, the Multiple Bottom Line, were proposed in order to analyze the economic, social, environmental, ethical and governance dimensions. In this sense, the present work sought to identify the reality of the dimensions of sustainability in the environment of micro and small companies of the Portal da Amazônia that used the resource of the Constitutional Fund for Financing of the North (FNO) for business development. To capture the data, a field survey was carried out with 111 companies that used FNO resources in the period from 2018 to 2022. After the survey, Excel was used for data processing and subsequent analysis. As a result, in the economic dimension, the ability of micro and small companies to expand their revenues was identified, with the responsibility of expanding the use of facilities and an integrated corporate composition to guarantee the economic life of the entity. In the environmental dimension, business actions involving the issuance of environmental licenses and their practices in the operation of the business were observed, while in the social dimension, the expansion of the supply of job openings and an organization dedicated to serving people could be seen. In the Governance dimension, actions of administrative responsibility, control and good practices by the companies interviewed were observed. Closing the context of the dimensions, ethics guides the business of micro and small companies surveyed. Responsibility with the business, both internally and externally, signals an important emphasis on this dimension. The outputs obtained provided the opportunity for theoretical generalizations regarding the confrontation of the reality described in the dimensions of sustainability in the business environment of micro and small companies of the Amazon portal and the theoretical framework that involves the theme.

Orientador : Prof. Dr. Anselmo Chaves Neto ; Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Agrárias, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Florestal. Defesa: Curitiba, 08/08/2014 ; Inclui referências ; Área de concentração : Economia e Política Florestal ; Resumo:O babaçu tem participação relevante na economia maranhense. Apesar de o babaçu ser uma oleaginosa com grande potencial para produção de biocombustível, seu principal produto, o óleo, está direcionado para o segmento da indústria de higiene, limpeza e cosméticos. Um combustível economicamente viável, ambientalmente correto e socialmente inclusivo ainda demanda novas pesquisas. No presente estudo analisou-se a produção de biodiesel de babaçu fazendo uma pesquisa conceitual e histórica da indústria do babaçu e da produção do biodiesel gerando uma análise exergoeconômica do seu processo de produção a partir da biomassa do babaçu. Estabeleceu-se uma relação entre a análise exergética e a análise econômica na produção do biodiesel de babaçu, contabilizando as ineficiências e perdas que podem acontecer nesse sistema. Também, buscou-se identificar as melhorias necessárias para otimizar a produção através de ensaios realizados em laboratório. O custo real da produção de biodiesel de babaçu foi determinado a partir do detalhamento do processo de transesterificação realizado através de duas rotas de produção de biodiesel, metílica e etílica. As diferenças foram comparadas considerando as eficiências e custos de cada processo. Observou-se que a eficiência exergética da planta de produção de biodiesel de babaçu usando metanol é maior que da eficiência usando etanol (89%, 71%). O biodiesel obtido por via etílica gera um valor de exergia útil menor do que por via metílica, o que pode ser devido a temperatura e o tempo usados no processo. Ao considerar, no entanto, a glicerina como produto útil, a eficiência do balanço exergético usando metanol passa para 96% e usando etanol vai para 81%. O fator exergoeconômico do processo de obtenção de ...

The building of energy infrastructure has the main objective of promoting economic development based on the production and consumption of goods and services. In Brazil, the main generator of electricity is the Itaipu hydroenergy plant, which is binational and uses the transboundary waters of the Parana River in the boundary between Brazil and Paraguay. In a context of high energy demand, the discourses about transboundary waters are marked by debates on sovereignty and securitization in the face of vulnerability, these discourses focus on relations of tension and conflict over strategic water resources between states. This paper examines the use of transboundary water for energy production in Brazil and the limits of the discourse of regional development among the riparian states in the negotiations on the Itaipu Treaty during the government of former President Inacio Lula da Silva (2003-2010).

In the current global pursuit of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), environmental governance in Brazil stands out, especially for its inclusion of social participation in decision-making bodies. The National Council for the Environment (CONAMA) plays a central role in this scenario. Given this, this study asks: How did government changes between 2011 and 2023 influence social participation in this entity, and in what ways did its institutional design vary according to the ineptitude of the current governments? The selected time frame encompasses three distinct moments in the council's design. For the analysis, qualitative methods of content analysis were employed, examining official documents, decrees, and academic publications, providing an in-depth view of the changes that occurred. The results initially reveal a period of strength and prominence, followed by a phase of significant reduction in representation, and later, a moment of reformulation and restructuring of the institutional design of this council. These transitions reaffirm the essential balance between government and social stakeholders in achieving environmental governance. The study emphasizes the imperative of maintaining participatory structures to ensure the quality of environmental policies in the country and realignment with the development of environmental policies at the global level.

This research investigated the use of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) process to recover part of the thermal and chemical energy left in the exhaust boiler stream. A theoretical analysis of energy conversion and use was performed based on a small boiler, in which were performed several measurements and analysis of the operation reports, which provided the boundary conditions and relevant information for modelling the processes. The methodology considered the radiation from exhaust gases, thermodynamics balances, and economic engineering calculations for the energy recovery analysis. Financial results indicate that the exhaust gas recirculation process implementation, regarding 20% of EGR ratio, presented 69% and 1.45 years of internal returning rate and payback, respectively. However, the regenerative process presented internal returning rate and payback values of 112% and 0.9 years. Indeed, both process might be applied, in order to increase the efficiency and reduce the emissions. In this way, the implementation of the exhaust gas recirculation process can contribute to the development of more economical practices in the industry, while promoting the reduction of operating costs and improving boiler efficiency.

O presente artigo explora o papel da produção de biocombustíveis para o desenvolvimento local endógeno. A análise foi realizada na Região do Vale do Rio Pardo (RS), tradicional produtora de tabaco que concentra as principais multinacionais do setor e possui alta dependência em relação ao produto. O recrudescimento das campanhas antitabagistas e a criação de legislações mais rigorosas serviram de alerta à região para os riscos da dependência em relação à cadeia produtiva do tabaco. Atualmente, são desenvolvidos localmente dois projetos baseados na produção de biocombustíveis que buscam o desenvolvimento local sustentável, aproveitando as potencialidades da região. A metodologia de pesquisa utilizada caracteriza-se como uma abordagem qualitativa, e a coleta de dados foi realizada através de entrevistas em profundidade com os atores envolvidos nos projetos em desenvolvimento. O estudo revela que os projetos podem gerar importantes complementos de renda para os agricultores familiares da região, apesar do envolvimento histórico com o tabaco e a alta renda que o produto gera atualmente. Os projetos de produção de biocombustíveis foram adaptados à realidade local e não buscam substituir a produção de tabaco enquanto esta for rentável, mas oferecer renda complementar e capaz de estimular a diversificação produtiva.---------------------------------------------------The present paper explores the role of biofuels production for endogenous local development. The analysis was accomplished in the Vale do Rio Pardo Region, located in Rio Grande do Sul State. As a traditional tobacco producer, the region concentrates the most important multinational tobacco companies and is highly dependent on this product. The worsening of anti-tobacco campaigns and the intent to create laws more rigorous to the sector has alerted the region to the risks of high dependence on tobacco productive chain. Nowadays, in Vale do Rio Pardo Region, two projects based on biofuels are being developed, seeking a local sustainable development construct by regional potentialities. The article’s research methodology is characterized as a qualitative approach, and the data have been collected through in-depth interviews with the actors involved in the ongoing projects. The study highlights that these projects can generate important income complements for the family farmers, even with the historical involvement with tobacco production and the high incomes currently generated by this product. The biofuels projects have been adapted to local reality and do not aim to substitute tobacco production, while this is profitable. However, the projects can offer complemental incomes and stimulate productive diversification.

The projection of energy demand has been one of the most used tools in the area of energy planning, assisting in decision making related to energy policies. Therefore, this study had as main objective to apply the Principal Component Analysis (ACP) technique “Principal Component Analysis” (PCA), to evaluate the factors that most influence the residential demand for electricity and from the determined main components, perform the forecast for residential electricity demand for the year 2030. For this purpose, we used data from variables that influence residential energy demand on the website of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). The following variables were considered: Number of inhabitants, Income per capita, GDP per capita, Exchange Rate, Unemployment Rate, and Fertility Rate. Residential demand is also influenced by factors such as the price of electricity, the price of alternative energy, the rate of urbanization, the rate of access to electricity, however, these data are not available at year intervals that were considered for analysis. Principal component analysis (CP) was started by standardizing all variables in order to ensure that all of them have the same weight in the analysis, to have a zero mean and variance equal to one. After standardizing the variables, he performed the main component analysis to identify the variables with the greatest influence on residential energy consumption. Having defined the main components, it was possible to forecast demand for the year 2030 through multiple linear regression analysis using the least squares method. As a result, it was found that the proportion of contribution from the accumulated variation of the first three main components is 92.9%, that is, it reflects most of the information on demand for residential consumption. Only the main component one (CP1) already presents greater variability of the data (about 62.1%). Thus, in order to forecast residential electricity demand in Brazil, only the first two main components were considered, which are represented by income per capita, GDP per capita, exchange rate and number of inhabitants, these factors contribute with more explanatory variables. Another four main components were discarded, since they assume a very small proportion of the data variability (close to zero), therefore, it is estimated that they do not have as much influence. Thus, residential demand is a function of socioeconomic development and the Brazilian population growth. Using the least squares method, it was possible to forecast residential electricity consumption from 2019 until the year 2030. In this time interval there was a significant increase in residential consumption from 141258.7 MWh to 177076.5 MWh. This increase can be explained by population growth, socioeconomic development, the process of universal electric power, climatic conditions and greater availability of income for the acquisition of electrical equipment, especially air conditioning equipment. On the other hand, it was found that the growth in residential consumption has been decreasing in recent years and the forecast is that in the coming years this growth will average 2% per year.

This chapter aims to characterize the component dimensions of a methodological arrangement for inducing entrepreneurship policies in the context of sustainable local development. In constructing this work, the Web of Science and Spell databases and books, theses, and dissertations were consulted to seek an approximation between the investigated dimensions, namely: public policies for entrepreneurship and sustainable local development. The broader scope of this study is to apply these dimensions in productive sectors in future empirical research. Thus, it is concluded that for the elaboration of a methodological arrangement in the induction of entrepreneurship policies in the context of sustainable local development, the dimensions to be considered in this construct must be supported by integrative, participatory, rational, complex, and systemic theories. Cap��tulo de livro publicado e com livro completo dispon��vel em: www.doi.org/10.54400/978.65.87563.16.9