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Studying the thermal performance of Double Skin Facades (DSFs) with vertical layers has dominated the literature,however, there is still a lack of in-depth research on the performance of DSFs with atypical geometries suchas folded cases which can be applied to Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) systems to improve their performance.To this end, the study evaluates the influence of the fold geometry on heat transfer, flow structure, andairflow rate in the Folded DSF cavities under a hot climate in Iran using an efficient method titled “patching”; themethod integrates Soltrace3 with a 2D steady-state CFD model by ANSYS-Fluent. The results show that the foldposition and its depth can alter the DSFs performance significantly; the higher the fold depth the more distortionof the flow field inside the cavity; from a practical perspective, the fold position in the upper part of the cavity issuitable for BIPVs application since it can capture 250% higher amount of solar radiation compared to a conventionalvertical-layer DSF as the Base Case; the net heat gain through outer layer could improve with increaseof fold depth and reach at least 33% higher than the Base Case, meanwhile, the total electricity generationpotential of folded cases could be up to 169% higher than the Base Case; thus, the study proved that if thearchitectural design is of interest, it is highly recommended to consider folded DSFs as a design option.

Solvent Vapour extraction (Vapex) is a promising technology for in-situ heavy oil recovery from oil sands deposits. The prediction of oil recovery rates requires fundamental understanding of the pore-scale mechanisms and their impact on mass transfer and oil production. To bridge the gap between pore-scale mechanisms and macro scale recovery, a dynamic pore-network model for two-phase flow with mass transfer is developed. The impact of pressure gradient on two-phase flow pattern, mass transfer and oil production are investigated. It is found that at high capillary numbers, in viscous dominated flow, dissolved oil is moved in intermittent liquid clusters to the outlet of the network. This mechanism of interface renewal maintains a steep solvent mole fraction gradient at the interface and enhances mass transfer, resulting in high oil production. In capillary dominated flow, capillary fingering with low mass transfer and oil production are observed.

The prevalence of poverty and inequality in megacities often manifests as high levels of energy poverty and disparities in household energy consumption. A comprehensive survey of 2054 households in Beijing was conducted in 2023 to examine the dynamics of energy poverty within such an urban settings. As one of the world's most influential megacities, Beijing offers a distinct and insightful case study for understanding energy poverty in a rapidly urbanizing global context. Utilizing the 10 % and low-cost/high-income (LIHC) methods, we estimated that the energy poverty rate in Beijing ranges between 16.07 % and 17.53 %, with the highest rates observed in suburban areas. In addition, we explored the spatial differences in energy poverty and the root causes. Our research reveals a significant correlation between economic and geographical factors and the spatial distribution of energy poverty. Furthermore, our findings suggest that larger populations tend to be associated with reduced disparities in energy poverty across different areas. Therefore, we suggest promoting the use of energy-efficient installations, implementing time-sensitive heating systems, and providing electricity and hygienic cooking facilities.

The rapid growth of photovoltaic (PV) technology in recent years called for a comprehensive assessment of the global scientific landscape on fires associated with PV energy installations. This study examines the scientific literature indexed in Scopus from 1983 to 2023. It reveals a striking increase in output since 2011, with nearly one hundred publications in the most recent year under review. This growth of interest has occurred in parallel with the global expansion of photovoltaics. The majority of studies in this field are classified as engineering, with 34% of publications in this area. The USA leads the way with over 160 publications, followed by China with 125. Two institutions in the USA are particularly prominent in this field: Sandia National Laboratories in New Mexico with 22 publications, and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory in Colorado with 16 publications. The second institution is the University of Science and Technology of China, which has published 17 articles on the subject. A close examination of the evolution of keywords reveals a remarkable transformation in the scientific landscape over the past 10 years, from 2013 to 2023. The evolution of keywords suggests a maturation in the understanding of fire risks associated with photovoltaic energy. A total of seven scientific communities have been identified in which these works are grouped according to their keywords. These include Fire and Energy Storage, PV faults, Fire resistance, Fire hazard, Fire detectors, Deep learning, and Fire safety. It has been found that fires caused by PV installations are not listed as a cause of fire starts. This should be taken into account when conducting preventive analyses of this potential danger, particularly in light of the possible development of agrivoltaics, where facilities will be mainly located in the natural environment. Embargado hasta 19/05/2026

We analyzed the role of primary and postoperative low linear energy transfer radiotherapy in 538 patients treated for salivary gland cancer in centers of the Dutch Head and Neck Oncology Cooperative Group, in search for prognostic factors and dose response.The tumor was located in the parotid gland in 59%, submandibular gland in 14%, oral cavity in 23%, and elsewhere in 5%. In 386 of 498 patients surgery was combined with radiotherapy, with a median dose of 62 Gy. Median delay between surgery and radiotherapy was 6 weeks. In the postoperative radiotherapy group, adverse prognostic factors prevailed. Elective radiotherapy to the neck was given in 40%, with a median dose of 50 Gy. Primary radiotherapy (n = 40) was given for unresectable disease or M(1), with a dose range of 28-74 Gy.Postoperative radiotherapy improved 10-year local control significantly compared with surgery alone in T(3-4) tumors (84% vs. 18%), in patients with close (95% vs. 55%) and incomplete resection (82% vs. 44%), in bone invasion (86% vs. 54%), and perineural invasion (88% vs. 60%). Local control was not correlated with interval between surgery and radiotherapy. No dose-response relationship was shown. Postoperative radiotherapy significantly improved regional control in the pN(+) neck (86% vs. 62% for surgery alone). A rating scale for different sites, T stage, and histologic type may be applied to calculate the risk of disease in the neck at presentation, and so indicate the need for elective neck treatment. A marginal dose-response was seen, in favor of a dose > or =46 Gy. A clear dose-response relationship was shown for patients treated with primary radiotherapy. Five-year local control was 50% with a dose of 66-70 Gy.Postoperative radiotherapy with a dose of at least 60 Gy is indicated for patients with T(3-4) tumors, incomplete or close resection, bone invasion, perineural invasion, and pN(+). In unresectable tumors, a dose of at least 66 Gy is advisable.

This document presents a qualitative analysis of surface temperatures of the oceanic territory of Panama. These temperatures represent an indication of the potential of the thermal resource in the oceanic territory of Panama and could generate benefits for the success and stability of the national economy facing the current and growing challenges of the society. The OTEC technology is promising for countries located in tropical regions, where sea temperature differentials are ideal for efficient operability. Currently, this technology has low efficiency levels. Therefore, to evaluate its possible implementation in Panama, a theoretical thermodynamic analysis has been carried out. An organic Rankine cycle (ORC) simulation for the net production of 100KW was performed. It considered the temperature differentials of the oceanography of Panama and used refrigerants R717 and R134a as working fluids. Considering the database of Physical Oceanography Distributed Active Archive Center (PODAAC) for the year 2018, the ocean territory of Panama in the Gulf of Chiriqui reflects seawater surface temperatures (SST) of approximately 27.5 °C to almost 29.5 °C. Besides these values they do not reflect representative anomalies in the critical points with respect to the seasons of the year. The importance of the study in this area is its proximity to the deep cold sea waters, considering the Panama bathymetry map, since its SST are not very variable through the year or through the territory?

Climate change and rising global temperatures pose significant challenges for natural resource management. While developed economies have made progress in addressing these issues, emerging economies are still striving to achieve carbon neutrality, sustainable resource use, and environmental sustainability. This research aims to identify the factors driving carbon emissions in emerging economies over the past three decades. The study establishes a long-run relationship among the factors under investigation by employing various panel diagnostic methods. Non-parametric approaches are used to account for the non-symmetric distribution of panel data. The findings reveal that natural resource components have asymmetric impacts on carbon emissions, with oil rents reducing emissions and mineral rents increasing them. Economic growth and agricultural value added are identified as significant contributors to carbon emissions in the region. On the other hand, renewable energy consumption plays a crucial role in achieving carbon neutrality targets. Gross capital formation exhibits a mixed influence on carbon emissions, being positive and significant in lower quantiles and significantly negative in upper quantiles. These estimates are robust and align with existing literature. The study recommends sustainable resource abstraction and utilization, renewable energy production and consumption improvements, and enhanced capital formation. By providing empirical evidence and policy recommendations, this research contributes to understanding the relationship between these factors and their impact on carbon emissions, facilitating effective strategies for sustainable development and environmental preservation. Xinyang Normal University

The integration of geothermal and hydrogen energy through advanced predictive modeling not only enhances energy production efficiency but also contributes significantly to the global transition towards renewable energy sources. This study commences with the establishment of a geothermal hydrogen production model using Aspen Plus, incorporating physical constraints, derived from the Capacitance Resistance Model (CRM) model. Refinements to Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural networks based on historical data and CRM constraints tailor them for geothermal reforming-based hydrogen production. Production analysis indicates that the hybrid CRM-LSTM model adeptly predicts heat and hydrogen production, improving system performance. The approach demonstrates superior accuracy, with hydrogen production predictions deviating by less than 2%. The comparison highlights the hybrid model’s advantage in handling nonlinear characteristics but it also shows the hybrid model requires longer training times. Sensitivity analysis reveals significant implications for investment decisions, with CRM predicting a 26-year cost recovery period under standard conditions, potentially underestimating actual outcomes by over eight months. Such discrepancies underscore the importance of accurate predictive models in guiding investment decisions for sustainable energy projects. This model contributes to achieving sustainable development goals by integrating geothermal and hydrogen energy, advancing the transition towards renewable and environmentally friendly energy sources.